Objective:To compare the efficacy differences between the combination therapy of Callicarpa nudiflora and dexamethasone versus dexamethasone monotherapy via retention enema in the treatment of acute radiation proctitis.Methods:A total of 100 patients with pelvic malignancies who developed acute radiation proctitis during radiotherapy at Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital from November 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled,and randomly divided into two groups:a control group(50 cases)vs a treatment group(50 cases).Based on the acute radiation injury scoring criteria established by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group(RTOG),patients with injury severity scores≤1 were excluded.Subsequently,the remaining patients received the following interventions:the control group(45 cases)underwent single-agent dexamethasone retention enema,while the treatment group(47 cases)received a combined regimen of Callicarpa nudiflora combined with dexamethasone retention enema.Clinical symptoms,defecation frequency,and routine fecal parameters(leukocyte and erythrocyte counts)were recorded before and at 2 weeks of retention enema,to compare the efficacy differences between the two regimens.Results:A statistically significant difference in therapeutic efficacy was observed between the treatment and control groups(χ2=11.37,P=0.003,P<0.05),with the regimen of Callicarpa nudiflora combined with dexamethasone retention enema in the treatment group demonstrating a markedly higher efficacy rate compared to the regimen of single-agent dexamethasone retention enema in the control group(82.2%vs 62.2%).Conclusion:Callicarpa nudiflora combined with dexamethasone retention enema in the treatment of acute radiation proctitis,can significantly alleviates clinical symptoms and improves life quality of patients with acute radiation proctitis.This approach provides novel insights for optimizing clinical treatment strategies for acute radiation proctitis.

Objective:To compare the efficacy differences between the combination therapy of Callicarpa nudiflora and dexamethasone versus dexamethasone monotherapy via retention enema in the treatment of acute radiation proctitis.Methods:A total of 100 patients with pelvic malignancies who developed acute radiation proctitis during radiotherapy at Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital from November 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled,and randomly divided into two groups:a control group(50 cases)vs a treatment group(50 cases).Based on the acute radiation injury scoring criteria established by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group(RTOG),patients with injury severity scores≤1 were excluded.Subsequently,the remaining patients received the following interventions:the control group(45 cases)underwent single-agent dexamethasone retention enema,while the treatment group(47 cases)received a combined regimen of Callicarpa nudiflora combined with dexamethasone retention enema.Clinical symptoms,defecation frequency,and routine fecal parameters(leukocyte and erythrocyte counts)were recorded before and at 2 weeks of retention enema,to compare the efficacy differences between the two regimens.Results:A statistically significant difference in therapeutic efficacy was observed between the treatment and control groups(χ2=11.37,P=0.003,P<0.05),with the regimen of Callicarpa nudiflora combined with dexamethasone retention enema in the treatment group demonstrating a markedly higher efficacy rate compared to the regimen of single-agent dexamethasone retention enema in the control group(82.2%vs 62.2%).Conclusion:Callicarpa nudiflora combined with dexamethasone retention enema in the treatment of acute radiation proctitis,can significantly alleviates clinical symptoms and improves life quality of patients with acute radiation proctitis.This approach provides novel insights for optimizing clinical treatment strategies for acute radiation proctitis.

Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma(EATL)is a rare subtype of mature T cell lymphoma,formerly known as EATL type Ⅰ.EATL is closely linked to celiac disease.Risk factors for EATL include a history of celiac disease,human leukocyte antigen-DQ2(HLA-DQ2)gene susceptibility,aberrant intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes(IELs)accumulation and ulcerative jejunitis.The pathogenesis is related to HLA-DQ2 allele variation,mutational events of Janus kinase(JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)pathway and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κ B),as well as functional changes of microRNA(miRNA).Commonly involved sites in EATL are the small intestine,followed by the stomach and colon.EATL usually presents with dyspepsia,gluten-insensitive malabsorption,intestinal obstruction,hemorrhage and perforation.EATL is an aggressive disease,with a poor prognosis.Misdiagnosis is common during the early stage of the disease.Anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy is the dominant treatment for EATL.Surgical resection is used to alleviate obstruction,hemorrhage,or perforation in some patients.Stem cell transplantation for consolidation after remission of first-line chemotherapy can prolong patients'survival time.Monoclonal antibody brentuximab vedotin targeting CD30,anti-CD52 antibody alemtuzumab,immune checkpoint inhibitors,and drugs used to treat refractory celiac disease(RCD)type Ⅱ and peripheral T cell lymphomas(PTCL)may be effective against EATL.This paper summarizes the epidemiology,genetic and molecular characteristics,clinicopathological characteristics,immunophenotypic characteristics and new advances in the treatment of EATL.