Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are anti-tumor therapies using low-intensity, moderate-frequency alternating electric fields. In recent years, new discoveries have been made in the research on the use of TTFields in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). This article reviews the development of TTFields in the treatment of GBM and the research progress of clinical trials, safety and the evaluation of post-treatment quality of life.

Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are anti-tumor therapies using low-intensity, moderate-frequency alternating electric fields. In recent years, new discoveries have been made in the research on the use of TTFields in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). This article reviews the development of TTFields in the treatment of GBM and the research progress of clinical trials, safety and the evaluation of post-treatment quality of life.

Objective To analyze the effect of SV2B overexpression on the growth,invasion,and apoptosis of glioblastoma cells,and to explore its potential mechanism.Methods We transfected glioblastoma u87 and u251 cells with lentivirus as SV2B overexpression group.And blank control group was set up.The effects of SV2B overexpression on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of u87 and u251 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay,cell scratch assay,Transwell invasion,and Transwell migration assay.The expression level of SV2B protein was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with the blank control group,the proliferation,invasion,and migration abilities of u87 and u251 cells in SV2B overexpression group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Conclusion SV2B overexpression significantly inhibits the proliferation,invasion,and migration abilities of glioblastoma cells.

Glioma is a common malignant tumor in the central nervous system, its standard treatments include surgical resection of tumor tissues and simultaneous chemoradiotherapy. However, due to its unclear pathogenesis and the fact that tumor cells are mostly invasive, glioma is still difficult to be completely removed, and there are still problems such as poor prognosis, high recurrence rate and short survival time of patients. Therefore, finding new molecular markers and therapeutic targets is crucial for the treatment of glioma. Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2B (SV2B), as a protein with important biological functions, has attracted much attention for its potential application as a potential molecular biomarker in early diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis evaluation of tumors. This article focuses on the biological characteristics, functions and possibilities of SV2B in early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of glioma, in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma.

Glioma is a common malignant tumor in the central nervous system, its standard treatments include surgical resection of tumor tissues and simultaneous chemoradiotherapy. However, due to its unclear pathogenesis and the fact that tumor cells are mostly invasive, glioma is still difficult to be completely removed, and there are still problems such as poor prognosis, high recurrence rate and short survival time of patients. Therefore, finding new molecular markers and therapeutic targets is crucial for the treatment of glioma. Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2B (SV2B), as a protein with important biological functions, has attracted much attention for its potential application as a potential molecular biomarker in early diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis evaluation of tumors. This article focuses on the biological characteristics, functions and possibilities of SV2B in early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of glioma, in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma.

Glioma is a common primary malignant brain neoplasms which is characterized with easy recurrence and poor prognosis. The overall survival of glioma patients is not satisfying. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) is an emerging low-toxicity treatment for solid neoplasms, and its technical basis is to form an anti-tumor electric field in a specific area. TTFields can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells through inhibiting cell mitosis, replicating stress, inducing autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibiting DNA damage and repair, and induce the cell death without affecting normal cells in the resting phase. At present, TTFields has been approved for various types of gliomas and is gradually becoming an effective treatment protocol for glioma following surgery, radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Many preclinical and clinical studies have confirmed that TTFields inhibits glioma cells and significantly increases the overall survival rates of patients.This paper reviews the progress of related researches.

Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor. At present, the conventional treatment methods have limited effect and cannot significantly prolong the survival time of patients. Chemokine CCL2 is the most important member of the CC chemokine family, which can regulate glioma angiogenesis, immunosuppression, progression and invasion, and resistance to apoptosis. This article reviews the potential mechanism of CCL2 promoting the malignant progression of glioma, in order to provide new ideas and methods for the targeted therapy of glioma.

Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is mainly involved in regulating collagen folding, secretion and maturation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is widely amplified in human cancers. HSP47 has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of extracranial tumors. In glioma, the expression of HSP47 correlates with the grading of glioma and is involved in proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and immune regulation of glioma, regulates the TME of glioma, and promotes the survival of glioma stem cells, which may be related to the heterogeneity of glioma. This article reviews the progress of HSP47 in the development and progression of glioma, and discusses the significances of HSP47 in the proliferation, invasion, targeted therapy and immunotherapy of glioma.

Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) is a group of heterogeneous cells and a major component of inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment. Parts of these cells in gliomas are derived from central nervous system microglia and circulating monocytes, and have been implicated in angiogenesis, immunosuppression, tumor progression and invasion of gliomas. This article reviews the potential mechanisms of TAM promoting glioma development through various pathways to provide new possibilities for targeted therapy of gliomas.

The application of biological technology and the deepening of tumor research have effectively improved the level of tumor diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcome prediction. However, the specific mechanisms of tumorigenesis and development are still unclear, and tumor drug resistance has also become an urgent problem that needs to be solved to improve the clinical outcome of patients. Considerable studies have shown that the extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) can promote tumorigenesis, development and drug resistance. EcDNA is a looser, rounded form of DNA with unique genetic properties that carry specific genes and regulatory elements. This paper will discuss the biological characteristics, tumor-promoting mechanisms and drug resistance-facilitating of ecDNA.