Objective To investigate the correlation between isoniazid concentration in plasma and lymph node tissue of patients with lymph node tuberculosis,and to explore its clinical value.Methods The basic information of patients with lymph node tuberculosis in our hospital and venous blood samples and neck lymph node tissue samples at different time points were collected.UPLC-MS/MS method was established and isoniazid concentration in plasma and neck lymph node tissue samples was quantitatively detected,and the correlation between isoniazid concentration in plasma and lymph node tissue was analyzed.Results The linear range of isoniazid blood concentration and lymph node tissue concentration were 0.25-16 μg·mL-1(r=0.999 8)and 2-128 μg·g-1(r=0.998 8),respectively.The precision,accuracy,and matrix effect of each quality control sample met the requirements.Plasma isoniazid concentration and lymph node tissue isoniazid concentration were significantly correlated at 10 min(rs=0.501 1,P=0.001),30 min(rs=0.402 8,P=0.005)and 60 min(rs=0.614 6,P=0.001)after intravenous infusion of isoniazid.The ratio of lymph node tissue isoniazid concentration to plasma isoniazid concentration was 1.46(0.62,3.55)mL·g-1 at 10 min.At 30 min,the ratio was 5.25(4.61,11.61)mL·g-1.At 60 min,the ratio was 6.62(4.42,10.78)mL·g-1.Conclusion The established UPLC-MS/MS method has good specificity,high sensitivity,accurac and precision.Monitoring plasma isoniazid concentration provides a reference for the rational use of isoniazid in patients with lymphatic tuberculosis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment of aortic coarctation combined with descending aortic aneurysm in adult patients. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Adult patients with aortic coarctation who were hospitalized in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2015 to April 2019 were enrolled. The aortic coarctation was diagnosed by aortic CT angiography, and the included patients were divided into the combined descending aortic aneurysm group and the uncomplicated descending aortic aneurysm group based on descending aortic diameter. General clinical data and surgery-related data were collected from the included patients, and death and complications were recorded at 30 days after surgery, and upper limb systolic blood pressure was measured in all patients at discharge. Patients were followed up after discharge by outpatient visit or telephone call for their survival and the occurrence of repeat interventions and adverse events, which included death, cerebrovascular events, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, hypertension, postoperative restenosis, and other cardiovascular-related interventions. Results: A total of 107 patients with aortic coarctation aged (34.1±15.2) years were included, and 68 (63.6%) were males. There were 16 cases in the combined descending aortic aneurysm group and 91 cases in the uncomplicated descending aortic aneurysm group. In the combined descending aortic aneurysm group, 6 cases (6/16) underwent artificial vessel bypass, 4 cases (4/16) underwent thoracic aortic artificial vessel replacement, 4 cases (4/16) underwent aortic arch replacement+elephant trunk procedure, and 2 cases (2/16) underwent thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the choice of surgical approach (all P>0.05). In the combined descending aortic aneurysm group at 30 days after surgery, one case underwent re-thoracotomy surgery, one case developed incomplete paraplegia of the lower extremity, and one case died; and the differences in the incidence of endpoint events at 30 days after surgery were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Systolic blood pressure in the upper extremity at discharge was significantly lower in both groups compared with the preoperative period (in the combined descending aortic aneurysm group: (127.3±16.3) mmHg vs. (140.9±16.3) mmHg, P=0.030, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa; in the uncomplicated descending aortic aneurysm group: (120.7±13.2) mmHg vs. (151.8±26.3) mmHg, P=0.001). The follow-up time was 3.5 (3.1, 4.4) years. There were no new deaths in the combined descending aortic aneurysm group, no transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction or re-thoracotomy surgery, and one patient (1/15) suffered cerebral infarction and 10 patients (10/15) were diagnosed with hypertension. The differences in the occurrence of endpoint events during postoperative follow-up were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: In experienced centers, long-term prognosis of patients with aortic coarctation combined with descending aortic aneurysm is satisfactory post surgical intervention.
Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Female ; Aortic Coarctation/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects* ; Endovascular Procedures/adverse effects* ; Hypertension/complications* ; Myocardial Infarction/complications* ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery*

The leaf spot of Belamcanda chinensis often appears in May to June and spreads rapidly during the flowering stage(July to September) in the cultivation fields, seriously affecting the yield and quality of B. chinensis. To identify and characterize the pathogens of the leaf spot, we isolated two species of Alternaria, identified them according to Koch's postulates, and tested their pathogenicity and biological characteristics. Furthermore, we determined the inhibitory effects of 6 chemical fungicides, 1 plant fungicide, and 3 microbial fungicides on the pathogens by using mycelial growth rate and plate confrontation method to select the appropriate control agents. The results showed that the two pathogens causing B. chinensis leaf spot were Alternaria tenuissima and A. alternata. The conidia of A. tenuissima often formed long chains with no or a few branches, while those of A. alternata often formed short branched chains. The optimum growth temperature of both A. tenuissima and A. alternata was 25 ℃. The two pathogens grew well in alkaline environment. The indoor fungicide screening experiments showed that 40% flusilazole had good inhibitory effects on the two pathogens, with the EC_(50) values of 12.42 mg·L~(-1) and 12.78 mg·L~(-1) for A. tenuissima and A. alternata, respectively. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent theoretical research and field control of B. chinensis leaf spot.
Fungicides, Industrial/pharmacology* ; Research ; Iris Plant ; Spores, Fungal ; Mycelium

In summer in 2020, Pinellia ternata in many planting areas in Hubei suffered from serious southern blight, as manifested by the yellowing and wilted leaves and rotten tubers. This study aims to identify the pathogen, clarify the biological characteristics of the pathogen, and screen fungicides. To be specific, the pathogen was isolated, purified, and identified, and the pathogenicity was detected according to the Koch's postulates. Moreover, the biological characteristics of the pathogen were analyzed. Furthermore, PDA plates and seedlings were used to determine the most effective fungicides. The results showed that the mycelia of the pathogen were white and villous with silk luster, which produced a large number of white to black brown sclerotia. The pathogen was identified as Athelia rolfsii by morphological observation and molecular identification based on LSU and TEF gene sequences. The optimum growth conditions for A. rolfsii were 30 ℃ and pH 5-8, and the optimum conditions for the germination of sclerotia were 25 ℃ and pH 7-9. Bacillus subtilis, difenoconazole, and flusilazole were identified as effective fungicides with PDA, and their half maximal effective concentration(EC_(50)) was all less than 5 mg·L~(-1). The effective fungicides screened with the seedlings were hymexazol and difenoconazole. Based on the screening experiments, difenoconazole can be used as the main agent for the prevention and treatment of southern blight.
Pinellia/genetics* ; Fungicides, Industrial/pharmacology* ; Seedlings ; Bacillus subtilis ; Mycelium

Biochemistry is a very important basic course for biology and medical disciplines, and it is one of the most rapidly developing and dynamic disciplines since the 21st century. Since theoretical teaching of biochemistry is very abstract, experiment teaching is an important part of understanding relevant theories and mastering practical skills. In the process of experiment teaching, it is always a key concern for teachers to keep abreast of new teaching concepts, new teaching methods, new teaching hotspots, and keep up with teaching trends. To this end, in this paper, the annual number of published papers, periodical distribution, research keywords, current status of research, hotspots and development trends of biochemical experiment teaching and research in China from 2011. 1. 1 to 2020. 12. 31 were visualized and analyzed by using CiteSpace with China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as the data source. It was found that the number of articles published in each year remained basically stable, and the high frequency words were " biochemistry", " experimental teaching", " teaching reform", " biochemistry experiment", " reform", " teaching method", " innovation ability" and " teaching mode". The words with higher intensity are " flipped classroom" and " microlearning". Through timeline analysis, we found that the identities of " teaching" and " learning" are being exchanged, and improving students' independent learning ability has become the mainstream. The teaching mode combining advanced technology such as " virtual simulation" and " online teaching" has become the development trend and frontier of biochemistry experiment teaching. This paper aims to provide reference for the sustainable development of biochemistry experiment teaching in China through the above analysis.

Aim To study the effect of lentinan ( LNT) on the injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by high concentration of glucose ( HG) and its mechanism so as to provide a new theo¬retical basis for the treatment of diabetic angiopathy.Methods After screening the optimal concentration of HG-induced HUVEC injury, different concentrations of LNT were given and then HUVEC cell viability, reac¬tive oxygen species ( ROS ) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) ,and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were de¬tected.Autophagy level in HUVECs was determined by MDC staining.Beclin-1 level was detected by PCR.The expression of LC3, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK were detected by Western blot.Results 120 mmol • L"1 HG could cause moderate HUVEC injury.LNT could improve the declining HUVEC viability induced by HG, alleviate the increasing ROS,upgrade the level of SOD level, downgrade the level of M DA, raise the autophagy level in HUVECs,and decrease the expres-sion of iNOS and p38 MAPK phosphorylated protein in HUVECs.Conclusions LNT can improve HG-in- duced HUVEC injury,and the mechanism is related to regulating ROS/p38 MAPK pathway to enhance auto¬phagy levels and improve intracellular oxidative stress.

Objective:To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of online learning behavior in Junior college nursing students in post epidemic era.Methods:A total of 978 nursing students from Heilongjiang Nursing College in December 2021 were investigated by the general information questionnaire, Online Learning Behavior Scale, Online Learning Self-Efficacy Scale, Proactive Personality Scale and Online Learning Attitude Scale. The latent profile analysis and ordered multi-classification Logistic regression analyses were applied to identify the factors associated with the potential categories of online learning behavior.Results:The online learning behavior of nursing students were divided into 3 categories: outstanding(12.68%, 124/978), good(75.66%,740/978)and mediocrity(11.66%, 114/978). Gender, online learning self-efficacy, proactive personality and online learning attitude were predictors that influence the classification of potential profiles of online learning behavior in nursing students( P<0.05). Conclusions:There are 3 potential categories of online learning behavior in nursing students, and nursing educators should pay attention to the characteristics of online learning behaviors of different nursing students and take various effective measures to improve online learning behaviors of nursing students.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and long-term clinical efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with in-stent chronic total occlusion (IS-CTO) lesions. Metheds: This is a retrospective analysis. Patients with IS-CTO who underwent PCI in Fuwai hospital from January 2010 to December 2013 were enrolled. A total of 212 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the IS-CTO group, 212 matched patients with primary CTO lesions were included in the de novo CTO group. The incidence of complications and the success rate of PCI were compared between the two groups. Successful PCI was defined as successfully implantation of stent(s) at target CTO lesions. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite event of cardiac death and myocardial infarction (MI). Secondary endpoints including PCI success, all-cause death, cardiac death, MI, target vessel related MI, revascularization, target vessel revascularization, heart failure for rehospitalization. The patients were followed up for 5 years after PCI. Results: A total of 424 cases were included. The mean age was (57.8±10.5) years, there were 364 males in this cohort. The left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower ((58.7±9.2)% vs. (61.0±7.7)%, P=0.01) and the SYNTAX scores was significantly higher (19.4±8.3 vs. 15.3±10.0, P<0.01) in IS-CTO group than that in de novo CTO group. The proportion of patients with target CTO lesions in left anterior descending artery was significantly higher (42.9% (50/212) vs. 23.6% (91/212), P<0.01) in IS-CTO group than that in de novo CTO group. The rate of successful PCI (71.7% (152/212) vs. 69.8% (148/212), P=0.70) and complication (40.6% (86/212) vs. 36.3% (77/212), P=0.37) was similar between the two groups. The incidence of primary endpoint at 5 years was significantly higher in IS-CTO group (10.8% (23/212) vs. 4.7% (10/212), P=0.02), which was driven by higher incidence of MI (9.0% (19/212) vs. 4.2% (9/212), P=0.05). There were a trend of higher secondary endpoints in IS-CTO group (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The safety and effectiveness of PCI are acceptable in patients with IS-CTO, but the risk of long-term cardiac death and MI is higher among patients with IS-CTO as compared to patients with primary CTO lesions.

Objective:To explore the differences in rhizosphere microbial community structure between Fusarium wilt-infected and healthy Chrysanthemum morifolium plants. Method:The rhizosphere soils of diseased and healthy C. morifolium plants were sampled and subjected to high-throughput 16S ribosomal DNA （rDNA） and internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequencing， to identify the microbial community structure including bacteria and fungi. Result:Fusarium wilt reduced the bacterial abundance and diversity but had no significant effect on fungal alpha-diversity.The proportions of Acidobacteria， Gemmatimonadetes， and Nitrospirae in rhizosphere soil of healthy C.morifolium plants were higher than those of diseased plants， while the proportions of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were lower（P<0.05）. Fusarium fungi accounted for 27.49%， 14.53%， and 11.94% in diseased plants whereas 0.47%， 1.01%， and 0.67% in healthy plants.Pathogenic bacteria Pectobacterium and Dickeya were enriched in rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. The abundances of nitrifying， detoxifying， and photosynthetic bacteria in rhizosphere soil of healthy plants were higher than those of diseased plants. Conclusion:Fusarium wilt reduces the bacterial richness and diversity and triggers the enrichment of massive Fusarium fungi， Pectobacterium， and Dickeya. The proportion of beneficial bacteria in rhizosphere soil of healthy plants is significantly higher than that of diseased plants.

In order to identify the species and biological characteristics of the pathogen of southern blight from three kinds of Chinese medicine of Iridaceae(Belamcanda chinensis, Iris tectorum and I. japonica) in Dabie Mountains, the isolation, identification, pathogenicity and biological characteristics of the pathogens were studied according to Koch's postulates. In addition, 9 chemical fungicides, 3 botanical fungicides and 5 microbial fungicides were used to evaluate their inhibition to the isolates in vitro. The results showed that all the strains(SG-Q, YW-Q, and HDH-Q) isolated and purified from the diseased plants of B. chinensis, I. tectorum and I. japonica, respectively, were identified as Sclerotium rolfsii through morphological observation and sequence aligement of 18 S rDNA, rDNA-ITS and TEF. Field observations showed that the intensity of the disease incidence of three Iridaceae plants was B. chinensis>I. japonica> I. tectorum, and the pathogenicity of the strains was SG-Q>YW-Q>HDH-Q. For biological characteristics, SG-Q strain was suitable for growth under the 12 h light/12 h dark cycle, with the optimal growth temperature of 30 ℃ and pH of 5. Among the 9 tested chemical fungicides, 29% lime sulphure and 10% flusilazole had stronger inhibitory effect on mycelia growth of SG-Q. For 3 botanical fungicides, 1% osthol, 20% eugenol and 0.5% berberine could effectively inhibt the mycelial growth of SG-Q and cause the morphological variation of the pathogen. For 5 microbial fungicides, Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis had better inhibition on the mycelium growth of SG-Q.
Basidiomycota ; Hypocreales ; Iridaceae ; Medicine