Objective:To summarize the best evidence for nutrition management of sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), to guide the development of nutrition management programs.Methods:Using the 6S evidence model, literature on nutrition management of sarcopenia in MHD patients was electronically retrieved from databases and websites including UpToDate, Guidelines International Network, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, UK Kidney Association, PubMed, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search period was from database establishment to July 30, 2024. After screening and quality assessment of the literature, evidence was extracted and summarized.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, comprising one clinical decision, six guidelines, five systematic reviews, five expert consensus, and two randomized controlled trials. Twenty-six pieces of evidence were summarized from six aspects of nutrition team establishment and counseling, nutritional screening and assessment, nutritional support, nutrient intake, nutritional monitoring, and health education.Conclusions:The evidence summary on nutrition management of sarcopenia in MHD patients provides a basis for implementing nutritional interventions. Evidence transformation and application should be conducted in accordance with patient preferences and the actual clinical context.

Objective To study the frequency of gene mutations in 522 children with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)deficiency who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University to explore the genetic mutation characteris-tics of them in children in Guizhou region.Methods To select 522 pediatric patients who underwent G6PD genetic testing at the Affilia-ted Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 1,2017 to December 30,2023,and the frequency and clinical characteristics of these patients were analyzed.Results Among the 522 patients with gene mutations,male cases accounted for 91.18％,female cases ac-counted for 8.82％,and the average age was(1.66±1.89)years;a total of 18 types of mutations were detected in this study,including 10 G6PD gene mutations and 8 compound gene mutations.The four main genotypes were c.1388 G＞A,c.1024 C＞T,c.95 A＞G and c.1376 G＞T,accounting for 29.31％,23.75％,17.63％and 17.06％,respectively;Among the cases,male patients accounted for 91.18％,and all cases of compound mutations were female;The majority were class B variants,and no class A were detected.Conclu-sion Eighteen G6PD gene mutations were detected with G6PD deficiency,and c.1388 G＞A,c.1024 C＞T,c.95 A＞G,c.1376 G＞T were the first four types;The majority of patients were male,with a variety of complex mutation types,all of which were found in female patients.Guizhou province is a high-risk area for G6PD deficiency,and G6PD gene testing is beneficial for early diagnosis,prevention of G6PD deficiency and treatment of serious complications such as hemolysis and jaundice caused by G6PD gene deficiency.

Objective:To summarize the best evidence for nutrition management of sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), to guide the development of nutrition management programs.Methods:Using the 6S evidence model, literature on nutrition management of sarcopenia in MHD patients was electronically retrieved from databases and websites including UpToDate, Guidelines International Network, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, UK Kidney Association, PubMed, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search period was from database establishment to July 30, 2024. After screening and quality assessment of the literature, evidence was extracted and summarized.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, comprising one clinical decision, six guidelines, five systematic reviews, five expert consensus, and two randomized controlled trials. Twenty-six pieces of evidence were summarized from six aspects of nutrition team establishment and counseling, nutritional screening and assessment, nutritional support, nutrient intake, nutritional monitoring, and health education.Conclusions:The evidence summary on nutrition management of sarcopenia in MHD patients provides a basis for implementing nutritional interventions. Evidence transformation and application should be conducted in accordance with patient preferences and the actual clinical context.

Objective To study the frequency of gene mutations in 522 children with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)deficiency who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University to explore the genetic mutation characteris-tics of them in children in Guizhou region.Methods To select 522 pediatric patients who underwent G6PD genetic testing at the Affilia-ted Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 1,2017 to December 30,2023,and the frequency and clinical characteristics of these patients were analyzed.Results Among the 522 patients with gene mutations,male cases accounted for 91.18％,female cases ac-counted for 8.82％,and the average age was(1.66±1.89)years;a total of 18 types of mutations were detected in this study,including 10 G6PD gene mutations and 8 compound gene mutations.The four main genotypes were c.1388 G＞A,c.1024 C＞T,c.95 A＞G and c.1376 G＞T,accounting for 29.31％,23.75％,17.63％and 17.06％,respectively;Among the cases,male patients accounted for 91.18％,and all cases of compound mutations were female;The majority were class B variants,and no class A were detected.Conclu-sion Eighteen G6PD gene mutations were detected with G6PD deficiency,and c.1388 G＞A,c.1024 C＞T,c.95 A＞G,c.1376 G＞T were the first four types;The majority of patients were male,with a variety of complex mutation types,all of which were found in female patients.Guizhou province is a high-risk area for G6PD deficiency,and G6PD gene testing is beneficial for early diagnosis,prevention of G6PD deficiency and treatment of serious complications such as hemolysis and jaundice caused by G6PD gene deficiency.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） among female college students at a university in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province， and to facilitate early detection and intervention of PCOS. MethodsUsing a stratified sampling method， a total of 450 female freshmen were randomly selected for PCOS screening. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection， covering menstrual status， high androgen signs， lifestyle， dietary habits， and awareness of PCOS. Sample t test and χ² test were used to compare the basic information and dietary habits between PCOS and non-PCOS cases. The correlation between various indicators and the prevalence of PCOS was analyzed by a logistic regression model. ResultsA total of 12 PCOS cases were identified， with a prevalence rate of 2.99%. PCOS cases exhibited statistically significant differences compared to non-PCOS cases in terms of waist-to-hip ratio， waist circumference， abdominal obesity， the proportion of overweight or obese individuals， and a preference for sweet food （all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preference for sweet food and the occurrence of PCOS （OR=4.858， 95%CI=1.199‒19.675，P=0.027）， as well as a significant correlation with PCOS accompanied by abdominal obesity （OR=7.083， 95%CI=0.773‒64.937， P=0.048）. Among the female college students surveyed， 37.90% had never heard of PCOS， 51.62% were only familiar with the name of the disease， and 10.47% had attempted to search for PCOS-related information. ConclusionThe prevalence of PCOS among female college students should not be overlooked and unhealthy dietary habits may be a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence of PCOS during this period. Early screening for PCOS during puberty is crucial.