China is currently experiencing rapid population aging,leading to a significant expansion of the elderly demographic.This aging process is accompanied by cognitive,motor,and sensory function decline and diseases,resulting in an increasing number of elderly individuals with disabilities.To address this challenge,extended reality technology offers a personalized,motivating,and human-computer interactive training environment that can effectively tackle the obstacles hindering active health and disability prevention in the elderly,such as inadequate infrastructure and motivation.This review summarized the current research status and effectiveness of extended reality technology in preventing disability among the elderly.Additionally,the review discusses the limitations and future prospects of extended reality technology in the context of elderly disability prevention,aiming to provide guidance for preventing disability in the elderly and promoting healthy aging.

Analyzing the distribution characteristics of allergen sIgE in the serum of patients with respiratory and skin mucosal diseases in Shanghai City, and to provide epidemiological characteristics and diagnostic basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic respiratory and dermo-mucous diseases in Shanghai City. Adopting cross-sectional research, a total of 3 822 patients who received treatment in Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 2022 to July 2023 due to respiratory diseases or skin and dermo-mucous symptoms were included. Among them, there were 1 456 males and 2 366 females, with an age range of 1-97 years old. The median age (interquartile range) was 33 (27, 44) years old. The sIgE was detected by using immunoblotting. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 22.0 software, and the comparison of count data (rates) between groups was conducted using χ 2 test. The results showed that a total of 3 377 (88.4%) cases among 3 822 patients were at least one allergen sIgE positive, and 72.9% (2 788/3 822) of them were multiple allergies sIgE positive. The top five allergen sIgE positive rates were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (37.9%, 1 447/3 822), Dermatophagoides farinae (32.1%, 1 225/3 822), milk (31.7%, 1 211/3 822), fungi (28.3%, 1 080/3 822), and Blomia tropicdis (23.8%, 909/3 822), with only milk was a kind of food allergen. The highest positive rates within the respiratory system disease group or dermo-mucous disease group were also these five allergens, without any difference in disease categories. The positive rates of cat dandruff, Humulusscandens, and juniper/birch in the respiratory system disease group were significantly higher than those in the skin and mucous membrane disease group, while the positive rates of shrimp/crab were relatively low (11.3% vs 14.9%, χ 2=9.616, P=0.002). Whether in the respiratory system disease group or the dermo-mucous disease group, the positive rates of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in male patients were significantly higher than those of females(42.6% vs 35.7%,41.0% vs 34.4%), with statistical significance ( χ 2=12.515, P<0.001; χ 2=5.143, P=0.023), And the three allergens, Dermatophagoides farinae, cat dander, and egg white allergens are also characterized by this feature.In addition, the positive rates of milk(33.8% vs 30.1%, χ 2=3.911, P=0.048), shrimp/crab(13.2% vs 10.0%, χ 2=6.423, P=0.014) in the respiratory system disease group were higher in males than in females, while in the dermo-mucous disease group, dog dander(20.5% vs 14.6%, χ 2=6.726, P=0.010) and peanuts/soybeans(10.5% vs 6.9%, χ 2=4.698, P=0.030) showed this phenomenon. In both the respiratory system disease group and the dermo-mucous disease group, there were 6 types of inhaled allergens (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Blomia tropicdis, cat dandruff, dog dander, fungi) and 4 types of food allergens (egg yolks, egg white allergens, milk, shrimp/crab). However, the positivity rate of Aspergillus fumigatus (7.2% vs 9.3% vs 10.5% vs 15.7%, χ 2=10.996, P=0.012)in the respiratory disease group and cockroaches(4.2% vs 11.3% vs 9.6% vs 16.4%, χ 2=10.237, P=0.017) in the skin and mucosal disease group was the lowest in the underage group. There are seasonal differences in the positivity rates of allergens, with most allergens having significantly higher positivity rates in summer and autumn. In conclusion, the most common allergens sIgE positive in patients with respiratory and dermo-mucous diseases in Shanghai City are Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, milk, fungi, and Blomia tropicdis. The trend of allergen sIgE prevalence in the two major categories of diseases is basically consistent. Allergen sIgE distribution varies among patient populations of different gender, age or season, and clinical prevention and treatment can be based on the results of serum allergen testing.

Objective:To summarize the best evidence for home self-volume monitoring in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), so as to provide evidence for accurate monitoring of volume status.Methods:Computer search was conducted for literature on home self-volume monitoring in CHF patients in UpToDate, BMJ best practice, Guidelines International Network, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc and other websites and databases. The search period was from establishment of databases to August 31, 2023. After the quality evaluation of various literatures, the evidence was extracted and summarized.Results:A total of 21 literatures were included, and 24 pieces of evidence were summarized from 4 aspects, including monitoring objectives, monitoring content and methods, health education and resource integration and support.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for home self-monitoring of CHF patients, which is beneficial for nursing staff to provide a basis for providing patients with home self-monitoring plans, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of patient self-monitoring.

Zinc is an important regulator of various biological processes such as protein synthesis,cell proliferation,migration and autophagy.The zinc transporter ZIP13(SLC39A13)is a homodimeric metal transporter functioning in transport of zinc,iron,and calcium plasma in body.ZIP13 is involved in disease by regulating zinc homeostasis,such as the key role of ZIP13 in connective tissue development because it is involved in the BMP/TGF-β signaling pathway.ZIP13 promotes the metastasis of human ovarian cancer cells by activating the Src/FAK signaling pathway and ZIP13 inhibits the biogenesis and energy expenditure of beige adipocytes by regulating C/EBP-β expression.

Analyzing the distribution characteristics of allergen sIgE in the serum of patients with respiratory and skin mucosal diseases in Shanghai City, and to provide epidemiological characteristics and diagnostic basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic respiratory and dermo-mucous diseases in Shanghai City. Adopting cross-sectional research, a total of 3 822 patients who received treatment in Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 2022 to July 2023 due to respiratory diseases or skin and dermo-mucous symptoms were included. Among them, there were 1 456 males and 2 366 females, with an age range of 1-97 years old. The median age (interquartile range) was 33 (27, 44) years old. The sIgE was detected by using immunoblotting. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 22.0 software, and the comparison of count data (rates) between groups was conducted using χ 2 test. The results showed that a total of 3 377 (88.4%) cases among 3 822 patients were at least one allergen sIgE positive, and 72.9% (2 788/3 822) of them were multiple allergies sIgE positive. The top five allergen sIgE positive rates were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (37.9%, 1 447/3 822), Dermatophagoides farinae (32.1%, 1 225/3 822), milk (31.7%, 1 211/3 822), fungi (28.3%, 1 080/3 822), and Blomia tropicdis (23.8%, 909/3 822), with only milk was a kind of food allergen. The highest positive rates within the respiratory system disease group or dermo-mucous disease group were also these five allergens, without any difference in disease categories. The positive rates of cat dandruff, Humulusscandens, and juniper/birch in the respiratory system disease group were significantly higher than those in the skin and mucous membrane disease group, while the positive rates of shrimp/crab were relatively low (11.3% vs 14.9%, χ 2=9.616, P=0.002). Whether in the respiratory system disease group or the dermo-mucous disease group, the positive rates of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in male patients were significantly higher than those of females(42.6% vs 35.7%,41.0% vs 34.4%), with statistical significance ( χ 2=12.515, P<0.001; χ 2=5.143, P=0.023), And the three allergens, Dermatophagoides farinae, cat dander, and egg white allergens are also characterized by this feature.In addition, the positive rates of milk(33.8% vs 30.1%, χ 2=3.911, P=0.048), shrimp/crab(13.2% vs 10.0%, χ 2=6.423, P=0.014) in the respiratory system disease group were higher in males than in females, while in the dermo-mucous disease group, dog dander(20.5% vs 14.6%, χ 2=6.726, P=0.010) and peanuts/soybeans(10.5% vs 6.9%, χ 2=4.698, P=0.030) showed this phenomenon. In both the respiratory system disease group and the dermo-mucous disease group, there were 6 types of inhaled allergens (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Blomia tropicdis, cat dandruff, dog dander, fungi) and 4 types of food allergens (egg yolks, egg white allergens, milk, shrimp/crab). However, the positivity rate of Aspergillus fumigatus (7.2% vs 9.3% vs 10.5% vs 15.7%, χ 2=10.996, P=0.012)in the respiratory disease group and cockroaches(4.2% vs 11.3% vs 9.6% vs 16.4%, χ 2=10.237, P=0.017) in the skin and mucosal disease group was the lowest in the underage group. There are seasonal differences in the positivity rates of allergens, with most allergens having significantly higher positivity rates in summer and autumn. In conclusion, the most common allergens sIgE positive in patients with respiratory and dermo-mucous diseases in Shanghai City are Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, milk, fungi, and Blomia tropicdis. The trend of allergen sIgE prevalence in the two major categories of diseases is basically consistent. Allergen sIgE distribution varies among patient populations of different gender, age or season, and clinical prevention and treatment can be based on the results of serum allergen testing.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features, gene mutations and experience of standardized enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) of Pompe disease (PD) in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 13 children with PD, who were hospitalized in Qingdao Women and Children′s Hospital from December 2016 to August 2021.According to the age at onset, the children were divided into the infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) group and late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) group.At the same time, they were divided into the ERT group and non-ERT group according to whether recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase (rhGAA) was infused.Furthermore, the ERT group was divided into the standard ERT group and non-standard ERT group.The standard ERT group received a dose of 20 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 52 weeks.The survival rate was compared between groups by using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results:Among the 13 children with PD, there were 7 males and 6 females.Ten cases belonged to the IOPD group and 3 cases belonged to the LOPD group.The most common cause of initial consultation in the IOPD group was cardiac involvement, which accounted for 60.0% (6/10 cases), while the LOPD group mainly presented with myasthenia, cardiac involvement and respiratory tract infection at the first diagnosis.The serum level of creatine kinase (CK) in all cases increased to varying degrees.Acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) was completely deficient in 1 case and decreased in 12 cases.All the children in the IOPD group showed myocardial hypertrophy, electrocardiograph (ECG) suggested a short PR interval, increased QRS voltage and extensive T-wave inversion.Three new mutations were found by GAA gene analysis, and they were c. 1861T>G (p.Trp621Gly), c.2278A>T (p.K760X), and c. 949G>A (p.A317T). Five cases in the IOPD group were given ERT.Two of them were given standard ERT for 52 weeks, and the other 3 cases were treated with non-standard ERT.At the end of follow-up, 2 cases treated with standardized ERT survived and the remaining 8 cases died of heart failure or respiratory failure.In the LOPD group, only 1 case was given ERT one time.Finally, 2 cases survived and one died of respiratory failure.The total fatality rate was 69.2%(9/13 cases). The survival rate of the ERT group (50.0%) and standard ERT group (100.0%) was significantly higher than that of the non-ERT group (14.3%) ( Log Rank P=0.037, 0.044). Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of PD are diverse.GAA activity examination and GAA gene analysis are important for clinical diagnosis of PD.Standardized ERT can significantly delay the progression of PD and even reverse myocardial hypertrophy in children with IOPD.

To address the increasing need for detecting and validating protein biomarkers in clinical specimens, mass spectrometry (MS)-based targeted proteomic techniques, including the selected reaction monitoring (SRM), parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and massively parallel data-independent acquisition (DIA), have been developed. For optimal performance, they require the fragment ion spectra of targeted peptides as prior knowledge. In this report, we describe a MS pipe-line and spectral resource to support targeted proteomics studies for human tissue samples. To build the spectral resource, we integrated common open-source MS computational tools to assemble a freely accessible computational workflow based on Docker. We then applied the workflow to gen-erate DPHL, a comprehensive DIA pan-human library, from 1096 data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS raw files for 16 types of cancer samples. This extensive spectral resource was then applied to a proteomic study of 17 prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Thereafter, PRM validation was applied to a larger study of 57 PCa patients and the differential expression of three proteins in prostate tumor was validated. As a second application, the DPHL spectral resource was applied to a study consisting of plasma samples from 19 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and 18 healthy control subjects. Differentially expressed proteins between DLBCL patients and healthy control subjects were detected by DIA-MS and confirmed by PRM. These data demonstrate that the DPHL supports DIA and PRM MS pipelines for robust protein biomarker discovery. DPHL is freely accessible at https://www.iprox.org/page/project.html?id=IPX0001400000.