[Objective]To summarize Professor CHEN Huade's academic experience in treating senile vertigo based on the"three categories of etiologic factors"theory.[Methods]Through following Professor CHEN's clinical treatment and organizing the cases information,this paper summarized his unique insight into the disease characteristics of senile vertigo and syndrome identification of selecting points,and supported with a medical record.[Results]Professor CHEN believes that senile vertigo is attributed to Qi stagnation with phlegm retention,static blood obstructing the internal,intertwined phlegm and blood stasis,with deficiency of the kidney essence as the main causes.Professor CHEN adheres to the principle of three categories of etiologic factors theory,which can be divided into the time-appropriate treatment based on the period of the disease and the four seasons;the place-appropriate treatment based on the climate of different regions,people's diets,lifestyles and so on;and the person-appropriate treatment based on the difference between male and female genders.The case report was diagnosed as liver and kidney deficiency and phlegm dampness.Professor CHEN combined individualized syndrome differentiation methods and treated her with acupuncture,ear tip bloodletting and auricular acupressure with seeds,achieving remarkable therapeutic outcomes.[Conclusion]Professor CHEN has rich experience in treating senile vertigo.He adopts"three categories of etiologic factors"theory to identify and treat the disease,which is worthy of learning from and clinical promotion as it has remarkable clinical efficacy.

[Objective]To summarize Professor CHEN Huade's academic experience in treating senile vertigo based on the"three categories of etiologic factors"theory.[Methods]Through following Professor CHEN's clinical treatment and organizing the cases information,this paper summarized his unique insight into the disease characteristics of senile vertigo and syndrome identification of selecting points,and supported with a medical record.[Results]Professor CHEN believes that senile vertigo is attributed to Qi stagnation with phlegm retention,static blood obstructing the internal,intertwined phlegm and blood stasis,with deficiency of the kidney essence as the main causes.Professor CHEN adheres to the principle of three categories of etiologic factors theory,which can be divided into the time-appropriate treatment based on the period of the disease and the four seasons;the place-appropriate treatment based on the climate of different regions,people's diets,lifestyles and so on;and the person-appropriate treatment based on the difference between male and female genders.The case report was diagnosed as liver and kidney deficiency and phlegm dampness.Professor CHEN combined individualized syndrome differentiation methods and treated her with acupuncture,ear tip bloodletting and auricular acupressure with seeds,achieving remarkable therapeutic outcomes.[Conclusion]Professor CHEN has rich experience in treating senile vertigo.He adopts"three categories of etiologic factors"theory to identify and treat the disease,which is worthy of learning from and clinical promotion as it has remarkable clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of methylene blue on diabetic retinopathy in rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into blank, control and experimental groups. The control and experimental groups were induced with diabetes by streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection. After 6 weeks of successful modeling, the experimental group received intravitreal injection of methylene blue at a dose of [0.2 mg/(kg.d)], while the control group received an equal amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) intravitreal injection, both continuously injected for 7 days. ELISA was used to detect the levels of retinal superoxide dismutase (SOD), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (iPF2α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in rats. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of retinal extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK1/2) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT), and PAS staining was used to detect retinal morphological changes. Results Compared with the blank group rats, the retinal SOD activity in the control and experimental group rats was significantly reduced. iPF2α, IL-1β and p-ERK1/2 level increased, while p-AKT level decreased. Compared with the control group, the SOD activity of the experimental group rats increased. iPF2α and IL-1β level went down, while p-ERK1/2 and p-AKT level went up significantly. The overall thickness of the retinal layer and the number of retinal ganglion cells were significantly reduced. Conclusion Methylene blue improves diabetic retinopathy in rats by reducing retinal oxidative stress and enhancing ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation.
Rats ; Animals ; Diabetic Retinopathy/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism* ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism* ; Methylene Blue/pharmacology* ; Phosphorylation ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy* ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism*

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and its related mechanism.Methods After the culture of human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was completed,the effects of HBO on the proliferation,apoptosis and tumorigenicity of SKOV3 cells were respectively detected by CCK-8,flow cytometry and Western blotting in the HBO group and the control group,and the effects of HBO on PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway activation were detected by Western blotting.After PTEN was knocked down,the effects of HBO on the proliferation and apoptosis of SKOV3 cells were detected by the above methods.The inhibition of HBO on the growth of ovarian cancer-bearing mice and the expression of related proteins were detected by tumor-bearing experiment in mice.Results Proliferation of SKOV3 cells in the HBO group was significantly decreased,while apoptosis was significantly improved (P ＜ O.05).In the HBO group,the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased,while the expression of Bax and caspase-3 were increased (P ＜ 0.05).HBO could significantly increase the expression of PTEN protein,and at the same time decrease the expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT proteins in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).In addition,the expression of HIF-1 in SKOV3 cells was decreased in the HBO group,however,after knock-down of PTEN,the inhibitory effect of HBO on the expression of HIV-1 in SKOV3 cells was significantly weakened (P ＜ 0.05).The proliferation and apoptosis of SKOV3 cells in the hyperbaric oxygen + si-PTEN group were significantly inhibited (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the tumor size and body mass of mice in the HBO group were significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of HIF-1,p-PI3K,p-AKT and Bcl-2 proteins in the ovarian cancer tissues were decreased,while the expression levels of PTEN,caspase-3 and Bax were increased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HBO treatment could significantly inhibit malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells,the mechanism of which might be related with the improvement of the hypoxic environment of cells through the regulation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and its related mechanism.Methods After the culture of human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was completed,the effects of HBO on the proliferation,apoptosis and tumorigenicity of SKOV3 cells were respectively detected by CCK-8,flow cytometry and Western blotting in the HBO group and the control group,and the effects of HBO on PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway activation were detected by Western blotting.After PTEN was knocked down,the effects of HBO on the proliferation and apoptosis of SKOV3 cells were detected by the above methods.The inhibition of HBO on the growth of ovarian cancer-bearing mice and the expression of related proteins were detected by tumor-bearing experiment in mice.Results Proliferation of SKOV3 cells in the HBO group was significantly decreased,while apoptosis was significantly improved (P ＜ O.05).In the HBO group,the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased,while the expression of Bax and caspase-3 were increased (P ＜ 0.05).HBO could significantly increase the expression of PTEN protein,and at the same time decrease the expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT proteins in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).In addition,the expression of HIF-1 in SKOV3 cells was decreased in the HBO group,however,after knock-down of PTEN,the inhibitory effect of HBO on the expression of HIV-1 in SKOV3 cells was significantly weakened (P ＜ 0.05).The proliferation and apoptosis of SKOV3 cells in the hyperbaric oxygen + si-PTEN group were significantly inhibited (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the tumor size and body mass of mice in the HBO group were significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of HIF-1,p-PI3K,p-AKT and Bcl-2 proteins in the ovarian cancer tissues were decreased,while the expression levels of PTEN,caspase-3 and Bax were increased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HBO treatment could significantly inhibit malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells,the mechanism of which might be related with the improvement of the hypoxic environment of cells through the regulation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.

OBJECTIVETo verify the clinical therapeutic effects on shoulder joint pain of rotator cuff injury treated with electroacupuncture (EA) and Mulligan's mobilization.

METHODSA total of 120 patients of shoulder joint pain of rotator cuff injury were randomized into an EA group, a rehabilitation group and a combined therapy group, 40 cases in each one. In the EA group, EA was applied to Jianzhen (SI 9), Jianliao (TE 14), Jianyu (LI 15), Tianzong (SI 11), Jianqian (extra) and Binao (LI 14) in the affected side. Of these acupoints, Jianliao (TE 14) and Jianyu (LI 15), Jianzhen (SI 9) and Tianzong (SI 11) were stimulated with's electric apparatus. In the rehabilitation group, Mulligan's mobilization was used, including scapular mobilization, static joint mobilization and dynamic joint mobilization. In the combined therapy group, EA was used in combination with Mulligan mobilization. The treatment was given once a day in each group, 5 sessions a week, totally for 6 weeks. The pain intensity of shoulder joint (VAS), the University of California at Los Angeles shoulder rating scale (UCLA) and the range of motion (ROM) of shoulder joint were evaluated before and 6 weeks after treatment separately. The adverse reactions were recorded in each group.

RESULTSVAS scores were all reduced, UCLA scores increased and ROM improved after treatment as compared with those before treatment in the patients of the three groups (all<0.05). After treatment, VAS score, UCLA score and ROM in the combined therapy group were remarkably improved as compared with those in the EA group and the rehabilitation group (all<0.05). Regarding the improvements of VAS and UCLA scores, the results in the EA group were better than those in the rehabilitation group (both<0.05). Regarding ROM improvement, the results in the rehabilitation group were superior to those in the EA group (all<0.05). There was no adverse reaction in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of EA and Mulligan's mobilization relieves shoulder joint pain of rotator cuff injury, better than the simple application of either EA or Mulligan's mobilization.

Guangdong General Hospital set up burn treatment specialist group in 1960. It was one of the hospitals which set up the department of burns in the early time. In the past 58 years, Department of Burn Surgery in Guangdong General Hospital has treated more than 20 000 burn patients, with overall success rate of 98.58%, standing at the global frontier. In the past 58 years, under the leadership of professors Chen Huade and Lai Wen and through the unremitting efforts of the colleagues, our department has developed from a burn treatment specialist group to the key clinical specialty of Guangdong province, sample unit of hundred level of laminar burn care ward, unit of chairman of the second and third committees of the Burn Branch of Guangdong Medical Association, the base of the National Good Clinical Practice, and has provided high level of burn treatment service for people in South China.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of distant collateral needling in treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Method Eighty patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by distant collateral needling, while the control group was by ordinary acupuncture treatment. The symptom and sign scores were observed before and after intervention, and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups. Result The symptom and sign scores were changed significantly after intervention in both groups (P<0.01). The symptom and sign scores of the treatment group were significantly different from that of the control group after intervention (P<0.05). The total effective rate and the recovery plus markedly-effective rate were respectively 94.9% and 84.6% in the treatment group versus 89.2% and 64.9% in the control group. The between-group difference in the total effective rate was statistically insignificant (P>0.05); there was a significant difference in comparing the recovery plus markedly-effective rate between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Distant collateral needling is an effective method in treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the development of liver damage and reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) during the treatment of extremely severe burn injury in HBsAg positive patients, in order to provide reference for prevention and treatment of liver damage in patients with HBV infection after extremely severe burn.

METHODSMedical records of 54 HBsAg positive patients after extremely severe burn injury admitted from January 2004 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Development of liver damage and HBV reactivation of these patients during the treatment were analyzed according to the classification of their gender, results of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA examinations on admission, and development of sepsis in the process of treatment. Data were processed with chi-square test.

RESULTS(1) The incidence of liver damage in the process of treatment of these patients was 85.2% (46/54). Among all the patients, the proportion of liver damage was 35/38 in male, which was significantly higher than that in female (11/16, χ² = 4.867, P<0.05). Liver damage was found in all of 26 patients who were HBeAg positive on admission, 34 patients who were HBV DNA positive on admission, and 36 patients who developed sepsis in the process of treatment; the proportions were significantly higher than those in patients who were HBeAg negative on admission (20/28), patients who were HBV DNA negative on admission (12/20), and patients who did not develop sepsis in the process of treatment (10/18), with χ² values respectively 11.801, 18.384, and 20.574, P values below 0.01. (2) The incidence of HBV reactivation in these patients was 29.6% (16/54). Among all the patients, the proportion of HBV reactivation was 13/38 in male and 3/16 in female, with no statistically significant difference between them (χ² = 0.656, P>0.05). The proportions of HBV reactivation in patients who were HBeAg positive on admission, patients who were HBV DNA positive on admission, and patients who developed sepsis in the process of treatment were respectively 13/26, 16/34, and 15/36, and they were significantly higher than those in patients who were HBeAg negative on admission (3/28), patients who were HBV DNA negative on admission (0/20), and patients who did not develop sepsis in the process of treatment (1/18), with χ² values respectively 9.979, 18.615, and 5.873, P<0.05 or P<0.01.

CONCLUSIONSPatients who are HBsAg positive, HBeAg positive, HBV DNA positive on admission, and develop sepsis in the process of treatment of extremely severe burn injury are more likely to develop liver damage and HBV reactivation. It is necessary to dynamically monitor the changes in HBV DNA and liver function, in order to identity the reactivation of virus.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Burns ; complications ; drug therapy ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; pathology ; virology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on cochlea morphology and expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in guinea pigs with endolymphatic hydrops, so as to explore the possible mechanism of EA on endolymphatic hydrops.

METHODSForty guinea pigs were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a medication group and an EA group, 10 guinea pigs in each one. Model of endolymphatic hydrops was established by using intraperitoneal injection of aldosterone. Guinea pigs in the blank group and model group were treated with identical immobilization as EA group but no treatment was given; guinea pigs in the medication group were treated with intragastric administration of hydrochlorothiazide at a dose of 5 mg/kg, once a day for consecutive 10 days; guinea pigs in the EA group were treated with' EA at "Baihui" (GV 20) and "Tinggong"(SI 19), once a day for consecutive 10 days. The serum ionic concentration in each group was tested by turbidimetric method; hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to measure the severity of cochlea hydrops; immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expression of AQP1 in the cochlea.

RESULTS(1) There was no endolymphatic hydrops in the blank group, moderate-severe endolymphatic hydrops in the model group and slight endolymphatic hydrops in the EA group and medication group. (2) The concentration of K+ and Ca2+ in the EA group was higher than that in the model group and medication group (all P<0. 01); the concentration of Na+ was lower than that in the model group (P< 0. 01) but higher than that in the medication group (P<0. 01); the concentration of Cl- was higher than that in the medication group (P<0. 01), but not significantly different from the model group (P>0. 05). (3) The ratio of expression area of AQP1 in the model group was lower than that in the blank group (P<0. 01); the ratio of expression area of AQP1 in the EA group was higher than that in the model group (P<0. 01), and lower than that in the medication group without significant difference (P>0. 05).

CONCLUSIONEA could relieve the endolymphatic hydrops in guinea pigs; the mechanism is likely to be related with up-regulating the expression of AQP1 in cochlea and ion concentration might be an important factor involved.

Animals ; Aquaporins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cochlea ; anatomy & histology ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; Endolymphatic Hydrops ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male