[Objective]To explore the function and clinical significance of pig bile in Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction.[Methods]The pathogenesis of Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction syndrome was re-sorted by combining with the pulse and the development of Shaoyin disease,to analyze the limitations in previous physicians'comprehension of the efficacy of pig bile in Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction,and further explore the key roles of pig bile in ancient medical texts and modern research.[Results]As the heart governs blood circulation,in the progression of Shaoyin disease,the pulse transitions from weak to absent,indicating a progressively increasing degree of Yang deficiency,the pathogenesis of heart-Yang desire removal was concluded as Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction.Previous physicians held the belief that pig bile possessed properties conducive to using corrigent and nourishing Yin,which may have contradicted ZHANG Zhongjing's original intentions.It had been proven that the heart and gallbladder were in contact,and the gallbladder's Qi was hidden in the bile,which had the effect of calming the heart's Yang.Pig as a water animal,pig bile was more effective than sheep bile in restricting the inner Yang,the use of bile in small quantities could cause the pulse to renew itself slightly,so that there was a chance of survival.[Conclusion]This understanding can better explain the connotation of the articles of Treatise on Febrile Diseases and expand the scope of clinical application of porcine bile,so as to provide a useful reference for better application of animal bile and bile concoctions of traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of cardiac diseases and even cardiac emergencies and critical illnesses.

[Objective]To explore the function and clinical significance of pig bile in Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction.[Methods]The pathogenesis of Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction syndrome was re-sorted by combining with the pulse and the development of Shaoyin disease,to analyze the limitations in previous physicians'comprehension of the efficacy of pig bile in Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction,and further explore the key roles of pig bile in ancient medical texts and modern research.[Results]As the heart governs blood circulation,in the progression of Shaoyin disease,the pulse transitions from weak to absent,indicating a progressively increasing degree of Yang deficiency,the pathogenesis of heart-Yang desire removal was concluded as Baitong Plus Pig Bile Decoction.Previous physicians held the belief that pig bile possessed properties conducive to using corrigent and nourishing Yin,which may have contradicted ZHANG Zhongjing's original intentions.It had been proven that the heart and gallbladder were in contact,and the gallbladder's Qi was hidden in the bile,which had the effect of calming the heart's Yang.Pig as a water animal,pig bile was more effective than sheep bile in restricting the inner Yang,the use of bile in small quantities could cause the pulse to renew itself slightly,so that there was a chance of survival.[Conclusion]This understanding can better explain the connotation of the articles of Treatise on Febrile Diseases and expand the scope of clinical application of porcine bile,so as to provide a useful reference for better application of animal bile and bile concoctions of traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of cardiac diseases and even cardiac emergencies and critical illnesses.

CD47 is a transmembrane glycoprotein widely expressed on cells and an important signal molecule for immune escape of tumor cells. CD47, which is highly expressed in bladder cancer cells, can interact with signal regulatory proteins on the surface of macrophages- α (SIRPα). It combines and transmits immunosuppressive signals to protect tumor cells from phagocytosis, thereby mediating their immune escape. CD47-SIRPα signal pathways have become the focus of tumor cell immune checkpoint research at this stage. This article reviewed the research progress in the mechanism and clinical value of CD47 in bladder cancer.