Objective To construct large medical model named by "Huaxi HongYi"and explore its application effectiveness in assisting medical record generation. Methods By the way of a full-chain medical large model construction paradigm of "data annotation - model training - scenario incubation", through strategies such as multimodal data fusion, domain adaptation training, and localization of hardware adaptation, "Huaxi HongYi" with 72 billion parameters was constructed. Combined with technologies such as speech recognition, knowledge graphs, and reinforcement learning, an application system for assisting in the generation of medical records was developed. Results Taking the assisted generation of discharge records as an example, in the pilot department, after using the application system, the average completion times of writing a medical records shortened (21 min vs. 5 min) with efficiency increased by 3.2 time, the accuracy rate of the model output reached 92.4%. Conclusion It is feasible for medical institutions to build independently controllable medical large models and incubate various applications based on these models, providing a reference pathway for artificial intelligence development in similar institutions.

Objective To observe the influence of different energy windows of the medium-energy general-purpose(MEGP)collimator on image quality,so as to optimize the energy window of yttrium-90(90Y)bremsstrahlung SPECT imaging.Methods 90Y bremsstrahlung spectrum was acquired,and the sensitivity,percentage of the source counts in useful field of view(S/FOV%)and signal-to-background ratio(S/B)of 90Y bremsstrahlung SPECT imaging at MEGP under different energy windows were compared.Results The energy spectrum of 90Y bremsstrahlung was a continuous curve,with the peak of 76.2 keV with MEGP collimator.The images obtained with MEGP collimator were clear,and no significant differences of S/FOV%nor S/B was found between 10%and 20%window width groups(both P＞0.05),but the sensitivities of the latter was higher than the former(P＜0.05).The sensitivity of 70-90 keV images was relatively high,while the S/FOV%and S/B had decreased.The S/FOV%and S/B of images ranging from 40-60 keV were high,but the sensitivity was low.Images acquired with 100 keV±20%showed fairly high sensitivity,S/FOV%and S/B,which was 69.73%,0.62 and 1.64,respectively.Conclusion When performing 90Y bremsstrahlung SPECT with MEGP collimator,the image quality at 20%window width was better than at 10%window width,and 100 keV±20%showed fairly high sensitivity and not significantly decreased S/FOV%and S/B.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

To present the clinical characteristics and the misdiagnosis rate of acute coronary syndrome manifested primarily as throat discomfort, we conducted a multicentric and retrospective study in the cardiology and otorhinolaryngology departments. Records of patients with primary complaint of throat discomfort, absence of chest pain at onset, and an ultimate diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, as well as patients with pharyngitis (as controls) were collected from May 2015 to April 2016. The patients' main manifestations were compared. Logistic regression results showed that chest tightness, dyspnea, perspiring, and exertional throat symptoms were significantly associated with acute coronary syndrome, with odds ratios of 8.3 (95% CI 2.2-31.5), 10.9 (95% CI 1.8-66.9), 25.4 (95% CI 3.6-179.9), and 81.2 (95% CI 13.0-506.7). A total of 25 (56.82%) out of 44 acute coronary syndrome patients, who were first admitted to the otorhinolaryngology department, were misdiagnosed, with a 12% (3/25) mortality rate. Throat discomfort can be the principal manifestation of acute coronary syndrome. Such patients exhibit high misdiagnosis and mortality rates. Exertional throat symptoms, chest tightness, perspiring, and dyspnea were important indicators of acute coronary syndrome in patients whose main complaint was throat discomfort. The awareness of this condition will result in prompt diagnosis and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Acute Coronary Syndrome/etiology* ; Dyspnea/etiology* ; Humans ; Pharyngitis/diagnosis* ; Pharynx ; Retrospective Studies

Cucurbitaceae is an important family of flowering plants containing multiple species of important food plants, such as melons, cucumbers, squashes, and pumpkins. However, a highly efficient genetic transformation system has not been established for most of these species (Nanasato and Tabei, 2020). Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), an economically important and globally cultivated fruit crop, is a model species for fruit quality research due to its rich diversity of fruit size, shape, flavor, aroma, texture, peel and flesh color, and nutritional composition (Guo et al., 2019). Through pan-genome sequencing, many candidate loci associated with fruit quality traits have been identified (Guo et al., 2019). However, few of these loci have been validated. The major barrier is the low transformation efficiency of the species, with only few successful cases of genetic transformation reported so far (Tian et al., 2017; Feng et al., 2021; Wang JF et al., 2021; Wang YP et al., 2021). For example, Tian et al. (2017) obtained only 16 transgenic lines from about 960 cotyledon fragments, yielding a transformation efficiency of 1.67%. Therefore, efficient genetic transformation could not only facilitate the functional genomic studies in watermelon as well as other horticultural species, but also speed up the transgenic and genome-editing breeding.
CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Citrullus/genetics* ; Cucurbitaceae/genetics* ; Gene Editing ; Plant Breeding ; Transformation, Genetic

To investigate the expression of xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 （） in papillary thyroid cancer （PTC） and its clinical implication. The HPA and UALCAN databases were used to explore the expression of XPR1 in PTC and normal tissues. The cBioPortal database was used to obtain the clinical data of PTC patients and gene expression profile. The correlation of expression with gender，age，sub-types，T stage，N stage，M stage and clinical stage of patients were analyzed. Cox regression was conducted to analysis the factors affecting the prognosis of PTC patients. The mutation of was assessed through cBioPortal database. GO and KEGG analyses were used to explore the related biological pathway of involved in PTC. HPA database analysis showed that XPR1 was highly expressed in PTC tissue compared with normal tissues. UALCAN analysis displayed that expression was significantly higher in PTC tissue compared with normal tissues （<0.01），and the highest and lowest expressions of were observed in tall cell and follicular sub-type of PTC，respectively. The expression of was correlated with age，sub-types，T stage，N stage and disease stage of PTC patients （<0.05 or <0.01），but was not correlated with gender and M stage （all >0.05）. Cox regression analysis showed that was an independent prognostic factor of PTC patients （=2.894，<0.05）. The cBioPortal database indicated that the mutation appeared in 6% PTC patients; the mutation type mainly was missense and the mutation point was located at the E615K. Enrichment analysis indicated that might affect the PTC progression through involvement in metabolic pathway. is highly expressed in PTC tissues，which is associated with the prognosis of patients. Metabolic pathway associated with might play an important role in PTC progression，indicating that might be a novel biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of PTC.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics* ; Receptors, Virus/genetics* ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/genetics* ; Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics*

Objective:To explore the value of dual-layer spectral detector CT in differentiating the diagnosis of lung cancer and inflammatory nodules.Methods:A total of 92 patients undergoing enhanced chest scan from March 2019 to September 2020 at Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, were retrospectively enrolled in the study. The conventional CT parameters, spectral CT parameters were measured and the nodules′ morphological characteristics were analyzed. Later the factors with statistical significance were identified as independent variables in a logistic regression model to establish models for predicting malignant nodules. ROC curve was used to assess the diagnostic performance for the conventional CT model, spectral CT parameters and combined model, respectively. Differences in the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were analyzed by the DeLong test.Results:Lobulated sign (42 and 8, respectively, χ2=10.779, P=0.001), short burr sign (41 and 7, respectively, χ2=11.911, P=0.001), pleural indentation sign (45 and 9 respectively, χ2=11.705, P=0.001), vascular convergence sign (35 and 8, respectively, χ2=5.337, P=0.021) and the venous phase iodine concentrations (IC) value [(2.1±0.5) mg/ml, (2.3±0.5) mg/ml, t=-2.464, P=0.016], normalized iodine concentrations (NIC) value (0.40±0.06, 0.45±0.08, t=-6.943, P<0.001), and Z-effective (Z eff) values (8.38±0.21, 8.49±0.19, t=-2.122, P=0.037) were significantly different between the lung cancer group and the inflammatory group, while other CT signs and CT indicators were not significantly different between the lung cancer group and the inflammatory group ( P>0.05). The conventional CT model was established with lobulated sign, short burr sign, pleural indentation sign, vascular convergence sign, and the AUC for differential diagnosis of lung cancer and inflammatory nodules was 0.827. The spectral CT parameter model was established with venous phase IC, venous phase NIC, and venous phase Z eff value, and the AUC for differential diagnosis of lung cancer and inflammatory nodules was 0.899. The conventional CT model combined spectral CT parameter model was established with the significant factors in the univariate analysis, and the AUC for differential diagnosis of lung cancer and inflammatory nodules was 0.925. The AUC of the combined model showed no significant difference from that of the spectral CT parameter model ( Z=1.794, P=0.073). However, AUC of the combined model was significantly higher than that of evaluation based on conventional CT alone ( Z=2.156, P=0.031). Conclusion:Spectral CT parameters combined with conventional CT signs can improve the differential diagnosis efficiency between lung cancer and inflammatory nodules.

Objective:To apply the best evidence of phaseⅠ cardiac rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) into clinical practice and evaluate its effects.Methods:Following the Australian Jonna Briggs Institute (JBI) clinical evidence program and evidence transformational practice application system, the evidence of phaseⅠ cardiac rehabilitation exercise after CABG was retrieved, screened and evaluated, and the review indicators were formulated. From September 2019 to February 2020, 41 nurses and 109 CABG patients from the Cardiovascular Surgery Ward of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected. The data of 56 patients were collected before the application of the best evidence, and those of 53 patients were collected after the application of the best evidence. The implementation rate of the review indicators, the degree of knowledge of the best evidence among nurses and patients, the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before and after the application of the best evidence were compared.Results:After the application of the evidence, the nurses' implementation rate of the 13 review indicators of phaseⅠ cardiac rehabilitation exercises was improved, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the nurses' exercise knowledge score increased from (53.66±14.01) points to (71.59±14.93) points; the patients' exercise knowledge score increased from (26.22±17.46) points to (60.49±15.52) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-5.61, -9.40; P<0.01) . After the application of the evidence, the patients' 6MWT distance increased from (241.82±72.05) m to (246.25±69.26) m, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-2.238, P<0.05) ; however, there was no statistically significant difference in LVEF before and after the application of the evidence ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:The clinical application of the best evidence for phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercises in CABG patients can standardize nurses' behaviors, improve nurses and patients' knowledge of evidence, and increase the 6MWT distance of CABG patients.

Objective To explore the expressions of c-Met and c-Src in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and its relationship with clinical pathological characters and prognosis. Methods The c-Met and c-Src expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry in 88 patients with NSCLC from April 2011 to January 2013. The relationship between the expressions of c-Met and c-Src and clinical pathological features and prognosis were analyzed. Results The c-Met and c-Src were all significantly expressed in NSCLC tissues, and no expression showed in interstitial and normal lung tissues. The expressions of c-Met and c-Src in patients with NSCLC were associated with sex, differentiation, pathology type, T staging and TNM staging (P<0.05 or <0.01); and the expression of c-Met was associated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). The expressions of c-Met and c-Src in patients with NSCLC were not associated with age, and the expression of c-Src was not associated with lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that the expressions of c-Met and c-Src in lung cancer tissues was positive correlation (r=0.662, P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the disease free survival time (DFS) and overall survival time (OS) in c-Met high expression patients (51 cases) were significantly shorter than those in c-Met low expression patients (37 cases): (18.08 ± 1.34) months vs. (23.76 ± 1.79) months and (33.63 ± 1.95) months vs. (42.24 ± 2.68) months, the DFS and OS in c-Src high expression patients (25 cases) were significantly shorter than those in c-Src low expression patients (63 cases): (16.96 ± 2.56) months vs. (21.86 ± 1.15) months and (27.84 ± 2.89) months vs. (40.98 ± 1.81) months, the DFS and OS in both c-Met and c-Src high expression patients (25 cases) were significantly shorter than those in both c-Met and c-Src low expression patients (37 cases): (16.96 ± 2.56) months vs. (23.76 ± 1.79) months and (27.84 ± 2.89) months vs. (42.24 ± 2.68) months, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Cox multiplicity result showed that T staging (RR=2.174, 95％CI 1.354 to 3.490, P=0.001) and high expressions of c-Met and c-Src (RR=1.447, 95％CI 1.114 to 1.880, P=0.006) were the independent risk factors of DFS in patients with NSCLC;pathology type (RR=0.610, 95％CI 0.377 to 0.986, P=0.044), T staging (RR=2.215, 95％CI 1.357 to 3.616, P=0.001) and high expressions of c-Met and c-Src (RR=1.979, 95％CI 1.455 to 2.692, P = 0.000) were the independent risk factors of OS in patients with NSCLC. Conclusions The c-Met and c-Src are involved in the development of NSCLC and affect the prognosis of patients with NSCLC.

Objective: To summarize the incidence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of basal cell nevus syndrome and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods : Retrospective analysis of 4 cases of basal cell nevus syndrome admitted to the General Hospital of PLA during January 2017 to January 2018 and recent cases reported in the literature. Results: In this study, 1 males and 3 females were included. The patients included a mother and her child. All 4 cases were surgically resected. Pathological reports included all keratocysts of the jaws. There has been no recurrence since follow-up. Through literature summarization and analysis, the clinical manifestations of this syndrome were found to be diverse. Typical clinical manifestations include multiple keratocysts of the jaws, multiple blepharospasms or cancers, deformities of the spine or ribs, increased brachial distance, eye diseases or special face intracranial calcification. Conclusion Basal cell nevus syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. The clinical manifestations are diverse and the diagnosis is often overlooked. The incidence of cysts in the jaws is one of the important clinical manifestations of this syndrome. Early diagnosis and proper treatment improve patient survival and quality of life.