Objective To systematically review and quantify the content and structure of the non-accompanied wards policy texts at the provincial level in China from the perspective of policy tools,providing references and insights for optimizing and implementing future policies.Methods Using the policy analysis tools as framework,it applies content ana lysis to construct a two-dimensional analytical framework with the X-dimension and Y-dimension.A total of 19 policy texts related to non-accompanied ward issued by provincial governments in China from January 2000 to August 2024 were coded and analyzed.Results A total of 141 entries were coded.In the X-dimension,supply-oriented,demand-oriented,and environment-oriented policy tools accounted for 21.28%,19.86%,and 58.86%,respectively,indicating a greater reliance on environmental-oriented policy tools;In the Y-dimension,policies from the"12th Five-Year Plan"(16.31%),"13th Five-Year Plan"(14.89%),and"14th Five-Year Plan"(68.80%)phases were analyzed.The number of policies in the"14th Five-Year Plan"phase was the highest among the three periods.Conclusion The policy framework for non-accompanied wards in China is still in its initial exploration phase and has room for improvement.It is recommended that future policies optimize the use of policy tools,strengthen coordination among them,and support the development of non-accompanied wards.

Cystic fibrosis(CF)is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations of the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR),which disrupts chloride ion transport across cell membranes,leading to multi-system involvement.The respiratory system is the most affected organ and the leading cause of mortality in affected children.With increased awareness and advancements in genetic testing,the number of diagnosed cases has increased in China.Notably,the genetic mutation profiles and clinical phenotypes of Chinese CF patients are significantly different from those reported in Western populations,posing challenges for clinical diagnosis and management.Currently,significant progress has been made in the treatment of CF in the international arena,with genotype-phenotype studies laying the foundation for personalized therapy,and small-molecule therapies such as CFTR modulators offering new hope for CF patients.This review summarizes the pathogenesis,clinical features,genotype-phenotype correlations,and therapeutic advancements in CF,aiming to enhance clinicians'understanding of the disease,reduce misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis,and facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.

Cystic fibrosis(CF)is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations of the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR),which disrupts chloride ion transport across cell membranes,leading to multi-system involvement.The respiratory system is the most affected organ and the leading cause of mortality in affected children.With increased awareness and advancements in genetic testing,the number of diagnosed cases has increased in China.Notably,the genetic mutation profiles and clinical phenotypes of Chinese CF patients are significantly different from those reported in Western populations,posing challenges for clinical diagnosis and management.Currently,significant progress has been made in the treatment of CF in the international arena,with genotype-phenotype studies laying the foundation for personalized therapy,and small-molecule therapies such as CFTR modulators offering new hope for CF patients.This review summarizes the pathogenesis,clinical features,genotype-phenotype correlations,and therapeutic advancements in CF,aiming to enhance clinicians'understanding of the disease,reduce misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis,and facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To systematically review and quantify the content and structure of the non-accompanied wards policy texts at the provincial level in China from the perspective of policy tools,providing references and insights for optimizing and implementing future policies.Methods Using the policy analysis tools as framework,it applies content ana lysis to construct a two-dimensional analytical framework with the X-dimension and Y-dimension.A total of 19 policy texts related to non-accompanied ward issued by provincial governments in China from January 2000 to August 2024 were coded and analyzed.Results A total of 141 entries were coded.In the X-dimension,supply-oriented,demand-oriented,and environment-oriented policy tools accounted for 21.28%,19.86%,and 58.86%,respectively,indicating a greater reliance on environmental-oriented policy tools;In the Y-dimension,policies from the"12th Five-Year Plan"(16.31%),"13th Five-Year Plan"(14.89%),and"14th Five-Year Plan"(68.80%)phases were analyzed.The number of policies in the"14th Five-Year Plan"phase was the highest among the three periods.Conclusion The policy framework for non-accompanied wards in China is still in its initial exploration phase and has room for improvement.It is recommended that future policies optimize the use of policy tools,strengthen coordination among them,and support the development of non-accompanied wards.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To investigate the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics of patients with Fabry disease caused by a GLA variant, IVS4+919G>A.Methods:It was a prospective study. Fabry disease screening was conducted among high-risk population in Ninghai from October 2021 to August 2023. Those children with decreased α-galactosidase enzyme activity<2.40 μmol/(L·h) or elavated Lyso-GL-3 level>1.10 μg/L in dried blood spot (DBS) method underwent GLA genetic testing for diagnosis confirmation. Meanwhile, family screening was carried out. A proband and his family members diagnosed with Fabry disease were research subjects. The clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with Fabry disease caused by the GLA variant (IVS4+919G>A) were analyzed.Results:The female proband aged 9.8 years with pain in both lower limbs as the initial symptom was found to have a heterozygous GLA variant IVS4+919G>A among 102 patients. In family screening, there were 4 family members (proband's father, elder sister, elder male cousin and elder female cousin) with Fabry disease and a family member (proband's fifth aunt) with a GLA variant. Among these 4 diagnosed family members, the elder male cousin of the proband, a boy aged 13.2 years had a heterozygous GLA variant, IVS4+919G>A with intermittent pain in both lower limbs as the initial symptom. The proband′s father had knee joint pain. The proband′s elder sister had decreased vision and his elder female cousin had no obvious symptoms. The proband′s fifth aunt with a GLA variant had decreased vision.Conclusions:High-risk screening in children and family screening are helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of Fabry disease. Neuropathic pain may be a early symptom in children with Fabry disease caused by the GLA variant, IVS4+919G>A.

Objective To conduct hazard vulnerability analysis(HVA)in a blood bank,aimed to identify high-risk e-vents and optimize emergency management measures.Methods The risk event evaluation index system was established by referring to the Kaiser model and the situation of Guangzhou Blood Center,and risk events were ranked by risk matrix and Borda count.Results The top five events with the highest risk values identified by Kaiser model were information system e-mergencies(39.61％),extreme weather(38.03％),major public sentiment(37.86％),public health events(37.37％)and policy changes(37.24％).The results of risk matrix and Borda count revealed 1 extremely high-risk indicator as information system emergency,5 high-risk indicators with the highest risk being major public sentiment,11 medium-risk indicators with the highest risk being major medical disputes and 1 low-risk indicator as external fires.Conclusion Conducting HVA in combination with the actual situation of blood banks can effectively identify high-risk events and provide theoretical basis for improving emergency management measures.

Objective:To construct an evaluation the index system of entrustable professional activities for resident training doctors in psychiatric department,and to provide reference for formulating training strategies and assessment standards.Entrustable professional activities refers to the ability of trainees to perform and complete spe-cific clinical tasks independently after they have been trusted.Methods:Through documental analysis and semi-structured interviews,the item database of entrustable professional activities for psychiatric resident training physi-cians was established.Delphi consultation was conducted among 63 experts in the field of psychiatry from 7 national resident training bases and 3 medical colleges in China.Indicators were comprehensively screened and sorted out,and indicators at all levels and their weights were determined by the analytic hierarchy process.Results:A hierarchi-cal evaluation index system of entrustable professional activities for psychiatric resident training doctors was con-structed,including 4 first-level indicators,17 second-level indicators and 68 third-level indicators.The weights of the first-level,second-level and third-level indicators were determined.Conclusion:The evaluation index system of en-trustable professional activities is comprehensive and systematic,which is suitable for clinical work and convenient for practical application.It could provide quantitative standards for the assessment of psychiatric residents and pro-mote the improvement of training quality.

Based on the content of medical professionalism and the theoretical model of knowledge, belief and practice, this paper used the methods of "inductive category construction" and "deductive category construction" to form the categories and analyze the text, taking the narrative materials of 112 "volunteer stars" outstanding individuals selected by the pre-medical student office of student affairs department of Peking University Health Science Center from 2019 to 2021 as the research subjects. The findings demonstrated that volunteer service had a positive effect on the cultivation of medical professionalism of medical freshmen, and played an effective role in guiding medical freshmen from the two dimensions of knowledge and belief, in which the role of medical voluntary service was more obvious. However, the breadth and depth of volunteer service in cultivating medical professionalism were limited. Based on this, this paper proposed that medical colleges and universities should emphasize voluntary service in the cultivation of medical professionalism, especially the development of medical voluntary service activities designed for medical students, and strengthen the cultivation effect by coordinating with other cultivation methods.

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of AIDET communication mode in informing blood donors of reactive viral markers results. 【Methods】 Blood donors who came FOR COUNSELLING AFTER NOTIFICATION OF THEIR REACTIVE SCREENING TEST RESULTS from Jan 2018 to Sep 2021 were selected as the subjects. They were divided into two groups according to the blood donation time and notification mode: control group who were notified by a conventional mode(n=128), from Jan 2018 to Dec 2019, and the experimental group(n=92) who were notified by AIDET mode, from Jan 2020 to Sep 2021. The anxiety state and degree of satisfaction to the notification were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 After attending COUNSELLING, the anxiety level of the experimental group was significantly lower, while the degree of satisfaction to the notification was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 AIDET communication mode established a standardized and effective communication channel and reduced the anxiety of blood donors WHEN NOTIFYING THE REACTIVE SCREENING TEST RESULTS. Moreover, it can enhance the trust and satisfaction between donors and medical staff as well as the quality of notification, which is of great significance to promote the healthy and continuous development of voluntary blood donation.