Aim To investigate the effect of interdialytic serum potassium levels on thrombosis of autologous ar-teriovenous fistula(AVF)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)on maintenance haemodialysis(MHD).Methods 159 CKD patients who underwent MHD in our hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into hyperkalemia group(n=53),normal serum potassium group(n=61)and hypokalemia group(n=45)according to the mean serum potassium level of patients with different dialysis intervals,and all patients were followed up for 1 year or followed up until AVF thrombosis.General datas were collected and the following indicators were detected at the time of patient enrolment,including biochemical indicators,inflammatory factors,ultrasound indicators of AVF and oxidative stress factors levels.Multifactorial Logistic regression equations were used to analyze the effects of clinical indicators on AVF thrombosis in MHD patients,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to assess the predictive efficacy of clinical indicators on AVF thrombosis;And interval likelihood ratio was used to stratify interdialyt-ic serum potassium levels,and further observe whether the relationship was stability between AVF thrombosis and interdia-lytic serum potassium levels in MHD patients.Results Compared with the normal serum potassium group,the levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH),procalcitonin(PCT),triglyceride(TG),malondial-dehyde(MDA),myeloperoxidase(MPO),brachial artery resistance index(RI),brachial artery pulsatility index(PI)and radial artery PI were significantly elevated in hyperkalemia group and hypokalemia group,while the levels of albumin(Alb),total cholesterol(TC),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and fistula blood flow were significantly reduced(P＜0.05).Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fistula blood flow,Alb and SOD levels were significantly lower in patients with AVF thrombosis than those in patients with AVF unthrombosis(P＜0.05);Interdialytic mean serum potassium level,CRP,iPTH,PCT,brachial artery RI,brachial artery PI,radial artery PI,radial artery RI,MDA and MPO levels were significantly higher in patients with AVF thrombosis(P＜0.05).The ROC curve was used to analyse the model estab-lished by the multifactorial Logistic regression equation,and it was found that model 1 and model 2 had good predictive effi-cacy,and model 2 had the best predictive efficacy.The results of the interval likelihood ratio showed that:when the patient's interdialytic serum potassium level was 3.5～4.5 mmol/L,the possibility of the patient's AVF thrombosis was the lowest,and when the patient's interdialytic serum potassium level was＞5.5 mmol/L or＜3.5 mmol/L,the possibility of the patient's AVF thrombosis was higher,and when the patient's serum potassium level was＞5.5 mmol/L,the probability of AVF thrombosis was the highest in patients,which was 3.925 times higher than that of patients without AVF thrombosis.Conclusion Abnormal interdialytic serum potassium levels may induce AVF thrombosis in CKD patients.Serum potassium levels can be monitored during MHD treatment to enable timely intervention and improve clinical treatment outcomes for patients.

Aim To investigate the effect of interdialytic serum potassium levels on thrombosis of autologous ar-teriovenous fistula(AVF)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)on maintenance haemodialysis(MHD).Methods 159 CKD patients who underwent MHD in our hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into hyperkalemia group(n=53),normal serum potassium group(n=61)and hypokalemia group(n=45)according to the mean serum potassium level of patients with different dialysis intervals,and all patients were followed up for 1 year or followed up until AVF thrombosis.General datas were collected and the following indicators were detected at the time of patient enrolment,including biochemical indicators,inflammatory factors,ultrasound indicators of AVF and oxidative stress factors levels.Multifactorial Logistic regression equations were used to analyze the effects of clinical indicators on AVF thrombosis in MHD patients,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to assess the predictive efficacy of clinical indicators on AVF thrombosis;And interval likelihood ratio was used to stratify interdialyt-ic serum potassium levels,and further observe whether the relationship was stability between AVF thrombosis and interdia-lytic serum potassium levels in MHD patients.Results Compared with the normal serum potassium group,the levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH),procalcitonin(PCT),triglyceride(TG),malondial-dehyde(MDA),myeloperoxidase(MPO),brachial artery resistance index(RI),brachial artery pulsatility index(PI)and radial artery PI were significantly elevated in hyperkalemia group and hypokalemia group,while the levels of albumin(Alb),total cholesterol(TC),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and fistula blood flow were significantly reduced(P＜0.05).Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fistula blood flow,Alb and SOD levels were significantly lower in patients with AVF thrombosis than those in patients with AVF unthrombosis(P＜0.05);Interdialytic mean serum potassium level,CRP,iPTH,PCT,brachial artery RI,brachial artery PI,radial artery PI,radial artery RI,MDA and MPO levels were significantly higher in patients with AVF thrombosis(P＜0.05).The ROC curve was used to analyse the model estab-lished by the multifactorial Logistic regression equation,and it was found that model 1 and model 2 had good predictive effi-cacy,and model 2 had the best predictive efficacy.The results of the interval likelihood ratio showed that:when the patient's interdialytic serum potassium level was 3.5～4.5 mmol/L,the possibility of the patient's AVF thrombosis was the lowest,and when the patient's interdialytic serum potassium level was＞5.5 mmol/L or＜3.5 mmol/L,the possibility of the patient's AVF thrombosis was higher,and when the patient's serum potassium level was＞5.5 mmol/L,the probability of AVF thrombosis was the highest in patients,which was 3.925 times higher than that of patients without AVF thrombosis.Conclusion Abnormal interdialytic serum potassium levels may induce AVF thrombosis in CKD patients.Serum potassium levels can be monitored during MHD treatment to enable timely intervention and improve clinical treatment outcomes for patients.

Objective To observe the reliability of regional 4D flow and whole heart 4D flow cardiac MRI(CMRI)for measuring hemodynamic parameters of left ventricle.Methods Heart ultrasonography and CMRI were prospectively obtained in 31 healthy subjects.Hemodynamic parameters of left ventricle were measured using heart ultrasound,3-chamber 4D flow CMRI(based on inflow and outflow channel of left ventricle)and whole heart 4D flow CMRI,respectively.Intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC)was performed to evaluate the consistencies of the measured left ventricle hemodynamic parameters among the above 3 methods.Results Good consistencies of peak systolic velocity in aortic supravalvular/subvalvular,E peak diastolic velocity of mitral valve,supravalvular/subvalvular aortic pressure and aortic valve pressure gradient(all ICC＞0.75),while moderate consistency of A peak diastolic velocity of mitral valve(ICC=0.718)were found between heart ultrasound and 3-chamber 4D flow CMRI.Good consistencies of peak systolic velocity in aortic supravalvular/subvalvular,A peak diastolic velocity of mitral valve and supravalvular/subvalvular aortic pressure(all ICC＞0.75),while moderate consistencies of E peak diastolic velocity of mitral valve and aortic valve pressure gradient(ICC=0.600,0.628)were found between heart ultrasound and whole heart 4D flow CMRI.Meanwhile,good consistencies of the above parameters were found between 3-chamber 4D flow CMRI and whole heart 4D flow CMRI(all ICC＞0.75).Conclusion Measuring left ventricular hemodynamic parameters using local regional 4D flow and whole heart 4D flow CMRI were reliable,with good consistency with cardiac ultrasound.

Objective To investigate the feature and mechanism of electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in different onset parts after different types of acute stroke.MethodsA retrospective analysis about ECG was performed according to data of 163 acute stroke patients.ResultsThe abnormal ratio of ECG had no significant difference between hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Moreover, the patients with onset areas on basal ganglia and thalamus had a higher rate of abnormal ECG.ConclusionThe patients with acute stroke have a higher incidence of abnormal ECG. The changes of ECG are associate with types and areas of injury.