OBJECTIVE To establish HPLC fingerprints of three drying processes(Atmospheric pressure drying,Decompression drying,Freeze-drying)of Danggui Buxue granules,and combine them with antioxidant tests to determine the optimal drying process and main active components of Danggui Buxue granules.METHODS The fingerprints of multiple batches of Danggui Buxue granules were established by HPLC;the"Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatogram"was used to evaluate the similarity;Hierarchical Cluster Analysis(HCA)and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)were used to characterize the different drying processes of Danggui Buxue granules;evaluate the antioxidant activity of Danggui Buxue granules in different drying processes using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy(DPPH)and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt(ABTS)free radical scavenging method;the spectrum-effect relationship between Danggui Buxue granules fingerprint and antioxi-dant activity was analyzed by grey correlation degree and Pearson,Spearman,Kendall's tau-b correlation analysis methods.RE-SULTS The results of fingerprint showed that there were 16 common peaks in 30 batches of Danggui Buxue granules,and 6 of them were identified by comparison.The results of Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis showed that 30 batches of Danggui buxue granules were divided into 3 categories,and the difference between the groups of atmospheric pressure drying was the least.The results of oxidation test showed that different drying processes of Danggui Buxue granules had good antioxidant activity,and the atmos-pheric pressure drying had the lowest IC50 and the strongest antioxidant activity.Finally,combining the results of gray correlation anal-ysis and correlation analysis,the compounds F2,F10,F13(calycosin),F15(formononetin),F16 might be important characteristic peaks reflecting the antioxidant activity of Danggui Buxue granules.CONCLUSION Compared with other drying processes,atmos-pheric pressure drying has higher batch consistency and stronger antioxidant activity,and can be used as the preferred drying process for Danggui Buxue granules,and components 2,10,13,15 and 16 are the main active ingredients for Danggui Buxue granules to exert antioxidant effects.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze a Chinese pedigree with Hereditary coagulation factor Ⅻ (FⅫ) deficiency duo to variants of F12 gene and explore its molecular pathogenesis. METHODS: A patient who underwent laparoscopic cystectomy at the Department of Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in June 2012 was selected as the study subject. Coagulation factor indexes of the proband and her family members (5 individuals from three generations) were determined. All exons, flanking sequences, 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the F12 gene of the proband and her family members were analyzed by direct sequencing. Three bioinformatics software was used to analyze the conservation, pathogenicity and protein model of the variant. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2012-17). RESULTS: The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), FⅫ activity (FⅫ:C) and FⅫ antigen (FⅫ:Ag) of the proband was 180.0 s, 1.0% and 2.1%, respectively. DNA sequencing revealed that she has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the F12 gene, namely c.712_713insT (p.Cys238Leufs *73) in exon 8 and c.1561G>A (p.Glu521Lys) in exon 13. Her mother and younger son were heterozygous for the p.Cys238Leufs*73 variant, while her older son was heterozygous for the p.Glu521Lys variant. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that Cys238 is highly conserved and p.Cys238Leufs*73 is a pathogenic variant, which eventually resulted in a truncated protein. CONCLUSION The c.712_713insT and c.1561G>A compound heterozygous variants of the F12 gene probably underlay the decreased FⅫ level in this pedigree, among which c.712_713insT (NM_000505) was unreported previously.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Base Sequence ; China ; Factor XII/genetics* ; Heterozygote ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Factor XII Deficiency/genetics* ; East Asian People

Objective:To analyze a Chinese pedigree with Hereditary coagulation factor Ⅻ (FⅫ) deficiency duo to variants of F12 gene and explore its molecular pathogenesis. Methods:A patient who underwent laparoscopic cystectomy at the Department of Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in June 2012 was selected as the study subject. Coagulation factor indexes of the proband and her family members (5 individuals from three generations) were determined. All exons, flanking sequences, 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of the F12 gene of the proband and her family members were analyzed by direct sequencing. Three bioinformatics software was used to analyze the conservation, pathogenicity and protein model of the variant. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2012-17). Results:The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), FⅫ activity (FⅫ: C) and FⅫ antigen (FⅫ: Ag) of the proband was 180.0 s, 1.0% and 2.1%, respectively. DNA sequencing revealed that she has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the F12 gene, namely c. 712_713insT (p.Cys238Leufs *73) in exon 8 and c. 1561G>A (p.Glu521Lys) in exon 13. Her mother and younger son were heterozygous for the p. Cys238Leufs*73 variant, while her older son was heterozygous for the p. Glu521Lys variant. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that Cys238 is highly conserved and p. Cys238Leufs*73 is a pathogenic variant, which eventually resulted in a truncated protein. Conclusion:The c. 712_713insT and c. 1561G>A compound heterozygous variants of the F12 gene probably underlay the decreased FⅫ level in this pedigree, among which c. 712_713insT (NM_000505) was unreported previously.

OBJECTIVE To establish HPLC fingerprints of three drying processes(Atmospheric pressure drying,Decompression drying,Freeze-drying)of Danggui Buxue granules,and combine them with antioxidant tests to determine the optimal drying process and main active components of Danggui Buxue granules.METHODS The fingerprints of multiple batches of Danggui Buxue granules were established by HPLC;the"Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatogram"was used to evaluate the similarity;Hierarchical Cluster Analysis(HCA)and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)were used to characterize the different drying processes of Danggui Buxue granules;evaluate the antioxidant activity of Danggui Buxue granules in different drying processes using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy(DPPH)and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt(ABTS)free radical scavenging method;the spectrum-effect relationship between Danggui Buxue granules fingerprint and antioxi-dant activity was analyzed by grey correlation degree and Pearson,Spearman,Kendall's tau-b correlation analysis methods.RE-SULTS The results of fingerprint showed that there were 16 common peaks in 30 batches of Danggui Buxue granules,and 6 of them were identified by comparison.The results of Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis showed that 30 batches of Danggui buxue granules were divided into 3 categories,and the difference between the groups of atmospheric pressure drying was the least.The results of oxidation test showed that different drying processes of Danggui Buxue granules had good antioxidant activity,and the atmos-pheric pressure drying had the lowest IC50 and the strongest antioxidant activity.Finally,combining the results of gray correlation anal-ysis and correlation analysis,the compounds F2,F10,F13(calycosin),F15(formononetin),F16 might be important characteristic peaks reflecting the antioxidant activity of Danggui Buxue granules.CONCLUSION Compared with other drying processes,atmos-pheric pressure drying has higher batch consistency and stronger antioxidant activity,and can be used as the preferred drying process for Danggui Buxue granules,and components 2,10,13,15 and 16 are the main active ingredients for Danggui Buxue granules to exert antioxidant effects.

Objective:To analyze a Chinese pedigree with Hereditary coagulation factor Ⅻ (FⅫ) deficiency duo to variants of F12 gene and explore its molecular pathogenesis. Methods:A patient who underwent laparoscopic cystectomy at the Department of Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in June 2012 was selected as the study subject. Coagulation factor indexes of the proband and her family members (5 individuals from three generations) were determined. All exons, flanking sequences, 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of the F12 gene of the proband and her family members were analyzed by direct sequencing. Three bioinformatics software was used to analyze the conservation, pathogenicity and protein model of the variant. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2012-17). Results:The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), FⅫ activity (FⅫ: C) and FⅫ antigen (FⅫ: Ag) of the proband was 180.0 s, 1.0% and 2.1%, respectively. DNA sequencing revealed that she has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the F12 gene, namely c. 712_713insT (p.Cys238Leufs *73) in exon 8 and c. 1561G>A (p.Glu521Lys) in exon 13. Her mother and younger son were heterozygous for the p. Cys238Leufs*73 variant, while her older son was heterozygous for the p. Glu521Lys variant. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that Cys238 is highly conserved and p. Cys238Leufs*73 is a pathogenic variant, which eventually resulted in a truncated protein. Conclusion:The c. 712_713insT and c. 1561G>A compound heterozygous variants of the F12 gene probably underlay the decreased FⅫ level in this pedigree, among which c. 712_713insT (NM_000505) was unreported previously.

The impeller, as a key component of artificial heart pumps, experiences high shear stress due to its rapid rotation, which may lead to hemolysis. To enhance the hemolytic performance of artificial heart pumps and identify the optimal combination of blade parameters, an optimization design for existing pump blades is conducted. The number of blades, outlet angle, and blade thickness were selected as design variables, with the maximum shear stress within the pump serving as the optimization objective. A back propagation (BP) neural network prediction model was established using existing simulation data, and a grey wolf optimization algorithm was employed to optimize the blade parameters. The results indicated that the optimized blade parameters consisted of 7 impeller blades, an outlet angle of 25 °, and a blade thickness of 1.2 mm; this configuration achieved a maximum shear stress value of 377 Pa-representing a reduction of 16% compared to the original model. Simulation analysis revealed that in comparison to the original model, regions with high shear stress at locations such as the outer edge, root, and base significantly decreased following optimization efforts, thus leading to marked improvements in hemolytic performance. The coupling algorithm employed in this study has significantly reduced the workload associated with modeling and simulation, while also enhancing the performance of optimization objectives. Compared to traditional optimization algorithms, it demonstrates distinct advantages, thereby providing a novel approach for investigating parameter optimization issues related to centrifugal artificial heart pumps.
Neural Networks, Computer ; Algorithms ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Equipment Design ; Stress, Mechanical ; Computer Simulation

With bio-materials being widely applied in clinical practice, acellular dermal matrix (ADM), one of the most competitive techniques in tissue engineering, has been developed rapidly in recent years, gaining popularity for its advantages in clinical application. What’s more, micronized acellular dermal matrix (mADM) has received an increasing amount of attention for its unique morphological characteristics, particularly in the field of cosmetic injection. Compared with other techniques, mADM has the advantages of great safety and sustainability, with less minimal invasion. However, further practical validation is still needed to determine the most suitable media for mADM injection as well as the most appropriate ratio of media to mADM transplantation. This paper reviews the relevant research findings.

Primary biliary cholangitis （PBC） is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by progressive and non-purulent inflammation of small- and medium-sized bile ducts in the liver. Recent studies have shown that abnormal lipid metabolism is relatively common in patients with PBC， and 76% of PBC patients have dyslipidemia. The effects and harms of dyslipidemia have attracted much attention. Lipid metabolism disorders play an important role in the progression of PBC. This article mainly reviews the research advances in the manifestation， role， diagnosis， and treatment of lipid metabolism disorders in PBC， so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of PBC.

Efferocytosis refers to the process by which apoptotic cells are engulfed and cleared by phagocytes， including professional phagocytes， such as macrophages and dendritic cells， and non-professional phagocytes， such as epithelial cells. Liver macrophages are the main cells with the function of efferocytosis in the liver. In recent years， an increasing number of studies have shown that various acute and chronic liver diseases are associated with the efferocytosis function of liver macrophages， including acute liver injury， alcoholic liver disease， nonalcoholic fatty liver disease， autoimmune liver disease， liver fibrosis， and liver cancer. This article elaborates on the expression of molecules associated with the efferocytosis function of macrophages， the process of efferocytosis， and the role of efferocytosis function in different liver diseases， so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of liver diseases.