Objective: To investigate an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis at a vocational and technical school in Shaanxi Province in 2024, ao as to provide the reference for the handling of school outbreaks. Methods: The conducted case searches, individual case investigations, and on-site hygienic investigations were established in accordance with the Guidelines on outbreak investigation, prevention and control of Norovirus infection (2015). The potential risk factors were analyzed by case-control study. Anal swab samples from cases and all canteen staff, as well as environmental swab samples were collected to detect common intestinal pathogens. All reserved food samples in canteen were collected to test for common pathogenic bacteria. Results: From October 26 to November 5, 2024, a cumulative total of 53 cases were reported, with an attack rate of 1.47%. The main clinical symptoms included vomiting (83.02%), abdominal pain (56.60%), diarrhea (30.19%), and fever (26.42%). The epidemic curve suggested an intermittent common-source outbreak, with no obvious clustering characteristics in terms of the population and spatial distribution of cases. The case-control analysis revealed that having dinner at the rice-with-dishes-on-top stall on the first floor of the canteen on October 28 was a risk factor for illness (OR=11.025, 95%CI: 2.186-55.601). GⅡ norovirus was detected as positive in anal swab samples from 6 cases and 2 asymptomatic infected canteen staff, as well as in 3 environmental swab samples from the rice-with-dishes-on-top stall. The test results for common pathogenic bacteria in the reserved food samples were all negative. Conclusions This outbreak was caused by an acute gastroenteritis epidemic induced by GⅡ norovirus infection, with a transmission pattern consistent with an intermittent homologous outbreak. The possible source of infection was asymptomatic infected canteen staff mainly through foodborne trasmission, and having meals at the rice-with-dishes-on-top stall was the primary risk factor for this outbreak.

To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Qin-Zhu-Liang-Xue decoction (QZLX) in atopic dermatitis (AD) and glucocorticoid resistance, we conducted a single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this concoction. Network pharmacology analysis was performed and validated through clinical studies. The efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action of QZLX and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) α recombinant protein were assessed in AD mice induced by 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). Correlation analysis was performed to determine the clinical relevance of GRα. The trial demonstrated that patients who received QZLX showed considerable improvements in their Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores compared with those who received mizolastine at week 4. Network pharmacological analysis identified GRα as a key target for QZLX in AD treatment. QZLX administration increased the serum GRα expression in AD patients, alleviated AD symptoms in mice, decreased inflammatory cytokine expression, and increased GRα expression without affecting liver or kidney function. In addition, GRα recombinant protein improved AD-like skin lesions in DNFB-induced mice. A negative correlation was observed between GRα expression and clinical parameters, including SCORAD, DLQI, and serum IgE levels. QZLX alleviates AD symptoms through the upregulation of GRα and thus presents a novel therapeutic strategy for the prevention of glucocorticoid resistance in AD management.
Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy* ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Humans ; Mice ; Network Pharmacology ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Single-Blind Method ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of action of Jinqi Qingshu granules(JQQSG)in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Methods The TCMSP database and SwissTargetPrediction database were used to obtain and screen the active ingredients and targets of JQQSG,and GeneCards,OMIM,TTD,and DisGeNET databases were used to search for the predicted targets of CAP,and the two targets were mapped and then imported into STRING database to construct a PPI network to screen the key targets,and then the GO and KEGG pathway enrichment were analyzed by the DAVID database,and molecular docking was carried out by the AutoDock Tools software.Results 209 active ingredients and 1 041 targets of JQQSG were obtained after screening;312 targets were co-activated with CAP,and 64 core targets were obtained after PPI network screening.571 biological processes,68 cellular components,and 199 molecular functions were analyzed by GO enrichment,and 165 KEGG pathways were analyzed by KEGG pathway enrichment,mainly involved in protein action,apoptosis and MAPK signaling pathway.Molecular docking suggests that the core target and the core components all have good binding ability.Conclusion The mechanism of action of JQQSG in the treatment of CAP may be related to its regulation of Akt,MAPK signaling pathway,improvement of oxidative stress,and other pathways to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects,which could lay the foundation for further in-depth study of its specific mechanism of action.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of fourteen bone-setting manipulations and small splint fixation combined with No.8 Orthopedics Prescription(mainly composed of Rehmanniae Radix,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Persicae Semen,Caulis Akebiae,Carthami Flos,Corydalis Rhizoma,and Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma)on distal radius fracture.Methods A retrospective study was carried out in the analysis of the clinical data of 124 patients with distal radius fractures treated by fourteen bone-setting manipulations and small splint fixation in the Department of Orthopedics,Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2021 to September 2023.The patients were divided into an observation group(63 cases)and a control group(61 cases)depending on the medication of No.8 Orthopedics Prescription or not.The control group was treated with fourteen bone-setting manipulations and small splint fixation,while the observation group was treated with fourteen bone-setting manipulations and small splint fixation combined with No.8 Orthopedics Prescription.The two groups were treated for s one month and then were followed up for more than six months.The changes in the range of motion(ROM)of wrist pronation and supination and palmar flexion in the two groups were observed before treatment and three months after treatment.The time for starting wrist function exercise,time for subsiding swelling of the affected limb and fracture healing time were compared between the two groups.After six months of treatment,the wrist function improvement effect of the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)After treatment,the time for starting wrist joint functional exercise,time for subsiding swelling of the affected limb and the time for fracture healing in the observation group were significantly shortened compared with those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant between the two groups(P＜0.01).(2)After three months of treatment,the ROM of wrist pronation and supination and palmar flexion in the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the improvement of ROM of wrist pronation and supination and palmar flexion in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the differences being statistically significant(P＜0.01).(3)After six months of treatment,the evaluation of the wrist joint function of the two groups showed that the excellent and good rate of the observation group was 55.56％(35/63),and that of the control group was 45.90％(28/61).There was no significant difference in the improvement of wrist function between the two groups(Z=1.075,P=0.282).Conclusion Both methods can achieve satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of distal radius fracture,and the wrist function of the patients has been effectively restored.The treatment of fourteen bone-setting manipulations and small splint fixation combined with No.8 Orthopedics Prescription can significantly shorten the time for subsiding swelling of the affected limb,promote fracture healing and bone regeneration,improve wrist function,and relieve the pain of patients.

Objective To design a novel oxygenator to solve the existing problems of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)machine in high transmembrane pressure difference,low efficiency of blood oxygen exchange and susceptibility to thrombosis.Methods The main body of the oxygenator vascular access flow field was gifted with a flat cylindrical shape.The topology of the vascular access was modeled in three dimensions,and the whole flow field was cut into a blood inlet section,an inlet buffer,a heat exchange zone,a blood oxygen exchange zone,an outlet buffer and a blood outlet section.The oxygenator was compared with Quadrox oxygenator by means of ANSYS FLUENT-based simulation and prototype experiments.Results Simulation calculations showed the oxygenator designed was comparable to the clinically used ones in general,and gained advantages in transmembrane pressure difference,blood oxygen exchange and flow uniformity.Experimental results indicated that the oxygenator behaved better than Quadrox oxygenator in transmembrane pressure difference and blood oxygen exchange.Conclusion The oxygenator has advantages in transmem-brane pressure difference,temperature change,blood oxygen ex-change and low probability of thrombosis.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):23-28]

Objective:To explore the mechanism of hypertension inducing erectile dysfunction(ED)using transcriptomics and network pharmacology.Methods:We randomly divided 12 male rats with spontaneous hypertension(SHT)into an L-arginine(LA)group(n=6)and an SHT model control(MC)group(n=6),took another 6 Wistar Kyoto male rats as normal controls(NC),and treated the animals in the LA group by intraperitoneal injection of LA at 400 mg/kg and those in the latter two groups with physio-logical saline,once a day,all for 7 days.Then we observed the blood pressure and penile erection of the rats,and determined the ex-pressions of the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway-related proteins and mRNAs in different groups using ELISA,Western blot and RT-qPCR.Results:Transcriptomics combined with network pharmacology showed that the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway played a key role in hypertension-induced ED.In vivo animal experiments revealed a significantly lower frequency of penile erections in the MC than in the NC group(1.33±0.52 vs 2.67±0.51,P＜0.05).The protein expressions of eNOS,PKG and sGC were markedly de-creased in the model controls compared with those the normal controls(P＜0.05),but remarkably upregulated in the LA group com-pared with those in the MC group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Hypertension decreases the expressions of eNOS,NO,sGC,cGMP and PKG proteins and the level of testosterone by inhibiting the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway,which consequently suppresses the relaxa-tion of the penile vascular smooth muscle and reduces erectile function.

BACKGROUND: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and prior stroke history have a high risk of cardiovascular events despite anticoagulation therapy. It is unclear whether catheter ablation (CA) has further benefits in these patients. METHODS: AF patients with a previous history of stroke or systemic embolism (SE) from the prospective Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry study between August 2011 and December 2020 were included in the analysis. Patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio to CA or medical treatment (MT) based on propensity score. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death or ischemic stroke (IS)/SE. RESULTS: During a total of 4.1 ± 2.3 years of follow-up, the primary outcome occurred in 111 patients in the CA group (3.3 per 100 person-years) and in 229 patients in the MT group (5.7 per 100 person-years). The CA group had a lower risk of the primary outcome compared to the MT group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47-0.74, P < 0.001]. There was a significant decreasing risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.31-0.61, P < 0.001), IS/SE (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54-0.97, P = 0.033), cardiovascular mortality (HR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.19-0.54, P < 0.001) and AF recurrence (HR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.30-0.37, P < 0.001) in the CA group compared to that in the MT group. Sensitivity analysis generated consistent results when adjusting for time-dependent usage of anticoagulants. CONCLUSIONS In AF patients with a prior stroke history, CA was associated with a lower combined risk of all-cause death or IS/SE. Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm the benefits of CA in these patients.

Aim To explore the mechanism of process¬ing and increasing efficiency of Arisaematis rhizomz preparatum. Methods UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS tech¬nology was used to detect the chemical components be¬fore and after processing of Arisaematis rhizomz prepara¬tum, and its mechanism of action was analysed in the treatment of 44 asthma and phlegm " by using network pharmacology. A rat model of allergic asthma was es- tablished to compare the efficacy of Arisaematis rliizoma before and after processing. Results A total of 27 chemical components were identified, among which cur- cumin ,6-gingerol and other components increased after processing. Combined with the database prediction, the action mechanism of the 36 chemical components in the treatment of 44 asthma and phlegm" diseases was dis¬cussed and predicted through network pharmacology. The results of animal experiments showed that the effect of processed Arisaematis rhizoma on allergic asth¬ma was better than that of Arisaematis rhizoma, but there was no significant difference. Conclusions The addition of curcumin, 6-gingerol, camphor, demethyl- curcumin and other components after the processed Ari¬saematis rhizomz preparatum may be the reason for the synergistic effect of Arisaematis rhizomz preparatum in the treatment of allergic asthma.

Objective To establish a method and study the pharmacokinetics for concentration determination of effective components in Xiakucao Xiaoliu mixture in Normal Rat Plasma By LC-MS/MS. Methods The mobile phase was methanol-water (0.1% formic acid) system under the positive ion mode of C18 chromatographic column, gradient elution was adopted, and the flow rate was 0.3 ml/min. In the negative ion mode, the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (0.1% formic acid) system, gradient elution, with a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. Caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, syringic acid, rutin in positive ion mode and Atractylodes lactone II and Atractylodes lactone III in negative ion mode were respectively determined. Normal rats were intragastrically given Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture 7.8 ml/kg, and blood was taken from the orbit at different time points after the administration. The blood concentration was determined by the validated LC-MS/MS method and the non-standard DAS2.0 software was used. The pharmacokinetic parameters of rats after administration were calculated by the compartment model. Results The pharmacokinetic parameters belonged to non atrioventricular model. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the four main anti-cancer active ingredients of Caffeic acid, Rosmarinic acid, Syringic acid and Atractylodes Ⅲ in rats after administration of Xiakucao Xiaoliu Mixture were significantly different from those reported in the literature after the administration of monomers. Conclusion The established method was simple, accurate and sensitive, which could be suitable for the content determination of effective components in Xiakucao Xiaoliu mixture in Normal Rat Plasma, which would be a valuable information for the study on main anticancer active substances.

As the "star product" of Shanghai, Shanghai herbal paste has played an irreplaceable role both in the treatment of diseases and nurturing health. The concept of Shanghai regional culture, Shanghai style Chinese medicine and Shanghai herbal paste were introduced by the combination of literature search and practical experience. The historical developments of Shanghai herbal paste were summarized in order to understand Shanghai herbal paste comprehensively and provide a historical and empirical basis for the inheritance and innovation of Shanghai herbal paste.