Objective To elucidate the molecular mechanism of sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis in human renal tubular epithelial cells. Methods Cells were stimulated with different concentrations of H₂O₂ and divided into four groups: control (NC), 50 μmol/L H₂O₂, 110 μmol/L H₂O₂ and 150 μmol/L H₂O₂. SIRT3 protein expression was then measured. SIRT3 was knocked down with siRNA, and cells were further assigned to five groups: control (NC), negative-control siRNA (NCsi), SIRT3-siRNA (siSIRT3), NCsi+H₂O₂, and siSIRT3+H₂O₂. After 24 h, cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and mitochondrial superoxide anion (O₂•⁻) levels were determined, together with mitochondrial expression of SIRT3, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), acetylated-SOD2 and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1). Results The 110 and 150 μmol/L H₂O₂ decreased SIRT3 protein (both P<0.05). ATP and mitochondrial O₂•⁻ did not differ between NC and NCsi groups (both P>0.05). Compared to the NCsi group, the siSIRT3 group exhibited elevated O₂•⁻ level, decreased SIRT3 protein and increased expression levels of SOD2 and acetylated SOD2 protein (all P<0.05). Compared to the NCsi group, the NCsi+H₂O₂ group exhibited decreased cellular ATP levels, elevated mitochondrial O₂•⁻ levels, and reduced protein expression levels of SIRT3, SOD2, TFAM, AMPKα1, PGC-1α and NRF1 (all P<0.05). Compared with the siSIRT3 group, the siSIRT3+H₂O₂ group showed a decrease in cellular ATP levels, an increase in mitochondrial O₂•⁻ levels, a decrease in SIRT3, SOD2, TFAM, AMPKα1, PGC-1α and NRF1 protein expression levels and a decrease in acetylated SOD2 protein expression levels (all P<0.05). Compared with the NCsi+H₂O₂ group, the siSIRT3+H₂O₂ group showed a decrease in cellular ATP levels, an increase in mitochondrial O₂•⁻ levels, a decrease in SIRT3, AMPKα1, PGC-1α and NRF1, TFAM protein expression levels, and an increase in SOD2 and acetylated SOD2 protein expression levels (all P<0.05). Conclusions SIRT3 promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in tubular epithelial cells via the AMPK/PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM axis, representing a key mechanism through which SIRT3 ameliorates oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.

Objective To analyze the disease composition of pediatric inpatients in a specific hospital and provide a sci-entific basis for the prevention,treatment,and rational allocation of medical resources within the jurisdiction.Methods Diagno-sis and treatment information of pediatric inpatients from January 1,2019,to May 31,2023,was collected via the hospital's medical record quality control system.A retrospective analysis was conducted on the disease composition and its changes among inpatients.Results The pediatric department of the hospital treated a total of 4 939 children,involving 16 categories and 83 types of diseases.Among them,the top three categories of diseases in terms of composition,from high to low,were respiratory system diseases,digestive system diseases,and oral diseases.From 2019 to 2022 and from January to May 2023,the top three categories of diseases in terms of composition,from high to low,were consistently:respiratory system diseases,digestive system diseases,and oral diseases.In the period from January to May 2023,the composition of respiratory system diseases decreased by 8.09％compared to 2019-2022;the composition of digestive system diseases increased by 8.00％compared to 2019-2022;and the composition of oral diseases decreased by 0.13％compared to 2019-2022.Conclusion Respiratory and digestive system diseases,as well as oral diseases,are critical areas for pediatric disease prevention and treatment within this jurisdiction.It is recommended that local health administrative departments optimize the allocation of medical resources,enhance preventive meas-ures,diagnosis,and treatment,and establish a robust health defense system for children in the region.

Objective To analyze the disease composition of pediatric inpatients in a specific hospital and provide a sci-entific basis for the prevention,treatment,and rational allocation of medical resources within the jurisdiction.Methods Diagno-sis and treatment information of pediatric inpatients from January 1,2019,to May 31,2023,was collected via the hospital's medical record quality control system.A retrospective analysis was conducted on the disease composition and its changes among inpatients.Results The pediatric department of the hospital treated a total of 4 939 children,involving 16 categories and 83 types of diseases.Among them,the top three categories of diseases in terms of composition,from high to low,were respiratory system diseases,digestive system diseases,and oral diseases.From 2019 to 2022 and from January to May 2023,the top three categories of diseases in terms of composition,from high to low,were consistently:respiratory system diseases,digestive system diseases,and oral diseases.In the period from January to May 2023,the composition of respiratory system diseases decreased by 8.09％compared to 2019-2022;the composition of digestive system diseases increased by 8.00％compared to 2019-2022;and the composition of oral diseases decreased by 0.13％compared to 2019-2022.Conclusion Respiratory and digestive system diseases,as well as oral diseases,are critical areas for pediatric disease prevention and treatment within this jurisdiction.It is recommended that local health administrative departments optimize the allocation of medical resources,enhance preventive meas-ures,diagnosis,and treatment,and establish a robust health defense system for children in the region.