Objective: To analyze the changes and related factors of influenza vaccine hesitancy among college students in Shanghai from 2022 to 2025, so as to provide evidence for influenza prevention and control in universities. Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 1 393 college students from Shanghai universities for electronic questionnaire surveys in June 2022 and January to February 2025. The survey mainly included influenza vaccination status, sources of vaccine related information, and potential related factors. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and binary Logistic regression. Results: The influenza vaccine hesitancy rate among college students in Shanghai was higher in 2025 ( 40.63 %) than in 2022 (31.95%) ( χ 2=22.73), and the hesitancy score [2022:0 (0,5);2025:0 (0,5)] also increased ( Z = -4.16 ) (both P <0.01). The proportion of students exposed to reports of vaccine adverse events rose from 36.90% in 2022 to 59.22 % in 2025 ( χ 2=139.08, P <0.01). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that basic influenza knowledge (2022: OR = 0.79 , 95% CI =0.68-0.92; 2025: OR =0.79, 95% CI =0.69-0.90) and previous self paid vaccination with other vaccines (2022: OR =0.52, 95% CI =0.37-0.75; 2025: OR =0.63, 95% CI =0.48-0.83) were associated with influenza vaccine hesitancy among college students in both years; medical professional background ( OR =0.34, 95% CI =0.17-0.67) and trust in healthcare providers recommendations ( OR =0.31, 95% CI =0.11-0.86) were associated with influenza vaccine hesitancy among college students in 2025 (all P <0.05). Conclusions The phenomenon of influenza vaccine hesitancy among college students in Shanghai has intensified. Increased knowledge has failed to offset concerns arising from exposure to negative information. Medical background and recommendations from healthcare providers have become new related factors.

Objective: To investigate the current status and related factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination intention among male college students in Shanghai, so as to provide references for promoting HPV vaccination among males. Methods: From January to February 2025, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 548 male college students in 10 universities from Shanghai for a self questionnaire survey. The survey included socio demographic characteristics, vaccine hesitancy, vaccine beliefs (complacency, confidence, convenience), HPV knowledge level, health status, social support, and information acquisition channels. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify latent classes of vaccine beliefs, and multinomial Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of vaccination intentions. Results: The acceptance, hesitancy, and refusal rates of HPV vaccine among college students in Shanghai were 39.4% ( n =216), 35.2% ( n =193), and 25.4% ( n =139), respectively. LCA identified four vaccine belief groups: low complacency high confidence (21.4%), high complacency high confidence (36.1%), low complacency low confidence (18.8%), and high complacency low confidence (23.7%). Multinomial Logistic regression showed that vaccine belief category was an important factor affecting vaccination intentions among college students in Shanghai. Compared with the low complacency high confidence group, high complacency low confidence group had the highest risk of vaccine refusal ( OR =24.80， P <0.05). Medical majors ( OR =0.13), participation in basic medical insurance ( OR =0.37), and recommendations from relatives, friends ( OR =0.39) or healthcare professionals ( OR =0.33) reduced the risk of vaccine refusal among male college students in Shanghai (all P <0.05). The Internet (70.6%) was the main source of HPV related information for male college students, and recommendations from healthcare professionals were associated with more positive vaccination intentions. Conclusions HPV vaccine hesitancy and refusal are common among male college students in Shanghai, with significant heterogeneity in vaccine belief structures. Targeted health education based on belief categories should be conducted to improve the vaccination intentions of male college students.

Purpose To investigate the cortical thickness features in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients at various stages and their association with dopamine transporter(DAT)levels in the putamen.Materials and Methods We retrospectively enrolled 30 PD patients and 15 healthy subject who underwent 11C-CFT PET and T1 MRI scans at the Department of Nuclear Medicine/PET Center of Huashan Hospital from August 2016 to October 2020.DAT average radioactivity in the anterior and posterior putamen was analysis using SPM12 software,with the occipital lobe as the reference region.Cortical segmentation and reconstruction were performed on T1 images using Freesurfer v7.2.The differences in cortical thinning between the groups were compared using a general linear model.Additionally,the relationship between cortical thickness in various brain regions and DAT uptake in the putamen were assessed.Results Compared to healthy subjects,significant cortical thinning was observed in the left inferior parietal lobule and the right and left inferior middle frontal gyrus of PD patients(all P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between the cortical thickness of the left inferior parietal lobule and right inferior middle frontal gyrus and DAT uptake in the corresponding anterior/posterior parts of the putamen(r=0.30-0.47,all P<0.05).Furthermore,the DAT uptake in the right precentral gyrus was positively correlated with the ipsilateral posterior putamen,exhibiting a stronger correlation than on the contralateral side(r=0.32,P=0.029).Conclusion The results show that the thickness of the thinning cortex area in the PD patients correlates significantly positively with DAT levels in the putamen,highlighting the importance of the basal ganglia cortical circuit and providing a basis for further research into the neural mechanisms of PD.

Objective To observe the correlation between cortical thickness and pathological deposition of β-amyloid(Aβ)in patients with Alzheimer disease(AD)induced mild cognitive impairment(MCI)or dementia.Methods Totally 22 AD patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into dementia group(n=12)and MCI group(n=10)based on the degree of cognitive impairment,while 17 healthy individuals without cognitive impairment were recruited as control group.MR examination and 18F-florbutaben(18F-FBB)PET imaging were performed,the cortical thickness and Aβ deposition value(Centiloid[CL]value)were calculated and compared among 3 groups and between each 2 groups,then the correlation between the above two indexes was analyzed.Results The cortical thickness in dementia group,MCI group and control group was(2.18±0.14),(2.35±0.08)and(2.36±0.09)mm,respectively,with significant difference among 3 groups(P＜0.05).The cortical thickness in dementia group was significantly thinner than that in MCI group and control group(both P＜0.05).CL value in dementia group,MCI group and control group was 77.97(63.07,95.55),65.51(54.54,90.50)and-1.17(-9.66,4.88),respectively,with significant difference among 3 groups(P＜0.05).CL value in dementia group and MCI group were significantly higher than in control group(both P＜0.05).The cortical thickness was moderately negatively correlated with CL value in MCI group(r=-0.580,P=0.048)but not in the other 2 groups(both P＞0.05).Conclusion The cortical thickness was moderately negatively correlated with abnormal deposition of Aβ in patients with AD induced MCI,but was not during dementia.

Objective:To analyze the status of registration of clinical trials of radiopharmaceuticals in China, and to provide reference for the development and clinical application of radiopharmaceuticals.Methods:By searching the clinical trial registration and information disclosure platform of the Center for Drug Evaluation of the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), the data on clinical trials of radiopharmaceuticals registered from 2014 to 2024 were collected and analyzed for trial design, administered dose, common indications, and geographical distribution.Results:A total of 77 clinical trials were included. The Compound Annual Growth Rate for the number of projects from 2014 to 2024 was 40%. Diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals were predominantly based on 18F and 99Tc m, while therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals primarily utilized 177Lu and 90Y. All indications were concentrated in the field of oncology. Regarding trial design, non-randomized (71.4%), open-label (89.6%), and single-arm (66.2%) trials accounted for the highest proportions. Geographical distribution showed Beijing (29 trials), Shanghai (18 trials), and Jiangsu province (14 trials) as the regions with the highest concentration of clinical trials. Conclusions:Radiopharmaceutical clinical trials in China have shown rapid growth. However, research remains predominantly focused on oncology, with a relatively high proportion of early-stage trials. In order to fully utilize the potentials of radiopharmaceuticals and improve the quality of clinical trials, nuclear medicine researches should broaden therapeutic applications, implement prudently administerd dose in clinical trials, and implement optimized radiation protection procedures across all clinical trial centers.

Purpose To investigate the cortical thickness features in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients at various stages and their association with dopamine transporter(DAT)levels in the putamen.Materials and Methods We retrospectively enrolled 30 PD patients and 15 healthy subject who underwent 11C-CFT PET and T1 MRI scans at the Department of Nuclear Medicine/PET Center of Huashan Hospital from August 2016 to October 2020.DAT average radioactivity in the anterior and posterior putamen was analysis using SPM12 software,with the occipital lobe as the reference region.Cortical segmentation and reconstruction were performed on T1 images using Freesurfer v7.2.The differences in cortical thinning between the groups were compared using a general linear model.Additionally,the relationship between cortical thickness in various brain regions and DAT uptake in the putamen were assessed.Results Compared to healthy subjects,significant cortical thinning was observed in the left inferior parietal lobule and the right and left inferior middle frontal gyrus of PD patients(all P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between the cortical thickness of the left inferior parietal lobule and right inferior middle frontal gyrus and DAT uptake in the corresponding anterior/posterior parts of the putamen(r=0.30-0.47,all P<0.05).Furthermore,the DAT uptake in the right precentral gyrus was positively correlated with the ipsilateral posterior putamen,exhibiting a stronger correlation than on the contralateral side(r=0.32,P=0.029).Conclusion The results show that the thickness of the thinning cortex area in the PD patients correlates significantly positively with DAT levels in the putamen,highlighting the importance of the basal ganglia cortical circuit and providing a basis for further research into the neural mechanisms of PD.

Objective To observe the correlation between cortical thickness and pathological deposition of β-amyloid(Aβ)in patients with Alzheimer disease(AD)induced mild cognitive impairment(MCI)or dementia.Methods Totally 22 AD patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into dementia group(n=12)and MCI group(n=10)based on the degree of cognitive impairment,while 17 healthy individuals without cognitive impairment were recruited as control group.MR examination and 18F-florbutaben(18F-FBB)PET imaging were performed,the cortical thickness and Aβ deposition value(Centiloid[CL]value)were calculated and compared among 3 groups and between each 2 groups,then the correlation between the above two indexes was analyzed.Results The cortical thickness in dementia group,MCI group and control group was(2.18±0.14),(2.35±0.08)and(2.36±0.09)mm,respectively,with significant difference among 3 groups(P＜0.05).The cortical thickness in dementia group was significantly thinner than that in MCI group and control group(both P＜0.05).CL value in dementia group,MCI group and control group was 77.97(63.07,95.55),65.51(54.54,90.50)and-1.17(-9.66,4.88),respectively,with significant difference among 3 groups(P＜0.05).CL value in dementia group and MCI group were significantly higher than in control group(both P＜0.05).The cortical thickness was moderately negatively correlated with CL value in MCI group(r=-0.580,P=0.048)but not in the other 2 groups(both P＞0.05).Conclusion The cortical thickness was moderately negatively correlated with abnormal deposition of Aβ in patients with AD induced MCI,but was not during dementia.

Objective:To analyze the status of registration of clinical trials of radiopharmaceuticals in China, and to provide reference for the development and clinical application of radiopharmaceuticals.Methods:By searching the clinical trial registration and information disclosure platform of the Center for Drug Evaluation of the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), the data on clinical trials of radiopharmaceuticals registered from 2014 to 2024 were collected and analyzed for trial design, administered dose, common indications, and geographical distribution.Results:A total of 77 clinical trials were included. The Compound Annual Growth Rate for the number of projects from 2014 to 2024 was 40%. Diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals were predominantly based on 18F and 99Tc m, while therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals primarily utilized 177Lu and 90Y. All indications were concentrated in the field of oncology. Regarding trial design, non-randomized (71.4%), open-label (89.6%), and single-arm (66.2%) trials accounted for the highest proportions. Geographical distribution showed Beijing (29 trials), Shanghai (18 trials), and Jiangsu province (14 trials) as the regions with the highest concentration of clinical trials. Conclusions:Radiopharmaceutical clinical trials in China have shown rapid growth. However, research remains predominantly focused on oncology, with a relatively high proportion of early-stage trials. In order to fully utilize the potentials of radiopharmaceuticals and improve the quality of clinical trials, nuclear medicine researches should broaden therapeutic applications, implement prudently administerd dose in clinical trials, and implement optimized radiation protection procedures across all clinical trial centers.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical effects of percutaneous endoscopic surgery through two different approaches for stable degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. METHODS: Sixty-four patients with stable degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent percutaneous endoscopic procedures between January 2016 and December 2019 were divided into transforaminal approach group and interlaminar approach group according to surgical approaches, 32 patients in each group. There were 16 males and 16 females in transforaminal approach group, aged from 52 to 84 years old with an average of (66.03±9.60) years, L₂ slippage in 4 cases, L₃ slippage in 5, and L₄ slippage in 23. There were 17 males and 15 females in interlaminar approach group, aged from 46 to 81 years old with an average of (61.38±9.88) years, L₃ slippage in 3 cases, L₄ slippage in 15, and L₅ slippage in 14. Operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, and postoperative bedtime were compared between two groups. Anteroposterior displacement values, interbody opening angles, and the percentage of slippage were measured on preoperative and postoperative 12-month dynamic radiographs. Visual analogue scale (VAS) of low back pain and lower extremity pain, and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score before and after surgery were observed, and clinical effects were evaluated according to the modified MACNAB criteria. RESULTS: All operations were successfully completed, and patients in both groups were followed up for more than 1 year, and without complications during follow-up period. ①There was no significant difference in operation time between two groups(P>0.05). Intraoperative fluoroscopy times were longer in transforaminal approach group than that in intervertebral approach group(P<0.05). Postoperative bedtime was shorter in transforaminal approach group than that in intervertebral approach group (P<0.05).② No lumbar instability was found on dynamic radiography at 12 months postoperatively in both groups. There were no significant differences in anteroposterior displacement values, interbody opening angles, and the percentage of slippage between two groups postoperative 12 months and preoperative 1 day(P>0.05). ③There was no significant difference between two groups in VAS of low back pain at 3 days and 1, 12 months after the operation compared with the preoperative(P>0.05), but the VAS of the lower extremity pain was significantly improved compared with the preoperative(P<0.05). Both of groups showed significant improvement in JOA score at 12 months compared with preoperatively(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS of low back pain, lower extremity pain and JOA scores between two groups during the same period after surgery(P>0.05). According to modified Macnab criteria, excellent, good, fair and poor outcomes were 21, 7, 3 and 1 in transforaminal approach group respectively, and which in intervertebral approach group were 20, 7, 5 and 0, there was no significant difference in clinical effect between the groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Intervertebral approach may reduce intraoperative fluoroscopy times and transforaminal approach can shorten postoperative bedtime, both approaches achieve satisfactory results in the treatment of stable degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis with no progression of short-term slippage.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Spondylolisthesis/surgery* ; Low Back Pain/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Spinal Fusion/methods* ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To investigate characteristics and differences of cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with anti- N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis from the perspective of different trigger factors of antibodies. Methods:A total of 15 patients (8 males, 7 females, age (30.5±17.7) years) with anti-NMDAR encephalitis between January 2016 and January 2019 in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were recruited retrospectively. All patients underwent resting state cerebral 18F-FDG PET imaging. The characteristics of brain glucose metabolism were analyzed, and the SUV ratio (SUVR) was semi-quantitatively compared with that in 12 healthy subjects (HS; 7 males, 5 females, age (51.5±9.6) years). Independent-sample t test was used to analyze the data. Results:Among 15 patients, 5 patients were viral encephalitis-related anti-NMDAR encephalitis, showing focal decreased metabolism in unilateral temporal lobe or basal ganglia (SUVR: patients: 0.659±0.219; HS: 1.754±0.203; t=-9.58, P<0.001), with increased metabolism in contralateral temporal lobe or basal ganglia (SUVR: patients: 2.275±0.244; HS: 1.960±0.227; t=2.55, P=0.022) in 18F-FDG PET imaging. Six patients were cryptogenic anti-NMDAR encephalitis, showing asymmetric increased metabolism in frontal, temporal, parietal and basal ganglia (SUVR: patients: 2.482±0.395; HS: 1.754±0.203; t=5.23, P<0.001), with decreased metabolism in bilateral occipital lobes. The remaining 4 cases were paraneoplastic origin accompanied by teratoma, showing increased metabolism in bilateral temporal and basal ganglia (SUVR: patient: 2.359±0.181; HS: 1.960±0.227; t=3.16, P=0.007), with mild decreased metabolism in bilateral occipital lobe. Conclusions:The abnormal changes of cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis can be divided into at least three patterns according to different trigger factors. A comprehensive understanding of these characteristic metabolic changes is helpful for detecting disease, and may provide potential value in indicating different causes.