ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis， as well as the impact of recompensation on the prognosis of such patients， and to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk patients in clinical practice. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who attended The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2016 to December 2022 and were diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B， hepatitis C， alcoholic hepatitis， and autoimmune hepatitis， and they were divided into recompensation group and persistent decompensation group. To control for confounding factors， whether recompensation occurred was used as the rouping variable，and BMI， alcohol consumption history， HIV infection history， TG， CHOL， LDL， and HDL were used as covariates. The propensity score was calculated， and 1：1 nearest neighbor matching was performed with a caliper value of 0.1. After propensity score matching， the recompensation group and the persistent decompensation group with relatively balanced covariates were obtained. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression model analyses were used to investigate the influencing factors for recompensation； the “rms” package was used to establish a nomogram； the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to calculate the area under the ROC curve （AUC）； the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the goodness of fit of the model； the “Calibration Curves” package was used to plot calibration curves for model assessment. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves， and the Log-rank test was used for comparison of survival curves. ResultsAmong the 863 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis， 305 experienced recompensation， resulting in an incidence rate of 35.3%. After PSM， 610 cases were successfully matched， with 305 cases in each group. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that etiology （hepatitis C： hazard ratio［HR］=0.288， P=0.002）； male（HR=0.701， P=0.016）， age（HR=0.988， P=0.047）， hemoglobin （HGB）（HR=1.006， P=0.017）， and CD4 T cell（HR=1.001，P=0.047）， TIPS procedure （HR=1.808，P=0.042） were independent influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. During follow-up， 116 patients died of liver disease-related causes， with 27 patients （8.85%） in the recompensation group and 89 （15.95%） in the persistent decompensation group； 109 patients developed HCC， with 23 patients （7.54%） in the recompensation group and 86 （15.41%） in the persistent decompensation group. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed significant separation between the patients with different states of compensation in terms of liver disease-related mortality rate and the incidence rate of HCC， and the Log-rank test showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in liver disease-related mortality rate （χ²=9.023， P=0.003） and the incidence rate of HCC （χ²=10.526， P=0.001）. ConclusionEtiology，sex，age，TIPS，HGB，and CD4 T cell are independent influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. There is a significant difference in the incidence rate of recompensation between decompensated liver cirrhosis patients with different etiologies， and female patients and patients with a younger age，a history of TIPS， a higher HGB level， and a higher CD4 lymphocyte count are more likely to experience recompensation. Recompensation is the key to improving the long-term prognosis of patients and can significantly reduce long-term liver disease-related mortality rate and the incidence rate of HCC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the predictive factors for HBsAg clearance in chronic hepatitis B （CHB） patients with a low level of hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） treated with pegylated interferon α-2b （PEG-IFN-α-2b）， to establish a combined predictive model and a nomogram based on multiple factors， and to provide a reference for formulating individualized treatment regimens and predicting treatment outcome in clinical practice. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 167 CHB patients with HBsAg <1 500 IU/mL who attended The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2022 to January 2024 and were treated with PEG-IFN-α-2b. According to whether clinical cure was achieved， the patients were divided into HBsAg clearance group and HBsAg non-clearance group. Related data were collected， including general information and serological/biochemical/virological indicators at different time points during treatment. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent influencing factors. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to assess the value of indicators used alone or in combination in predicting clinical cure， and calibration curves were plotted to assess the risk prediction model. ResultsThe univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in age （t=-6.839， P<0.05）， history of nucleos（t）ide analogue treatment for over 1 year （χ²=59.339， P<0.05）， genotype （χ²=4.610， P<0.05）， nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （χ²=5.319， P<0.05）， hepatitis B virus DNA status before treatment （χ²=60.861， P <0.05）， compensated liver cirrhosis （χ²=10.960， P<0.05）， HBeAg status before treatment （χ²=19.060， P<0.05）， a history of interferon treatment （χ²=8.162， P<0.05）， presence of interferon antibodies after treatment （χ²=12.858， P<0.05）， HBsAg level before treatment （Z=-7.412， P<0.05）， alanine aminotransaminase （ALT） level at baseline （Z=-6.117， P<0.05）， ALT level at 12 weeks of treatment （Z=-7.171， P<0.05）， platelet count （PLT） at 24 weeks of treatment （Z=-3.622， P<0.05）， and thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH） level at 24 weeks of treatment （Z=-2.830， P<0.05）. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age （odds ratio ［OR］=1.230， P=0.007）， history of nucleos（t）ide analogue treatment for over 1 year （OR=0.008， P=0.011）， HBeAg status before treatment （OR=0.003， P=0.012）， HBsAg level before treatment （OR=1.005， P=0.014）， ALT level at baseline （OR=0.949， P=0.014）， ALT level at 12 weeks of treatment （OR=0.969， P=0.016）， PLT at 24 weeks of treatment （OR=0.969， P=0.022）， and TSH level at 24 weeks of treatment （OR=3.608， P=0.045） were independent influencing factors for HBsAg clearance at 48 weeks of treatment in CHB patients with HBsAg <1 500 IU/mL. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test yielded χ²=1.398， P=0.994， indicating that the model had good fitting. The Bootstrap method was used to perform internal validation of the nomogram model， and there was a good degree of fitting between the calibration curve and the ideal curve， with a mean absolute error of 0.029. The ROC curve analysis showed that the combination of predictive factors had an area under the ROC curve of 0.982 （95% confidence interval： 0.961 — 0.999）， with a sensitivity of 94.10% and a specificity of 93.10%， suggesting that the nomogram model had a good discriminatory ability. For the CHB patients with HBsAg <1 500 IU/mL and different features， further analysis of HBsAg clearance rate at 48 weeks of treatment showed an HBsAg clearance rate of 69.60% for those with HBsAg ≤67.65 IU/mL before treatment， 58.30% for those with a baseline ALT level of ≥62.50 U/L， 68.30% for those with an ALT level of ≥92.50 U/L at 12 weeks of treatment， 42.40% for those with PLT ≥104×10⁹/L at 24 weeks of treatment， and 48.30% for those with a TSH level of ≤1.38 μIU/mL at 24 weeks of treatment， with significant differences between the two groups （all P<0.001）. ConclusionAge， history of nucleos（t）ide analogue treatment for over 1 year， HBeAg status before treatment， HBsAg level before treatment， baseline ALT level， ALT level at 12 weeks of treatment， PLT level at 24 weeks， and TSH level at 24 weeks of treatment are independent predictive factors. The combined prediction nomogram model constructed in this study has a relatively high value in predicting clinical cure at 48 weeks of PEG-IFN-α-2b treatment in CHB patients with HBsAg<1 500 IU/mL， thereby providing a reference for selecting suitable treatment population and predicting clinical cure.

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for anticoagulant therapy and vaginal bleeding management during medical abortion in patients with missed abortion after aortic mechanical valve replacement surgery. METHODS Clinical pharmacists conducted pharmaceutical monitoring on a patient with missed abortion after aortic mechanical valve replacement surgery， and analyzed the correlation between warfarin use and abortion. In response to gingival bleeding and an increase in the international normalized ratio （INR） after taking mifepristone， clinical pharmacists recommended discontinuing warfarin based on bleeding risk and INR changes； for the selection of sex hormones after missed abortion， clinical pharmacists suggested that estradiol gel combined with progesterone should be used in sequential treatment， supplemented by Xian yimucao capsules， to accelerate the elimination of residual tissue and congestion in uterine cavity. RESULTS The physician followed the advice of the clinical pharmacist and did not prolong the patient’s hospital stay due to excessive vaginal bleeding during treatment. Warfarin treatment was restarted on the day of discharge， and INR remained stable within the target anticoagulation range after discharge without any adverse events such as thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS In patients with missed abortion after aortic valve replacement surgery， mifepristone may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding during medical abortion. It is recommended to discontinue warfarin before medication. Clinical pharmacists play a crucial role in the development of anticoagulation plans， identification of drug-drug interactions， assessment of bleeding risks， and selection of postoperative sex hormones. Through full pharmaceutical monitoring， they ensure the safety of patients’ medication.

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for anticoagulant therapy and vaginal bleeding management during medical abortion in patients with missed abortion after aortic mechanical valve replacement surgery. METHODS Clinical pharmacists conducted pharmaceutical monitoring on a patient with missed abortion after aortic mechanical valve replacement surgery， and analyzed the correlation between warfarin use and abortion. In response to gingival bleeding and an increase in the international normalized ratio （INR） after taking mifepristone， clinical pharmacists recommended discontinuing warfarin based on bleeding risk and INR changes； for the selection of sex hormones after missed abortion， clinical pharmacists suggested that estradiol gel combined with progesterone should be used in sequential treatment， supplemented by Xian yimucao capsules， to accelerate the elimination of residual tissue and congestion in uterine cavity. RESULTS The physician followed the advice of the clinical pharmacist and did not prolong the patient’s hospital stay due to excessive vaginal bleeding during treatment. Warfarin treatment was restarted on the day of discharge， and INR remained stable within the target anticoagulation range after discharge without any adverse events such as thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS In patients with missed abortion after aortic valve replacement surgery， mifepristone may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding during medical abortion. It is recommended to discontinue warfarin before medication. Clinical pharmacists play a crucial role in the development of anticoagulation plans， identification of drug-drug interactions， assessment of bleeding risks， and selection of postoperative sex hormones. Through full pharmaceutical monitoring， they ensure the safety of patients’ medication.

ObjectiveTo construct and validate a predictive model for hepatic encephalopathy （HE） in patients with end-stage liver disease （ESLD） by combining key indicators such as cytokines and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease （MELD） score， and to provide evidence-based support for the early identification of high-risk populations and the optimization of intervention strategies in clinical practice. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 2 167 patients with ESLD who were admitted to The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2022 to December 2024， the patients were divided into a training set with 1 517 patients and a validation set with 650 patients at a ratio of 7∶3 using the stratified random sampling method. A univariate analysis and a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator （LASSO） regression analysis were performed for the training set to identify potential influencing variables， and then a binary Logistic regression model was constructed to investigate the independent influencing factors for HE in ESLD patients. A nomogram prediction model was established based on this regression model， and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was performed. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve， calibration curves， decision curve analysis， and clinical impact curve were used to comprehensively evaluate the degree of fit， accuracy， consistency， and clinical practicability of the predictive model derived from the training set. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed quantitative data between two groups. The chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. ResultsThe univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the study group and the control group in age， sex， blood ammonia， lymphocytes， hemoglobin， platelet count， prothrombin time， fibrinogen， international normalized ratio， total bilirubin， aspartate aminotransferase， total protein， albumin， prealbumin， alkaline phosphatase， cholinesterase， total bile acid， triglyceride， total cholesterol， high-density lipoprotein， low-density lipoprotein， blood glucose， CD3⁺ T cells， CD4⁺ T cells， CD8⁺ T cells， high-sensitivity C-reactive protein， carcinoembryonic antigen， triiodothyronine， thyroxine， free triiodothyronine， free thyroxine， interleukin-1β， interleukin-5， interleukin-6， interleukin-8， interleukin-12p70， interleukin-17， interferon-γ， and MELD score （all P<0.05）. The LASSO regression analysis identified nine variables of age， blood ammonia， albumin， prealbumin， cholinesterase， total cholesterol， thyroxine， interleukin-17， and MELD score， and the binary Logistic regression analysis showed that blood ammonia， interleukin-17， and MELD score were independent risk factors for HE in ESLD patients， while age and thyroxine were independent protective factors （all P<0.05）. A nomogram model was constructed based on these five variables. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test in the training set showed a good degree of fit （P=0.207）， with a McFadden’s pseudo-R² of 0.184， suggesting that the model had acceptable explanatory power； the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test in the internal validation set further confirmed the calibration stability of the model （P=0.067）， suggesting that the model had a good degree of fit in independent data. The model had an area under the ROC curve of 0.784 in the validation set， with a sensitivity of 0.710 and a specificity of 0.752. The mean absolute error of the calibration curve was 0.067， and decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve showed that the nomogram model had positive net benefit and good clinical practicability. ConclusionThe nomogram model constructed based on age， blood ammonia， thyroxine， interleukin-17， and MELD score for predicting HE in patients with ESLD has a good degree of fit， high accuracy and consistency， and excellent clinical practicability.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss. As the incidence of AD continues to rise annually, researchers have shown keen interest in the active components found in natural plants and their neuroprotective effects against AD. Quercetin, a flavonol widely present in fruits and vegetables, has multiple biological effects including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of AD, and the antioxidant properties of quercetin are essential for its neuroprotective function. Quercetin can modulate multiple signaling pathways related to AD, such as Nrf2-ARE, JNK, p38 MAPK, PON2, PI3K/Akt, and PKC, all of which are closely related to oxidative stress. Furthermore, quercetin is capable of inhibiting the aggregation of β‑amyloid protein (Aβ) and the phosphorylation of tau protein, as well as the activity of β‑secretase 1 and acetylcholinesterase, thus slowing down the progression of the disease.The review also provides insights into the pharmacokinetic properties of quercetin, including its absorption, metabolism, and excretion, as well as its bioavailability challenges and clinical applications. To improve the bioavailability and enhance the targeting of quercetin, the potential of quercetin nanomedicine delivery systems in the treatment of AD is also discussed. In summary, the multifaceted mechanisms of quercetin against AD provide a new perspective for drug development. However, translating these findings into clinical practice requires overcoming current limitations and ongoing research. In this way, its therapeutic potential in the treatment of AD can be fully utilized.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated hepatitis C cirrhosis， and to establish a predictive model. MethodsA total of 217 patients who were diagnosed with decompensated hepatitis C cirrhosis and were admitted to The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming l from January， 2019 to December， 2022 were enrolled， among whom 63 patients who were readmitted within at least 1 year and had no portal hypertension-related complications were enrolled as recompensation group， and 154 patients without recompensation were enrolled as control group. Related clinical data were collected， and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for the factors that may affect the occurrence of recompensation. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed measurement data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed measurement data between two groups； the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A binary Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for recompensation in patients with decompensated hepatitis C cirrhosis， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to assess the predictive performance of the model. ResultsAmong the 217 patients with decompensated hepatitis C cirrhosis， 63 （29.03%） had recompensation. There were significant differences between the recompensation group and the control group in HIV history （χ²=4.566， P=0.034）， history of partial splenic embolism （χ²=6.687， P=0.014）， Child-Pugh classification （χ²=11.978， P=0.003）， grade of ascites （χ²=14.229， P<0.001）， albumin （t=4.063， P<0.001）， prealbumin （Z=-3.077， P=0.002）， high-density lipoprotein （t=2.854， P=0.011）， high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （Z=-2.447， P=0.014）， prothrombin time （Z=-2.441， P=0.015）， carcinoembryonic antigen （Z=-2.113， P=0.035）， alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） （Z=-2.063， P=0.039）， CA125 （Z=-2.270， P=0.023）， TT3 （Z=-3.304， P<0.001）， TT4 （Z=-2.221， P=0.026）， CD45⁺ （Z=-2.278， P=0.023）， interleukin-5 （Z=-2.845， P=0.004）， tumor necrosis factor-α （Z=-2.176， P=0.030）， and portal vein width （Z=-5.283， P=0.005）. The multivariate analysis showed that history of partial splenic embolism （odds ratio ［OR］=3.064， P=0.049）， HIV history （OR=0.195， P=0.027）， a small amount of ascites （OR=3.390， P=0.017）， AFP （OR=1.003， P=0.004）， and portal vein width （OR=0.600， P<0.001） were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of recompensation in patients with decompensated hepatitis C cirrhosis. The ROC curve analysis showed that HIV history， grade of ascites， history of partial splenic embolism， AFP， portal vein width， and the combined predictive model of these indices had an area under the ROC curve of 0.556， 0.641， 0.560， 0.589， 0.745， and 0.817， respectively. ConclusionFor patients with decompensated hepatitis C cirrhosis， those with a history of partial splenic embolism， a small amount of ascites， and an increase in AFP level are more likely to experience recompensation， while those with a history of HIV and an increase in portal vein width are less likely to experience recompensation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of the direct-acting antiviral agents coblopasvir hydrochloride/sofosbuvir （CLP/SOF） regimen used alone or in combination with ribavirin （RBV） in the treatment of patients with genotype 3 hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection in terms of virologic response rate， liver function recovery， improvement in liver stiffness measurement （LSM）， and adverse drug reactions， and to provide a reference for clinical medication. MethodsA total of 98 patients with genotype 3 HCV infection who attended The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled， and according to the treatment method， the patients were divided into CLP/SOF+RBV treatment group with 55 patients and CLP/SOF treatment group with 43 patients. The patients were observed in terms of rapid virologic response at week 4 （RVR4）， sustained virologic response （SVR）， previous treatment experience， underlying diseases， laboratory and imaging indicators， and adverse reactions during treatment. The course of treatment was 12 weeks， and the patients were followed up for 12 weeks after drug withdrawal. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups； the Friedman test was used for comparison within each group at different time points， and the Bonferroni method was used for further comparison and correction of P value； the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the influencing factors for SVR12. ResultsBefore treatment， there were significant differences between the CLP/SOF+RBV treatment group and the CLP/SOF treatment group in terms of LSM， total bilirubin （TBil）， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase （GGT）， HCV genotype， and the presence or absence of liver cirrhosis and compensation （all P<0.05）. The 98 patients with genotype 3 HCV infection had an RVR4 rate of 81.6% and an SVR12 rate of 93.9%. The patients with genotype 3a HCV infection had an RVR4 rate of 84.44% and an SVR12 rate of 97.78%， while the patients with genotype 3b HCV infection had an RVR4 rate of 79.25% and an SVR12 rate of 90.57%. There were significant differences in RVR4 and SVR12 rates between the patients without hepatocellular carcinoma and those with hepatocellular carcinoma， there was a significant difference in RVR4 rate between the patients without HIV infection and those with HIV infection， and there was a significant difference in SVR12 rate between the previously untreated patients and the treatment-experienced patients （all P<0.05）. The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that treatment history， hypertension， hepatocellular carcinoma， ascites， albumin （Alb）， and platelet count were influencing factors for SVR12 （all P<0.05）， and the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hepatocellular carcinoma （odds ratio=0.034， 95% confidence interval： 0.002‍ ‍—‍‍ 0.666， P=0.026） was an independent influencing factor for SVR12. After treatment with CLP/SOF combined with RBV or CLP/SOF alone， the patients with genotype 3 HCV infection showed gradual reductions in the liver function parameters of TBil， GGT， and alanine aminotransferase （all P<0.05） and a gradual increase in the level of Alb （P<0.05）. As for renal function， there were no significant changes in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine after treatment （P>0.05）. For the patients with or without liver cirrhosis， there was a significant reduction in LSM from baseline after treatment for 12 weeks （P<0.05）. Among the 98 patients with genotype 3 HCV infection， 9 tested positive for HCV-RNA at 12 weeks after treatment， 2 showed no response during treatment， 4 showed virologic breakthrough， and 3 experienced recurrence. The overall incidence rate of adverse events during treatment was 17.35% for all patients. ConclusionCLP/SOF alone or in combination with RBV has a relatively high SVR rate in the treatment of genotype 3 HCV infection， with good tolerability and safety in patients during treatment， and therefore， it holds promise for clinical application.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of albumin-bilirubin （ALBI）， easy albumin-bilirubin （EZ-ALBI）， and platelet-albumin-bilirubin （PALBI） scores in predicting 2-year survival in patients with HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma （HCV-HCC）. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 174 patients with HCV-HCC who were admitted to The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2020 to January 2022， and the patients were followed up till 2 years after admission. According to the follow-up results， the patients were divided into survival group with 95 patients and death group with 79 patients. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression model analyses were used to investigate the influencing factors for the survival of HCV-HCC patients. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves and analyze the 2-year survival rate of HCV-HCC patients with different EZ-ALBI grades， and the log-rank test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsThere were significant differences between the survival group and the death group in platelet count， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， total bilirubin， albumin （Alb）， alpha-fetoprotein （AFP）， prealbumin， prothrombin time， international normalized ratio， PALBI score， ALBI score， EZ-ALBI score， Model for End-Stage Liver Disease （MELD） score， HCV genotype， peritoneal effusion， and vascular invasion （all P<0.05）. The univariate Cox regression analysis showed that AST， Alb， AFP， ALBI score， EZ-ALBI score， PALBI score， MELD score， Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging， and peritoneal effusion were influencing factors for the survival of patients （all P<0.05）， and the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that EZ-ALBI score （hazard ratio ［HR］=1.850， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.054 — 3.247， P=0.032） and peritoneal effusion （HR=1.993， 95%CI： 1.030 — 3.858， P=0.041） were independent risk factors for the survival of HCV-HCC patients. The survival curve analysis showed that the patients with EZ-ALBI grade 1/2/3 had a 2-year survival rate of 90.9%， 60.2%， and 32.2%， respectively， and there was a significant difference in cumulative survival rate between the patients with different EZ-ALBI grades （χ²=26.294， P<0.001）. ConclusionEZ-ALBI score and the presence or absence of peritoneal effusion can be used as predictors of the survival of HCV-HCC patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic efficacy， influencing factors， and safety of a treatment regimen based on coblopasvir hydrochloride capsules/sofosbuvir tablets in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection in a real-world setting. MethodsA total of 253 patients who attended The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from September 1， 2021 to May 31， 2024 were enrolled， among whom there were 86 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis （CLC group） and 167 patients with chronic hepatitis C （CHC group）. The patients were treated with coblopasvir hydrochloride capsules （60 mg）/sofosbuvir tablets （400 mg） with or without ribavirin tablets for 12 weeks， and they were followed up for 12 weeks after drug withdrawal. The primary outcome measures were the rate of sustained virologic response at week 12 after treatment （SVR12） and safety， and the secondary outcome measures were the changes in liver function， renal function， blood routine， and liver stiffness measurements （LSM） after 4 weeks of treatment， after 12 weeks of treatment， and at 12 weeks after drug withdrawal. The independent-samples t test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the Friedman test was used for comparison between multiple groups， while the Bonferroni method was used for paired comparison within each group； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The Logistic analysis was used to investigate related influencing factors. ResultsThe 253 patients with chronic HCV infection had a mean age of 49.38±8.65 years， and there were 151 male patients （59.7%）. Of all patients， 33.99% （86/253） had liver cirrhosis， 25.69% （65/253） had hypertension， 10.67% （27/253） had HIV infection， 8.70% （22/253） had diabetes， 3.95% （10/253） had liver cancer， 1.98% （5/253） had chronic hepatitis B， and 7.91% （20/253） were treatment-experienced patients. As for genotype distribution， 2.77% （7/253） had genotype 1， 12.65% （32/253） had genotype 2， 66.01% （167/253） had genotype 3， 16.60% （42/253） had genotype 6， and 1.98% （5/253） had unknown genotype. The patients had an overall SVR12 rate of 92.09%， with an SVR12 rate of 93.02% in the CLC group and 91.02% in the CHC group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age （odds ratio ［OR］=1.086， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.007 — 1.170， P=0.032） and HCC （OR=9.178， 95%CI： 1.722 — 48.912， P=0.009） were independent influencing factors for sustained virologic response. Compared with baseline data， the CLC group had significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase （ALT） （χ²=107.103， P0.05）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST） （χ²=90.602， P0.05）， and LSM （χ²=42.235， P0.05） after 12 weeks of treatment， while the CHC group had significant reductions in total bilirubin （χ²=15.113， P0.05）， ALT （χ²=202.237， P0.05）， AST （χ²=161.193， P0.05）， and LSM （χ²=37.606， P0.05）. The incidence rate of serious adverse events was 1.58%， and none of the patients withdrew from drug therapy； the patients with such events were relieved after active symptomatic treatment. The incidence rate of all adverse events was 23.72%， among which fatigue （17.39%） and nausea （2.37%） were the most common adverse events， and these events often disappeared within 2 weeks or were gradually relieved after symptomatic treatment. ConclusionCoblopasvir hydrochloride capsules/sofosbuvir tablets with or without ribavirin tablets has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of chronic HCV infection.