Objective:To correlate peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with the occurrence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods:This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 203 patients who underwent long-term MHD at the Blood Purification Center, Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from May to June 2021 were included in this study. The counts of peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes were determined and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was calculated. These patients were divided into a RLS group and a non-RLS group according to whether they developed RLS. RLS-related factors were evaluated using face-to-face interview questionnaires. Various clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed. The influential factors of RLS in patients undergoing MHD were analyzed through univariate regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 203 patients undergoing MHD were enrolled, 30 individuals were determined as current RLS cases (14.78%). The levels of NLR and PTH in the RLS group were 4.86 (3.39, 5.82) L/L and 244.50 (143.25, 406.50) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal group [3.51 (2.60, 5.24) L/L, 147.00 (94.80, 263.50) ng/L, Z = -3.38, -2.64, both P < 0.05]. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, PTH, uric acid, and neutrophil count were correlated with RLS (Wald χ2 = 7.96, 4.99, 4.76, 8.33, all P < 0.05). NLR was the independent risk factor of RLS (Wald χ2 = 6.14, P < 0.05) in multivariate models adjusting for confounding factor. Conclusion:The prevalence of RLS is high in patients undergoing MHD. RLS is assicuated with NLR among patients undergoing MHD after adjusting for confounding factor. RLS is likely associated with systemic inflammatory diseases.

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is one of the common nosocomial infections in burn patients. It not only extends the length of hospital stay of patients, increases the economic burden on family and society, but also seriously affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients, increases the risk of death of patients. In this paper, the epidemiological characteristics, influencing factors, and prevention measures of CAUTI in burn patients are reviewed to draw high attention of clinical medical staff and to provide some reference for clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of uremic pruritus and related factors in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods:A total of 212 patients with uremia who undergo hemodialysis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University in March 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including gender, age and blood biochemical indicators were collected. The 5D itch scale was used to evaluate skin itch in patients. The included patients were divided into pruritus and no pruritus groups according to evaluation results. Related indicators were compared between the two groups. Binary logistic regression analysis of skin itch related factors was performed.Results:According to 5D itch scale evaluation results, 129 patients (60.85%) of the 212 patients had no skin pruritus, and 83 patients (39.15%) had skin pruritus. In the pruritus group, age, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, brain natriuretic peptide, ferritin were 63.0 (51.0, 72.0) years, 1.66 (0.30, 7.85) mg/L, 93.0 (70.0, 118.0) U/L, 192.0 (84.9, 446.4) ng/L and 421.0 (291.6, 577.6) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than 53.0 (42.0, 63.0) years, 0.40 (0.30, 1.88) mg/L, 79.0 (62.0, 99.0) U/L, 143.3 (65.8, 256.5) ng/L, 356.8 (203.3, 528.4) μg/L in the pruritus group ( Z = -3.14, -3.96, -3.05, -2.88, -2.11, all P < 0.05). Increased hypersensitive C-reactive protein, brain natriuretic peptide, ferritin levels ( Wald = 14.58, 4.17, 4.23, all P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for uremic pruritus. Conclusion:Uremic pruritus remains a serious problem in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Increased hypersensitive C-reactive protein, ferritin, brain natriuretic peptide levels are independent risk factors for uremic pruritus. In clinical work, physicians should focus on strengthening the early identification of patients, optimizing treatment measures, and improving the quality of life of patients.

Objective To investigate the application of liver three-dimensional (3D) visualized reconstruction technique in hepatectomy for children with complicated hepatoblastoma. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 30 children with hepatoblastoma who underwent hepatectomy for radical resection in PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center from January 2018 to October 2020, and according to whether liver 3D visualization with IQQA-Liver system was performed before surgery, the children were divided into 3D reconstruction group with 15 children and control group with 15 children. The two groups were compared in terms of perioperative parameters, short-term prognosis, and follow-up conditions. The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the 3D reconstruction group had a significantly higher mean age (55.7±10.2 years vs 28.2±2.7 years, P < 0.05) and a significantly higher number of patients with POSTTEXT stage III/VI hepatoblastoma (12 vs 5, P < 0.05) or involvement of the hepatic vein or the inferior vena cava (11 vs 3, P < 0.05). All children completed the surgery successfully, and there were no significant differences between the two groups in blood loss, time of operation, number of times and duration of hepatic portal occlusion, and number of children receiving segmental hepatectomy or partial hepatectomy (all P > 0.05). The median follow-up after surgery was 9.5 months. In the 3D reconstruction group, 2 children experienced recurrence and were diagnosed at 10 and 12 months, respectively, after surgery, and they were treated with chemotherapy at the moment; in the control group, 4 children experienced recurrence, which was higher than that in the 3D reconstruction group ( P =0.651), and among these 4 children, 2 had recurrence at 7 months after surgery, received liver transplantation, and survived up to now, and the other 2 children died shortly after recurrence. Conclusion 3D visualized reconstruction technique helps to perform hepatectomy for children with complicated hepatoblastoma more safely and accurately, especially extended hepatectomy for patients with stage POST TEXT III/IV hepatoblastoma, thereby avoiding liver transplantation.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the interactive effects of chronic physical diseases and leisure activities on depression in the elderly.Methods:Through a cross-sectional study design, 3 007 adults aged 60 and over were recruited for eligibility psychological status screening between June 20, 2014 and August 20, 2014 in communities of China. Geriatric Depression Inventory (GDI) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Leisure Activity Questionnaire was used to assess the participation of leisure activities. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between chronic physical disease and leisure activity and depression, and the interaction between was also analyzed.Results:In the community cross-sectional survey, the incidence of depression among the elderly in community was 35.78% (1 076/3 007). Logistic regression analysis showed that Diabetes ( OR=1.42, 95 %CI: 1.14-1.76), hyperlipidemia ( OR=1.27, 95 %CI: 1.09-1.56), coronary heart disease ( OR=1.31, 95 %CI: 1.04-1.63), and transient ischemic attack ( OR=1.31, 95 %CI: 1.04-1.63) were significantly associated with increased risk of geriatric depression (all P<0.05), while stretching and flexibility exercises ( OR=0.79, 95 %CI: 0.68-0.92) was associated with a decrease in the risk of depression ( P<0.05). Diabetes and non-participation in stretching exercises had an interactive effect as a risk factor for depression [attributable proportion due to interaction (AP)=41.75%]. Conclusions:Depression is common in the elderly in the community. Chronic physical diseases may increase the risk of geriatric depression, especially diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, and transient ischemic attack. Active participation in stretching exercises may be beneficial to reduce the occurrence of depression.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the interactive effects of chronic physical diseases and leisure activities on depression in the elderly.Methods:Through a cross-sectional study design, 3 007 adults aged 60 and over were recruited for eligibility psychological status screening between June 20, 2014 and August 20, 2014 in communities of China. Geriatric Depression Inventory (GDI) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Leisure Activity Questionnaire was used to assess the participation of leisure activities. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between chronic physical disease and leisure activity and depression, and the interaction between was also analyzed.Results:In the community cross-sectional survey, the incidence of depression among the elderly in community was 35.78% (1 076/3 007). Logistic regression analysis showed that Diabetes ( OR=1.42, 95 %CI: 1.14-1.76), hyperlipidemia ( OR=1.27, 95 %CI: 1.09-1.56), coronary heart disease ( OR=1.31, 95 %CI: 1.04-1.63), and transient ischemic attack ( OR=1.31, 95 %CI: 1.04-1.63) were significantly associated with increased risk of geriatric depression (all P<0.05), while stretching and flexibility exercises ( OR=0.79, 95 %CI: 0.68-0.92) was associated with a decrease in the risk of depression ( P<0.05). Diabetes and non-participation in stretching exercises had an interactive effect as a risk factor for depression [attributable proportion due to interaction (AP)=41.75%]. Conclusions:Depression is common in the elderly in the community. Chronic physical diseases may increase the risk of geriatric depression, especially diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, and transient ischemic attack. Active participation in stretching exercises may be beneficial to reduce the occurrence of depression.

Objective To understand the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and to compare the geographical distribution for the early prevention and treatment of disease,and to provide the reference basis for the establishment of related policies.Method Systematical search method and inclusion criterion were made and relative English and Chinese database such as China biology medicine disc (CBMdisc),China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI),VIP database (VIP),WanFang,Pubmed,excerpta medica database (EMBASE),the cochrane library were searched.Tailored quality evaluation standard of epidemiological research was used to evaluate study quality for each included study.I2 was used to measure the heterogeneity between studies,and relevant model of meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were carried out to merger and analyze data.Subgroup analysis was used to explore heterogeneity.Results Overall,in the present 40 relevant articles were included.The quality assessment was good (median score was 15).Meta-analyses were conducted for 40 cross-sectional studies investigating the prevalence of MCI,the pooled prevalence of MCI was 14.5％ (95％CI 12.8％-16.2％).Subgroup results showed that in recent years,the prevalence rate has been gradually increased over time.There was a higher prevalence in those who were older.The prevalence rate of female were higher than that of male(16.0％(95％CI 14.2％-17.9％) vs.12.6％(95％CI 10.8％-14.4％)),rural were higher than that of urban (18.2％(95％CI 14.2％-22.1％) vs.13.6％ (95％ CI 11.9％-15.3％)).Prevalence was decreased while cultural level rising,and that of single (including single,divorce or live alone) elderly was higher than married people.Conclusion MCI in China have a high prevalence.Over the past decade,the prevalence and incidence of MCI were significantly affected by age,gender,education level,marital status,place of residence and other factors.

Objective To understand the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and to compare the geographical distribution for the early prevention and treatment of disease,and to provide the reference basis for the establishment of related policies.Method Systematical search method and inclusion criterion were made and relative English and Chinese database such as China biology medicine disc (CBMdisc),China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI),VIP database (VIP),WanFang,Pubmed,excerpta medica database (EMBASE),the cochrane library were searched.Tailored quality evaluation standard of epidemiological research was used to evaluate study quality for each included study.I2 was used to measure the heterogeneity between studies,and relevant model of meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were carried out to merger and analyze data.Subgroup analysis was used to explore heterogeneity.Results Overall,in the present 40 relevant articles were included.The quality assessment was good (median score was 15).Meta-analyses were conducted for 40 cross-sectional studies investigating the prevalence of MCI,the pooled prevalence of MCI was 14.5％ (95％CI 12.8％-16.2％).Subgroup results showed that in recent years,the prevalence rate has been gradually increased over time.There was a higher prevalence in those who were older.The prevalence rate of female were higher than that of male(16.0％(95％CI 14.2％-17.9％) vs.12.6％(95％CI 10.8％-14.4％)),rural were higher than that of urban (18.2％(95％CI 14.2％-22.1％) vs.13.6％ (95％ CI 11.9％-15.3％)).Prevalence was decreased while cultural level rising,and that of single (including single,divorce or live alone) elderly was higher than married people.Conclusion MCI in China have a high prevalence.Over the past decade,the prevalence and incidence of MCI were significantly affected by age,gender,education level,marital status,place of residence and other factors.

In recent years,a considerable number of epidemiological investigations and animal studies have confirmed that metabolic diseases, such as obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, have adverse effects on brain functions,inducing mood disorders and cognition impairment. Brain dysfunctions induced by obesity and related complications are associated with numerous central abnormalities,involving brain shrinkage and neurotrophic function impairment,brain insulin resistance, brain oxidative stress,and brain leptin resistance,as well as dysfunctioned dopamine motivation and the reward system. Moreover,these brain dysfunctions are mediated by several peripheral factors, such as triglycerides/free fatty acids,proinflammatory cytokines,and corticosterone/glucocorticoid. On the other hand,metabolic disturbances correlated with emotional-cognitive disorders are evident,but the mechanisms remain obscure. Because of the drawbacks of animal models, the majority of researches focus on the impact of mental stress on the metabolism of lipid and glucose. The interrela?tionship between metabolic diseases and brain functions has become one of the hot spots for research. In this review,we mainly discussed the potential mechanisms underlying mood disorders and cognition impairment induced by obesity and related complications.

Objective To explore the expression of pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) and c-myc gene in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL),its relationship with NHL and its clinical significance.Methods PTTG mRNA and c-myc mRNA levels in bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMNC) isolated from 38 NHL patients and 10 chronic lymphadenitis patients were quantified by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results mRNA expression of PTTG and c-myc gene in BMMNC was significantly higher in NHL patients than those in normal controls (PTTG:0.567 7±0.270 7 vs 0.071 2± 0.020 1,t =4.706,P ＜ 0.05; c-myc:0.352 6±0.185 4 vs 0.107 3±0.043 5,t =3.303,P =0.002).The expression of PTTG and c-myc gene in peripheral T cell lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma showed no significant difference (PTTG:0.556 8±0.211 3 vs 0.602 8±0.244 6,t =0.640,P =0.527; c-myc:0.350 1± 0.177 6 vs 0.361 0±0.190 2,t =0.302,P =0.765).Both expression of PTTG and c-myc were positively related to NHL clinical stage and IPI.Expression of PTTG mRNA was positively related to the expression of c-myc mRNA.Conclusion There was overexpression of PTTG and c-myc in NHL,which indicates that PTTG might be involved in tumorigenesis of NHL through direct or indirect activation of c-myc oncogene.