BACKGROUND:With the development of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology,zirconia abutments with a titanium base are widely used in clinic due to its good application advantages,but there are still some problems and a lack of consensus design standards. OBJECTIVE:To review the fabrication methods of Ti-base zirconia abutment,and the effect of abutment connection,emergence design,abutment angle,and bonding on mechanical properties of Ti-base zirconia abutment. METHODS:Relevant literature published from 2010 to 2023 was searched in CNKI and PubMed databases with the search terms"zirconia abutment,titanium base"in Chinese and English,respectively.The search time limit was extended for some classical literature.The relevant literature was obtained through inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 57 eligible documents were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:It is recommended that clinicians try to select antirotational titanium bases or rotational titanium bases with a Morse taper connection.Implants should be placed in the correct axial angulation of not more than 15° or with an inclination to the palatal side when using angled zirconia abutments.When a≥30° labial inclination is followed for implant placement,the bite force must be decreased effectively to reduce the risk of mechanical and biological complications of implants,abutments,and prostheses.Ti-base zirconia abutments with a higher gingival height should be selected,and its restorative angle should not exceed 40°.Multilink Hybrid Abutment could be the first choice for extraoral bonding of zirconia abutment to titanium bases.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the inner experiences of cancer patients when confronting financial toxicity through a Meta-analytical approach. The goal is to provide evidence-based insights and theoretical references for clinical healthcare professionals to fully understand the feelings and experiences associated with financial toxicity in cancer patients, thereby laying a foundation for targeted interventional measures.Methods:A computerized search was conducted across databases including CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, Sinomed and other databases, collecting qualitative studies related to the inner experience of financial toxicity among cancer patients, up until April 12, 2023. Quality appraisal of the included literature was carried out according to JBI′s standards for qualitative research, and results were synthesized using Meta-aggregation methods.Results:Twenty-three studies were included, from which 82 specific outcomes were extracted. These were categorized into 11 new thematic groups and ultimately synthesized into four integrated findings: the impact of objective costs, subjective burden, and unreasonable expectations; diverse cognitive attitudes and management coping strategies; multiple pressures and challenges on patients and their families; and the articulation of needs and perceptions of beneficial growth.Conclusions:Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the financial toxicity issues that patients face at the initial stage of cancer diagnosis. Timely communication about economic issues between patients and healthcare providers is essential to help patients have a preliminary understanding of the impending financial toxicity at the onset of the disease. A comprehensive intervention that emphasizes different aspects of objective and subjective financial toxicity, coupled with multi-dimensional mitigation strategies, can promote active coping in patients, enhance familial emotional and financial support to overcome challenges together, and prioritize patients′ needs and expectations to guide them towards reinforcing positive experiences and minimizing the impact of financial toxicity.

BACKGROUND:With the increasing demand for edentulous jaw restoration,"All-on-4"concept is widely used.The load transfer mode of implant is different from that of natural tooth.The three-dimensional finite element analysis can study the stress distribution of implants and surrounding bone tissues under functional loading.On this basis,it provides research methods for finding suitable implant materials,optimizing implant geometry,and designing clinical surgical protocols. OBJECTIVE:To review researches related to three-dimensional finite element analysis in"All-on-4"concept. METHODS:Relevant literature published from 2003 to 2023 was searched in CNKI and PubMed databases with the search terms of"finite element method;All-on-4;edentulous;biomechanics"in Chinese and English.Finally,65 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In the case of insufficient horizontal bone mass,we can choose to apply narrow diameter implants,but we need to pay attention to the effect of the presence of the cantilever on the stress distribution and reduce the risk of failure.(2)The"All-on-4"concept reduces the stress distribution of bone by tilting the distal middle implant,but the ideal angle of the distal implant tilt in different jaw types requires further study.(3)The presence of cantilevers increases the risk of implant failure,and keeping the cantilever length/AP distance ratio at 0.9 helps to minimize mechanical complications.(4)When a framework is made of a material with a lower elastic modulus,the stress on the framework itself will be smaller,but it will increase the stress on the implant,prosthetic screw,abutment and peri-implant bone.On the contrary,when a material with a higher elastic modulus is used,it can reduce the stress on the prosthetic components,implants and peri-implant bone in the restoration,but the stress on the framework itself is higher.(5)The"All-on-4"concept allows for a better mechanistic balance,but requires the development of a long-term,effective treatment program that is tailored to the patient's specific situation.(6)Proper occlusal scheme is the key to the success of implant treatment,and there is no difference between canine-guide occlusion and group function occlusion in terms of the longevity of the restoration.However,there are many factors that influence occlusal design,and further in vitro experiments as well as a number of clinical studies are needed to explore the ideal occlusal design of the"All-on-4".

Objective Viral encephalitis is an infectious disease severely affecting human health.It is caused by a wide variety of viral pathogens,including herpes viruses,flaviviruses,enteroviruses,and other viruses.The laboratory diagnosis of viral encephalitis is a worldwide challenge.Recently,high-throughput sequencing technology has provided new tools for diagnosing central nervous system infections.Thus,In this study,we established a multipathogen detection platform for viral encephalitis based on amplicon sequencing. Methods We designed nine pairs of specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR)primers for the 12 viruses by reviewing the relevant literature.The detection ability of the primers was verified by software simulation and the detection of known positive samples.Amplicon sequencing was used to validate the samples,and consistency was compared with Sanger sequencing. Results The results showed that the target sequences of various pathogens were obtained at a coverage depth level greater than 20×,and the sequence lengths were consistent with the sizes of the predicted amplicons.The sequences were verified using the National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST,and all results were consistent with the results of Sanger sequencing. Conclusion Amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing technology is feasible as a supplementary method for the pathogenic detection of viral encephalitis.It is also a useful tool for the high-volume screening of clinical samples.

One patient was admitted to a hospital due to"sepsis,chronic kidney disease,type 2 diabetes,shock,and cerebral infarction".Patient's blood specimen was taken for clinical examination.Aerobic and anaerobic culture results of catheter blood and venous blood were both positive.The pathogen was identified as Staphylococcus pas-teuri by VITEK MS,and the patient was diagnosed as catheter-related bloodstream infection caused by Staphylo-coccus pasteuri.Clinical empirical use of piperacillin for anti-infection treatment was ineffective,and vancomycin was eventually used for treatment based on in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Patient's condition improved after removing the venous catheter.There are currently no reported cases of Staphylococcus pasteuri in China.Ear-ly identification of pathogen and adjustment of treatment plans based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing results are crucial for effective treatment of this case.

Objective To analyze the drug resistance and serotype of Group B Streptococcus(GBS)isolated from pediatric patients,provide reference for the prevention and treatment of GBS infection as well as vaccine develop-ment in children.Methods 163 non-repetitive GBS strains detected at Beijing Children's Hospital of Capital Medi-cal University from January 1,2016 to December 31,2023 were collected.Strains were conducted resistance analy-sis and serotype testing.Results Among the 163 GBS strains,121 and 42 were invasive and non-invasive infection isolates,respectively.No strains were found to be resistant to penicillin,ceftriaxone,cefepime,linezolid,and van-comycin,and resistance rates to erythromycin,clindamycin,and levofloxacin were 91.4％,90.8％,and 53.4％,re-spectively.Non-invasive infection isolates had a higher resistance rate to levofloxacin than invasive infection isolates.The distribution of bacterial serotypes from high to low was as follows:type Ⅰb(n=75,46.0％),type Ⅲ(n=65,39.9％),type Ⅴ(n=13,8.0％),type Ⅰa(n=6,3.7％),type Ⅱ(n=2,1.2％),type Ⅳ and Ⅵ(n=1,0.6％,each).There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of serotypes between invasive and non-invasive infection isolates(P＜0.05).Serotype distributions of erythromycin-and clindamycin-resistant GBS strains were both statistically different between two groups(both P＜0.05),while serotype distribution of levoflo-xacin-resistant GBS strains was not statistically different between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion GBS strains in children in Beijing have high resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin,with serotypes Ⅰb and Ⅲ being more frequent.Serotypes with high prevalence have higher resistance.Continuously monitoring on the epidemiology of GBS infection is crucial for the clinical prevention and treatment of GBS infection in children as well as the devel-opment of vaccines.

In order to study the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, this paper discussed material basis and mechanism from the perspective of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine. Inspired by the phenomenon of turbidity after boiling Chinese medicine, this experiment took Shaoyao Gancao Decoction as the research object to study the formation process of precipitation during boiling. The results showed that aggregates with a certain shape were formed in the solvent during the boiling process, and the precipitate was obtained by standing and centrifuging. Analysis found that the precipitation was mainly composed of small molecules such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoliquiritin and gallic acid, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide. The composition of precipitate was consistent with that of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction after removing the precipitate was significantly reduced. Based on these results, we isolated small molecular compounds, polysaccharides and protein from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and their contents are 60.4, 700.7 and 207.2 mg·g^-1 respectively. We get the ratio, polysaccharide: small molecule = 11.6∶1, protein: small molecule = 3.4∶1, the precipitate is prepared in the state of boiling. The characterization results showed that the particle size of the precipitate will change significantly after co-heating, and the content determination results showed that the content of the six small molecular compounds which was free in solvent was significantly reduced after the formation of the precipitate. The acetic acid writhing experiment proved that the precipitate has a good analgesic effect, and effectively reduced the levels of inflammatory factors prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. These results proved that the precipitate in Shaoyao Gancao Decoction is an important material basis for analgesic effect, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide are the main components of the precipitate. The study of macromolecules in the precipitate of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction not only provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but also provides a reference for analyzing the scientificity of traditional decoction.

Two new ursane triterpenoids along with twelve known compounds were isolated from 80% ethanol extract of Agastache rugosa (Fisch. et. Mey.) O. Kuntze by using silica gel column, MCI column, ODS column and HPLC. The structures of the new compounds were identified as 2α,3α-dihydroxy-24-nor-urs-4(23),12(13)-dien-28-oic acid (1) and 2α,3α-dihydroxy-24-nor-urs-4(23),12(13),20(30) -trien-28-oic acid (2) by HR-ESI-MS, NMR and ECD spectral data, named agasursacid A and agasursacid B. In addition, compounds 3, 4, 6, 8 showed anti-coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) activities with a IC₅₀ as 4.77, 1.59, 11.11 and 25.87 μmol·L^-1, resepectively.

Objective To analyze the genetic subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance in the newly reported HIV-infected men in Guangxi. Methods The stratified random sampling method was employed to select the newly reported HIV-infected men aged≥50 years old in 14 cities of Guangxi from January to June in 2020.The pol gene of HIV-1 was amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and then sequenced.The mutation sites associated with drug resistance and the degree of drug resistance were then analyzed. Results A total of 615 HIV-infected men were included in the study.The genetic subtypes of CRF01_AE,CRF07_BC,and CRF08_BC accounted for 57.4% (353/615),17.1% (105/615),and 22.4% (138/615),respectively.The mutations associated with the resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI),non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI),and protease inhibitors occurred in 8 (1.3%),18 (2.9%),and 0 patients,respectively.M184V (0.7%) and K103N (1.8%) were the mutations with the highest occurrence rates for the resistance to NRTIs and NNRTIs,respectively.Twenty-two (3.6%) patients were resistant to at least one type of inhibitors.Specifically,4 (0.7%),14 (2.3%),4 (0.7%),and 0 patients were resistant to NRTIs,NNRTIs,both NRTIs and NNRTIs,and protease inhibitors,respectively.The pretreatment resistance to NNRTIs had much higher frequency than that to NRTIs (2.9% vs.1.3%;χ²=3.929,P=0.047).The prevalence of pretreatment resistance to lamivudine,zidovudine,tenofovir,abacavir,rilpivirine,efavirenz,nevirapine,and lopinavir/ritonavir was 0.8%, 0.3%, 0.7%, 1.0%, 1.3%, 2.8%, 2.9%, and 0, respectively. Conclusions CRF01_AE,CRF07_BC,and CRF08_BC are the three major strains of HIV-infected men≥50 years old newly reported in Guangxi,2020,and the pretreatment drug resistance demonstrates low prevalence.
Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics* ; China/epidemiology* ; Mutation ; HIV-1/genetics* ; Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Genotype

Objective: To analyze and compare therapy responses, outcomes, and incidence of severe hematologic adverse events of flumatinib and imatinib in patients newly diagnosed with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) . Methods: Data of patients with chronic phase CML diagnosed between January 2006 and November 2022 from 76 centers, aged ≥18 years, and received initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China were retrospectively interrogated. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the bias of the initial TKI selection, and the therapy responses and outcomes of patients receiving initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy were compared. Results: A total of 4 833 adult patients with CML receiving initial imatinib (n=4 380) or flumatinib (n=453) therapy were included in the study. In the imatinib cohort, the median follow-up time was 54 [interquartile range (IQR), 31-85] months, and the 7-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.2%, 88.4%, 78.3%, and 63.0%, respectively. The 7-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 71.8%, 93.0%, and 96.9%, respectively. With the median follow-up of 18 (IQR, 13-25) months in the flumatinib cohort, the 2-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.4%, 86.5%, 58.4%, and 46.6%, respectively. The 2-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 80.1%, 95.0%, and 99.5%, respectively. The PSM analysis indicated that patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had significantly higher cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) and higher probabilities of FFS than those receiving the initial imatinib therapy (all P<0.001), whereas the PFS (P=0.230) and OS (P=0.268) were comparable between the two cohorts. The incidence of severe hematologic adverse events (grade≥Ⅲ) was comparable in the two cohorts. Conclusion: Patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had higher cumulative incidences of therapy responses and higher probability of FFS than those receiving initial imatinib therapy, whereas the incidence of severe hematologic adverse events was comparable between the two cohorts.
Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Imatinib Mesylate/adverse effects* ; Incidence ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Pyrimidines/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Benzamides/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/drug therapy* ; Aminopyridines/therapeutic use* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use*