Objective To investigate the dermoscopic features of vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS).Methods Seventeen patients with VLS,who visited the Department of Dermatology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between August 2015 and June 2017 and underwent dermoscopy and skin histopathological examination,were enrolled into this study.The dermoscopic images of 75 skin lesions were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results The common dermoscopic features in these VLS lesions included yellowish-white structureless areas (89.3％,67/75),reddish-violet globules or patches (77.3％,58/75),brownish or bluish-gray pigment structures (49％,37/75),shiny white streaks (40％,30/75),dotted vessels with irregular arrangement (28％,21/75),linear vessels (58.7％,44/75),hairpin-like vessels (6.7％,5/75),comma-like vessels (13％,10/75)and branching vessels (20％,15/75).Under dermoscopy,rosette sign could be observed in 3 (4％) lesions,comedo-like openings in 3 (4％) lesions,and keratotic plugs in 1 (1％) lesions.Conclusion Under dermoscopy,VLS is characterized by yellowishwhite structureless areas,reddish-violet globules or patches,pigment structures and vessels with various vessels.

BACKGROUNDThe World Health Organization and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (WHO-EORTC) classification in 2005 promoted the comparisons of primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) subtypes between different countries. The relative frequency of PCL varied according to geography. The study aimed to analyze the relative frequency and survival of PCLs in China and to compare the data with the published results from other countries.

METHODSWe analyzed 98 patients with PCLs over a 6-year period and reclassified them according to the most recent WHO-EORTC classification (2005). Disease-specific survival rate and curves according to specific subtypes such as mycosis fungoides, lymphomatoid papulosis, and primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified was also calculated.

RESULTSThe relative rate of PCL in China was distinct from those in Western countries. Our study showed a higher frequency of cutaneous T- and NK-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) (94%), and a lower frequency of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCLs) (6%). The 5-year survival rate of the total PCLs was 82%. There was no significant difference in the 5-year survival rate (P > 0.05 by Log-rank test) between CTCL (80%) and CBCL (100%).

CONCLUSIONSThe higher percentage of CTCL in China may provide a clue to further study the etiological factors of PCLs. Racial variations in factors such as HLA determinants may play a role in the development of CTCL.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic postconditioning (IPO) on c-fos protein expression during renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Seventy-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8-12 weeks,weighing 200-250 g,were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n =25 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),I/R group and IPO group.Renal I/R injury was induced by clamping the bilateral renal pedicles for 1 h followed by 24 h of reperfusion in I/R and IPO groups.Five animals were sacrificed at 1,3,6,12 and 24 h of reperfusion and the left kidneys were removed for microscopic examination and for determination of the expression of c-fos protein by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with S group,the expression of c-fos protein was significantly up-regulated at each time point during reperfusion in I/R and IPO groups.Compared with I/R group,the expression of c-fos protein was significantly down-regulated at each time point during reperfusion in group IPO.The pathologic changes were significantly attenuated in group IPO as compared with group I/R.Conclusion The mechanism by which IPO attenuates renal I/R injury is related to down-regulation of c-fos protein expression in the renal tissues of rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of acute hyperventilation on the cerebral function of dogs with acute intracranial hypertension.Methods A total of 16 dogs with acute epidural hematoma were randomly divided into four groups.Group A,the group control,were ventilated and PETCO2 was maintained at 35-45mmHg.Groups B,C and D were hyperventilated and PETCO2 was maintained at 28-35,20-27 and below 20mmHg,respectively,for 1h.Jugular vein blood was taken to determine S100B and CRP content at preoperation(T1),2h(T2) post-ventilation,6h(T3),12h(T4),24h(T5) and 48h(T6).Results S100B and CRP contents in experimental group dogs increased,with a significant difference from that before operation(P