OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of picroside Ⅱ on the malignant progression of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. METHODS A549 cells were divided into the control group， picroside Ⅱ low-， medium- and high- concentration groups， K6PC-5 [sphingosine kinase 1 （SPHK1） activator] group， and picroside Ⅱ high-dose+K6PC-5 group. Cell proliferation， migration and invasion were detected. Besides， the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， MMP-9， SPHK1， sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 （S1PR3） and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2） protein in the cells were also observed. BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with A549 cell suspension to establish NSCLC xenograft models. Then they were assigned to the nude mouse-control group， nude mouse-picroside Ⅱ low-， medium- and high-dose groups， nude mouse-K6PC-5 group， and nude mouse-picroside Ⅱ high-dose+K6PC-5 group （with 5 mice in each group） to investigate the effect of picroside Ⅱ on their tumor mass and volume. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the OD450 values， EdU-positive cell rates， scratch healing rates， cell invasion number， and the relative expression levels of PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， SPHK1， S1PR3 and ERK1/2 protein in the low-， medium- and high-concentration groups of picroside Ⅱ were significantly decreased. Compared with the nude mouse-control group， the tumor mass and volume in the nude mouse-low-， medium- and high-dose groups of picroside Ⅱ were significantly decreased or shrunk. The changes of above indicators were concentration/dose-dependent （P＜0.05）. The changing trend of the corresponding indicators in the K6PC-5 ZYTS181） group and the nude mouse-K6PC-5 group was opposite （P＜0.05）. Compared with the picroside Ⅱ high-concentration group or the nude mice-picroside Ⅱ high-dose group， the above quantitative indicators in the picroside Ⅱ high- concentration+K6PC-5 group cells and the nude mouse-picroside Ⅱ high-dose+K6PC-5 group nude mice were significantly increased or enlarged （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Picroside Ⅱ may inhibit the malignant progression of NSCLC by inhibiting SPHK1/sphingosine-1-phosphate/S1PR3 signaling pathway.

Given that the existing methods of enhancing the resolution of magnetic resonance(MR)images by algorithms mainly focus on cross-size and same-size supervised super-resolution algorithms,a super-resolution reconstruction network(SG-Diffusion)for MR images is proposed based on an implicit degradation mapping model.The degradation process of MR images is implicitly modeled through a masked autoencoder,which reduces the domain gap between the experimental constructed dataset and the actual MR images,and the sample pairs are generated based on implicit degradation model.After training,a MR image reconstruction network based on self-guided diffusion model is obtained to realize the spatial resolution enhancement of unsupervised same-size MR images.The results of super-resolution experiments of 4-fold accelerated sampling brain MR images on fastMRI dataset show that the MR image super-resolution reconstruction network based on implicit degradation model proposed in the study can effectively improve the spatial resolution of degraded MR images,and that compared with the image degradation reconstruction method based on the explicit degradation model,the proposed SG-Diffusion method achieves better reconstruction results.

Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Smoke/adverse effects* ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution

One of the main mechanisms of tumorigenesis and development is silencing of the patient's immune response to cancer-specific antigens.The defect of cancer immune surveillance may occur at any stage of tumor progression.In the tumor micro-environment,the abnormal expression of the immune checkpoint molecules that have an activation or inhibition effect on T lymphocytes can cause immune tolerance or escape of tumor cells.Targeted immune checkpoint molecules such as PD-1(programmed cell death protein 1)and its ligand PD-L1,have been shown to be new directions for the treatment of many types of cancer.microRNAs(miR-NAs)play an important role in tumor microenvironment.Studies have shown that miRNAs are highly expressed in some tumors and play an important role in immune response,especially in early regulation.Therefore,miRNAs may be ideal candidates for the regula-tion of immune checkpoints in cancer therapy.The abnormal expression of multiple miRNAs in cancer cells provides new opportunities for cancer therapy,but the exact function of these miRNAs and their interaction with immune checkpoints are still in the exploratory phase.This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the use of miRNAs as molecular regulators of immune checkpoints and their potential applications in the treatment of cancer in clinical practice.

Objective To observe the turnaround time(TAT) of biochemistry laboratory in a certain hospital of Chongqing city,and to improve the quality of the laboratory by shortening the TAT.Methods TAT was analyzed by analyzing the daily workload,average TAT and failure rate of outpatient clinics,outpatient emergency,inpatient clinics,and inpatient emergency subjects from 2013 to 2015.The reasons for TAT prolongation were analyzed.Results The biochemical test samples were 77 060,97 129 and 105 304 from 2013 to 2015,and the annual growth rate was 26.0％ and 8.4％ respectively.TAT of the routine outpatient department samples were (78.55nu48.47)、(69.18± 37.20)、(62.82 ±21.62)min,which decreased year by year,and the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05),and the TAT of the outpatient emergency were (64.13 ± 31.16),(59.22 ± 23.51),(66.01±37.73)min.TAT of inpatient clinics were (92.34± 53.41),(95.03±55.73) and (122.92±78.94)min from 2013 to 2015,which increased year by year,and the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05),and the TAT of the inpatient emergency were(65.29±36.06),(62.41±30.18),(61.48±30.12)min,which decreased year by year,and the difference were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The substandard rate of samples aforementioned were 0.04％,2.99％,0.63％ and 3.69％,respectively.Conclusion TAT increases with the samples increase,it is necessary that making sure staffs more responsible in daily work,optimizing the procedure of daily biochemistry tests,improving ability of serving for clinic and patients.

Objective: To investigate the distribution patterns of arboviruses in Yunnan province near the China-Laos-Myanmar border, China, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of arboviruses diseases. Methods: Mosquito samples were collected in Daluo county of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and Zhengdong county of Pu’er city in Yunnan province, 2012. Viruses were isolated from the samples by tissue culture, positive isolates were identified by RT-PCR with arbovirus species-specific primers, for further sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: A total of 17 species of mosquitoes from 6 genera were collected. A total of 24 strains of viruses were isolated from the mosquito pools and identified as Tembusu virus (TMUV) (2 strains), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) (3 strains), Getah virus (GETV) (2 strains), Banna virus (BAV) (4 strains), Densovirus (DNV) (9 strains) and Nam Dinh virus (NDiV) (3 strains). Conclusions The China-Laos-Myanmar border of Yunnan province is rich in species of mosquitoes and arboviruses.

The quality control process throughout the Ebola virus nucleic acid detection in Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory (SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab) was described in detail, in order to comprehensively display the scientific, rigorous, accurate and efficient practice in detection of Ebola virus of first batch detection team in SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab. Firstly, the key points of laboratory quality control system was described, including the managements and organizing, quality control documents and information management, instrument, reagents and supplies, assessment, facilities design and space allocation, laboratory maintenance and biosecurity. Secondly, the application of quality control methods in the whole process of the Ebola virus detection, including before the test, during the test and after the test, was analyzed. The excellent and professional laboratory staffs, the implementation of humanized management are the cornerstone of the success; High-level biological safety protection is the premise for effective quality control and completion of Ebola virus detection tasks. And professional logistics is prerequisite for launching the laboratory diagnosis of Ebola virus. The establishment and running of SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab has landmark significance for the friendship between Sierra Leone and China, and the lab becomes the most important base for Ebola virus laboratory testing in Sierra Leone.
China ; Ebolavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; diagnosis ; virology ; Humans ; Laboratories ; manpower ; standards ; Laboratory Infection ; Quality Control ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sierra Leone

Immunoglobulin (Ig) is considered a part of the innate immune system and cooperates with the complementary system as the first line of defense. In this study, a monoclonal antibody (MAb) direct against the light chain of goose Ig (GoIgCL) was generated, characterized and identified in various immunoassays to detect goose Ig. An immunoaffinity chromatography column prepared with this MAb was used to separate the goose Ig from sera. After being conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), this MAb was used as the secondary antibody to evaluate the goose-specific antibody. In addition, this MAb distinguished and localized the SIg+ lymphocytes from peripheral blood lymphocytes. MAb against GoIgCL may be good candidate to detect or purify goose Ig under various conditions and as a powerful tool for humoral immunity research on goose.

To explore the spatial distribution mechanism of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), PhyML v3.0 was used to build phylogenetic tree using JEV sequences in the dataset. PAUP v4.0 and Migrapyhla softz ware were then used to analyze the migration events. The results showed that a total of 95 migration events were observed during the dispersal of JEV throughout Asia. Further analysis revealed that Thailand, and several Chinese provinces (including Shandong, Shanghai, Sichuan and Yunnan), were the main migration sources of JEV. JEV spread from these migration sources as follows: from Thailand to Australia, Cambodia, Tibet and India; from Shanghai to eastern coastal Asian regions and Yunnan; from Shandong to Korea, Zhejiang, Hubei, Shanxi and Liaoning; from Sichuan mainly to inland regions of China, as well as Vietnam and Japan; and from Yunnan to Zhejiang. This study indicated that frequent migration events occurred during the dispersal of JEV in the Asia and Pacific regions, and that Thailand, Shandong, Shanghai, Sichuan and Yunnan were the sources of JEV dispersal.
Asia ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; epidemiology ; transmission ; virology ; Phylogeny

Objective To explore the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in elderly men of different ages.Methods Totally 100 elderly outpatients with BPH in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2012 were recruited in this study.All patients were divided into 2 groups according to age:60-75 years(n =52) and 76-93 years (n=48).Fasting plasma glucose,fasting insulin (FINS) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were assayed.Insulin resistance index (IRI) was calculated by using the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) software.The body height,body weight,waist circumference were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated.Prostate volume (PV) was measured by abdominal ultrasound.Clinical data were compared between the two groups.Based on HOMA2-IR,patients were divided into insulin resistant group (IR＞ 1.7) and non insulin resistant group (IR＜ 1.7).Serum PSA,PV and waist circumference were compared between the two groups.Results The waist circumference and PV were significantly larger in insulin resistant group than in non-insulin resistant group [(96.6± 7.2) cm vs.(93.1±8.9) cm,(50.0±9.0) ml vs.(46.1±7.8) ml,respectively,P＜0.01,0.05].However,the PSA level was lower in insulin resistant group than in non-insulin resistant group [(1.44±1.08) μg/L vs.(2.1 ±2.0)μg/L,P＜0.05],and no correlation was found between HOMA-IR and PV.There was no correlation between serum PSA levels and PV in patients aged 76-93 years.In patients aged 60-75 years,PSA level was positively correlated with PV (r =0.52,P＜0.05) and negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.38,P＜0.05).Conclusions Serum PSA level is positively correlated with PV and negatively correlated with HOMA IR in BPH patients under 75 years old.