Objective Orosomucoid1 （ORM1） is a novel target in the quest for anti-fatigue pharmacotherapy. Preliminary investigations have illuminated oleuropein （OLE） as a promising candidate molecule, poised to enhance ORM1 expression. To elucidate the influence of OLE on ORM1 protein expression and assess its ramifications on muscle endurance. Methods The impact of OLE on ORM1 protein expressions within hepatocytes and liver tissue was meticulously quantified through Western blotting; the effects of OLE on muscle endurance were evaluated via the rotarod and forced swimming tests; glycogen content within liver and muscle tissues was determined utilizing a specialized kit; and PAS staining was employed to visualize glycogen deposition in the gastrocnemius muscle. Results OLE demonstrated a capacity to elevate ORM1 protein expression in hepatocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner, concurrently prolonging the duration of swimming and rotarod performance in mice, also in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, OLE augmented ORM1 expression in liver tissue, elevated serum ORM1 levels, and enhanced glycogen reserves within the liver and muscle. Conclusion OLE may serve to amplify muscle endurance by elevating ORM1 levels in vivo and augmenting glycogen stores within skeletal muscle.

ObjectiveTranscranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a promising noninvasive neuromodulation technique capable of modulating neural activity with high spatial specificity. However, whether tFUS stimulation of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) can reliably evoke conscious tactile perception without external peripheral sensory input remains unclear. Therefore, this study examined the feasibility of inducing hand-related tactile perception through targeted S1 stimulation and further investigated how sonication duration (SD), a key temporal parameter, influences the consistency of this perceptual response. The findings may provide empirical evidence for optimizing tFUS parameters in human somatosensory modulation. MethodsForty-eight healthy adults participated in the study and were assigned to two experiments. Experiment 1 included 24 participants and was designed to preliminarily examine whether S1-targeted tFUS could evoke hand-related tactile sensations. This experiment comprised two sub-experiments, Experiment 1a and Experiment 1b, with 12 participants in each. Specifically, Experiment 1a used a randomized active stimulation protocol targeting the bilateral S1 to assess the initial feasibility of inducing contralateral tactile perception, whereas Experiment 1b employed an alternating hemispheric design incorporating both active and sham stimulation to verify the specificity of the tFUS-induced sensations. Experiment 2 enrolled another 24 participants and used a real-sham dual-probe design to control for spatial tactile cues that might arise from probe-scalp contact. Five SD levels, including 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1 000 ms, were systematically tested to evaluate how stimulation duration influenced the behavioral response. The primary behavioral outcome was the perceptual consistency rate, quantified according to the accuracy of contralateral tactile localization. ResultsIn Experiment 1, 91.7% of participants reported reliable hand-related tactile sensations during active tFUS stimulation, including numbness, tingling, or similar sensory experiences. Contralateral localization accuracy under active stimulation was significantly higher than the0.50 chance level (P<0.05). In contrast, localization performance under sham stimulation did not differ from chance, suggesting that the observed tactile responses were mainly induced by active S1-targeted tFUS stimulation rather than nonspecific stimulation cues. In Experiment 2, perceptual consistency rates significantly exceeded the chance level under the 400 and 1 000 ms SD conditions(P<0.05), whereas no significant effect was observed at 200, 600, or 800 ms. Pairwise comparisons further showed that the 400 and 1 000 ms conditions produced significantly higher perceptual consistency rates than the 200 ms condition (P<0.05). ConclusiontFUS stimulation of S1 can elicit distinct hand-related tactile sensations without peripheral sensory input, demonstrating the feasibility of using targeted cortical ultrasound stimulation to induce conscious somatosensory perception. The reliability of this perceptual effect was modulated by sonication duration, indicating that temporal stimulation parameters play an important role in shaping both the occurrence and consistency of behavioral responses. Among the tested conditions, 400 ms appeared to provide a favorable temporal window for generating stable tactile perception, whereas excessively short stimulation may be insufficient to produce consistent responses. These findings highlight the sensitivity of somatosensory networks to ultrasonic modulation and provide useful parameter guidance for the application of tFUS in noninvasive sensory enhancement and cortical functional mapping.

The refinement of nasal tip rotation and projection is a critical step in tip sculpting in augmentation rhinoplasty. Autologous cartilage material is widely used in rhinoplasty due to its good histocompatibility and support. However, in clinical work, the profile of the nasal tip after autologous cartilage rhinoplasty often changes over time, with the phenomenon of downward rotation of the nasal tip and reduced tip projection. Thus, how to construct a stable nasal tip cartilage framework is a common problem for clinicians. This review encompasses the relevant content of nasal tip dynamics and measurement, the recent approaches to constructing the nasal tip cartilage framework, the factors influencing tip rotation and projection after rhinoplasty, the dynamic changes in nasal tip morphology after surgery, and summarizes the method to mitigate the downward rotation of the nasal tip and variations in nasal tip projection, with the aim to guide intraoperative adjustment of nasal tip morphology.

Objective To provide a reference for the clinical individualized medication of hypertension,the antihypertensive efficacy of Gouteng Xuanshen prescription in the treatment of hypertension was verified,and its improvement on the discomfort symptoms of patients was explored.Methods This study adopted a retrospective cohort study design.The data were derived from the electronic medical records of 6770 hypertensive patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1,2013 to January 1,2023.The exposure factor was the treatment of Uncaria rhynchophylla,Scrophularia ningpoensis,and Radish Seed.After the propensity score was used to deal with the confounding factors,the changes in blood pressure of the patients after treatment were observed.At the same time,in order to analyze the improvement of patients'symptoms,the Apriori algorithm to mine the core symptoms of patients was explored,and the patient symptom network was constructed.The BGLL algorithm was used to divide the symptoms into communities to form a symptom map.Finally,survival analysis and Cox regression were used to find the sensitive symptom community of Gouteng Xuanshen prescription,and the related factors were analyzed.Results 468 people were included in the exposure group and the control group.After treatment,more patients in the exposure group reached the target blood pressure(P<0.01),and the effect was better in lowering systolic blood pressure(P<0.05),and no obvious abnormalities in safety indicators were found.In terms of symptom improvement,the 134 symptoms recorded in the medical records were divided into 6 groups.As the medication time increased,the patient's head discomfort was easier to relieve.The effect was best at 8 weeks of treatment,and it was more sensitive to patients with extremely high cardiovascular risk or grade 3 hypertension.Conclusion This study verified the clinical efficacy of the Gouteng Xuanshen prescription in the treatment of hypertension through electronic medical record data,which preliminarily revealed the potential role and law of the Gouteng Xuanshen prescription in the treatment of hypertension.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of crisaborole ointment 2% versus pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged 2 years or older.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 120 pediatric patients aged 2 - 17 years with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were enrolled from departments of dermatology of 8 hospitals in China between March 2022 and February 2023. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio to the crisaborole group and the pimecrolimus group, and received the treatment with crisaborole ointment 2% and pimecrolimus cream 1% respectively, twice a day for 4 weeks. Visits were scheduled at baseline/on day 1, as well as on days 8, 15, and 29. The primary efficacy outcome was the percentage of patients achieving the Investigator's Static Global Assessment (ISGA) success (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale, combined with ≥ 2‐grade improvement from baseline) on day 29. The secondary efficacy outcomes included changes in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) total scores from baseline to day 29, percentages of patients achieving ISGA improvement (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale), as well as changes in the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) /Infants' Dermatology Life Quality Index (IDLQI) /Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) scores, and in the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) scores. Drug safety was evaluated according to the incidence of adverse events. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test. Since measurement data did not follow a normal distribution, the rank sum test was used for comparisons of measurement data between groups.Results:A total of 106 children with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were included in the per-protocol analysis set, with 52 in the crisaborole group (26 males and 26 females) and 54 in the pimecrolimus group (27 males and 27 females). There were no significant differences in age, disease duration, ISGA and EASI scores at baseline between the two groups (all P > 0.05). On day 29, 22 patients (42.31%) in the crisaborole group and 25 (46.30%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA success, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.17, P = 0.68) ; 35 patients (67.31%) in the crisaborole group and 45 (83.33%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA improvement, also with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 3.68, P = 0.06) ; additionally, there were no significant differences in the EASI, pruritus NRS, DLQI/IDLQI/CDLQI, or DFI scores between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Adverse reactions to the two topical agents were mainly local reactions such as mild to moderate pain, itching, or worsening of itching, and no obvious systemic adverse reactions occurred. The incidence of drug-related adverse reactions was 46.15% (24 cases) in the crisaborole group and 37.04% (20 cases) in the pimecrolimus group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.91, P = 0.34) . Conclusion:The efficacy of crisaborole ointment 2% was comparable to that of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged ≥ 2 years, and it yielded early and rapid improvement in the quality of life of patients and their families, with good safety and tolerability profiles.

Objective:To investigate diagnostic value of serum heart type fatty acid-binding protein(H-FABP),cardiac troponin Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)and electrocardiogram(ECG)for acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods:A total of 120 patients with chest pain suspected of AMI admitted in Hefei Eighth People's Hospital between March 2018 and March 2020 were enrolled.All patients received ECG and coronary angiography(CAG)examination.According to diagnostic criteria,they were divided into AMI group(n=75)and non-AMI group(n=45);according to Gensini score,AMI patients were divided into mild group(n=34),medium-severe group(n=41);another 120 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination simultaneously were treated as control group.Serum H-FABP and cTnⅠlevels were measured in all groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to assess diagnostic value of H-FABP,cTnⅠ and ECG and their combination for AMI.Results:With CAG as the gold standard,ECG examination showed that 62 cases were finally diagnosed among the 120 patients with chest pain suspected of AMI,the accuracy,sensitivity and specificity was 69.2％,82.7％,46.7％respectively.Compared with participants in control group,those in non-AMI group and AMI group had significant higher serum H-FABP and cTnⅠ levels,and those of AMI group were significantly higher than those of non-AMI group(P＜0.001 all).Serum levels of in medium-severe group H-FABP[(9.15±1.39)μg/L vs.(7.63±1.25)μg/L]and cTnⅠ[(0.72±0.13)ng/ml vs.(0.41±0.08)ng/ml]were significantly higher than those of mild group(P＜0.001 all).ROC curve analysis indicated that cut-off point of H-FABP and cTnⅠ diagnosing AMI was 7.850μg/L,0.35ng/ml respectively,com-bined detection of ECG(AUC=0.680,95％CI 0.589～0.762),H-FABP(AUC=0.781,95％CI 0.696～0.851)and cTnⅠ(AUC=0.912,95％CI 0.847～0.956)had significant higher diagnostic value(AUC=0.966,95％CI 0.916～0.991)than single diagnosis(Z=6.783,4.499,2.954,P＜0.01 all).Conclusion:Serum H-FABP and cTnⅠ were associated with the degree of coronary lesions in AMI patients,and the combination of serum H-FABP,cTnⅠ and ECG had good diagnostic value for AMI.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3]on the relationship between psychological status and cognitive function in elderly obese patients.Methods:130 elderly obese patients who visited Hongdu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Nanchang from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected,they were divided into cognitive impairment group(n=27)and cognitive normal group(n=103)based on the Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)score.General information were prospectively collected,their psychological status used Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA)to evaluated,25(OH)D3 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.General information,psychological status scores,and 25(OH)D3 levels were compare between two groups.Analysis of the correlation between 25(OH)D3 and psychological status and cognitive function by Pearson method.Analysis of the mediating effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3]on the relationship between psychological status and cognitive function in elderly obese patients.Results:Compared with cognitive normal group,cognitive impairment group had higher age and lower years of education(P＜0.05).HAMA and HAMD scores in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the cognitive normal group(P＜0.05),and the 25(OH)D3 level was significantly lower than that in the cognitive normal group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that,25(OH)D3 was negatively correlated with HAMA score and HAMD score,and positively correlated with MMSE score(P＜0.05);HAMA score,HAMD score,and MMSE score were all negatively correlated(P＜0.05).The structural equation model shows good fit[x2/df=1.87,root mean square error approximate=0.062,comparative fit index=0.945,Tucker-Lewis index=0.931].The direct effect of psychological status(HAMA+HAMD)on cognitive function was-0.325(95％confidence Interval(CI):-0.454～-0.216,P＜0.05),and the mediating effect through 25(OH)D3 was-0.182(95％CI:-0.271～-0.112,P＜0.05),accounting for 36.00％of the total effect.Conclusion:In elderly obese patients,25(OH)D3 is positively correlated with cognitive function and negatively correlated with psychological status,moreover,25(OH)D3 plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between psychological status and cognitive function,and is an important mediating factor affecting the relationship between the two.

The cutaneous resident memory T cells(TRM)are important immune surveillance cells in skin tissue and are highly heterogeneous.The TRM achieve residency in skin by expressing residency markers such as CD69 and CD103,and their development and survival are regulated by several molecules such as interleukin-15(IL-15).In addition to their roles in infection and tumors,the TRM,especially CD8+TRM,play an important role in the development and recurrence of autoimmune skin diseases such as vitiligo.Under the continuous stimulation of melanocyte antigens,melanocyte-specific CD49a+TRM1 can directly kill the melanocytes by expressing the interferon-γ(IFN-γ),granzyme B and perforin and they also recruit circulating memory CD8+T cells through the IFN-γ-Janus kinase(JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)(IFN-γ-JAK-STAT)signaling pathway to collectively kill the melanocytes,which promotes vitiligo development and recurrence.Combined with the research progress at home and abroad,this article now summarizes the source,function and biological properties of cutaneous TRM,provides an overview of the research on TRM in vitiligo development and recurrence,and elaborates on the strategy of intervening in the recurrence of vitiligo by targeting TRM,aiming to provide the new ideas for the pathogenesis research and precise treatment of vitiligo.

Adolescence is a critical period for the development of the reward circuit, and reward positivity (RewP) is one of the electrophysiological indicators reflecting reward processing. Many studies have shown that abnormalities in RewP is closely associated with internalizing and externalizing problems in children and adolescents. In addition, factors such as stressful life events and sleep disorders can affect reward-related brain activity and increase the risk of various psychopathological problems in this population. The article reviews the characteristics of changes in RewP among children and adolescents with various internalizing and externalizing problems in recent years, aiming to provide a reference for the basic research on the pathogenesis of these issues and to identify new targets for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Reward ; Psychology, Child ; Psychology, Adolescent

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of Xuanshen Yishen Decoction (XYD) in the treatment of hypertension. METHODS: Hospital electronic medical records from 2019-2023 were utilized to emulate a randomized pragmatic clinical trial. Hypertensive participants were eligible if they were aged ⩾40 years with baseline systolic blood pressure (BP) ⩾140 mm Hg. Patients treated with XYD plus antihypertensive regimen were assigned to the treatment group, whereas those who followed only antihypertensive regimen were assigned to the control group. The primary outcome assessed was the attainment rate of intensive BP control at discharge, with the secondary outcome focusing on the 6-month all-cause readmission rate. RESULTS: The study included 3,302 patients, comprising 2,943 individuals in the control group and 359 in the treatment group. Compared with the control group, a higher proportion in the treatment group achieved the target BP for intensive BP control [8.09% vs. 17.5%; odds ratio (OR)=2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.68 to 3.13; P<0.001], particularly in individuals with high homocysteine levels (OR=3.13; 95% CI=1.72 to 5.71; P<0.001; P for interaction=0.041). Furthermore, the 6-month all-cause readmission rate in the treatment group was lower than in the control group (hazard ratio=0.58; 95% CI=0.36 to 0.91; P=0.019), and the robustness of the results was confirmed by sensitivity analyse. CONCLUSIONS XYD could be a complementary therapy for intensive BP control. Our study offers real-world evidence and guides the choice of complementary and alternative therapies. (Registration No. ChiCTR2400086589).
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology* ; Blood Pressure/drug effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Hypertension/physiopathology* ; Patient Readmission ; Treatment Outcome