Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of miglitol on regulating the energy metabolism of brown adipocytes by activating UCP1 and preventing cold injury in mice after cold exposure. Methods Primary brown adipocytes were induced into mature adipocytes, the effect of miglitol on the viability of brown adipocytes was investigated by MTT method, the lipid droplet consumption level of cells after drug administration was investigated by Oil Red O staining technology, and the level of UCP1, a key protein of thermogenesis in brown adipocytes, was detected by Western blotting. The activity of anti-frostbite was investigated in cold exposure at 4 ℃ and −20 ℃. KM mice, which were randomly divided into control group, cold exposure group, miglitol group and all-trans retinoic acid group, and after 7 days of repeated administration, the body surface temperature of mice was detected by infrared thermal imaging system, the anal temperature change was detected by anal thermometer, and the expression levels of UCP1 and PGC1-α in adipose tissue were detected by immunoblotting. Results Compared with the control group, the lipid droplet consumption and UCP1 expression levels in brown adipocytes in the miglitol group were significantly increased. The levels of body surface temperature and rectal temperature increased significantly after cold exposure, and the levels of UCP1 and PGC1α in the brown adipose tissue of mice increased significantly, which indicated that the miglitol could activate the critical proteins UCP1 and PGC1α of the thermogenesis pathway, increase the thermogenesis of mice after cold exposure, and thus improve the effect of cold injury for toe swelling. Conclusion Miglitol could play a role in improving cold injury and body temperature in mice by increasing the level of UCP1 and PGC1α, which are key targets of the thermogenesis pathway to promote the thermogenesis of brown fat.

Background: s/Aims: Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS) is a common surgical procedure for pancreatic body cancer.However, spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) utilizing the Warshaw technique (WT) in malignancies is generally not favored due to concerns about inadequate resection. This study aims to assess the feasibility and oncologic outcomes of employing SPDP with WT in pancreatic body cancer. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing 21 SPDP patients with 63 DPS patients matched by propensity score from January 2018 to November 2022. Clinical outcomes and follow-up data were analyzed using R. Results: Both groups exhibited similar demographic, intraoperative, and pathological characteristics, with the exception of a reduced number of total lymph nodes (p = 0.006) in the SPDP group. There were no significant differences in the rates of postoperative complications, recurrence, or metastasis. Local recurrence predominantly occurred in the central region as opposed to the spleen region.There were no cases of isolated recurrences in the splenic region. Median overall survival and recurrence-free survival times were 51.5 months for SPDP vs 30.5 months for DPS and 18.7 months vs 16.8 months, respectively (p > 0.05). The incidence of partial splenic infarction and left-side portal hypertension in the SPDP group was 28.6% (6/21) and 9.5% (2/21), respectively, without necessitating splenic abscess puncture, splenectomy, or causing bleeding from perigastric varices. Conclusions SPDP did not negatively impact local recurrence or survival rates in selected pancreatic body cancer patients. Further studies are necessary for validation.

Background: s/Aims: Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS) is a common surgical procedure for pancreatic body cancer.However, spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) utilizing the Warshaw technique (WT) in malignancies is generally not favored due to concerns about inadequate resection. This study aims to assess the feasibility and oncologic outcomes of employing SPDP with WT in pancreatic body cancer. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing 21 SPDP patients with 63 DPS patients matched by propensity score from January 2018 to November 2022. Clinical outcomes and follow-up data were analyzed using R. Results: Both groups exhibited similar demographic, intraoperative, and pathological characteristics, with the exception of a reduced number of total lymph nodes (p = 0.006) in the SPDP group. There were no significant differences in the rates of postoperative complications, recurrence, or metastasis. Local recurrence predominantly occurred in the central region as opposed to the spleen region.There were no cases of isolated recurrences in the splenic region. Median overall survival and recurrence-free survival times were 51.5 months for SPDP vs 30.5 months for DPS and 18.7 months vs 16.8 months, respectively (p > 0.05). The incidence of partial splenic infarction and left-side portal hypertension in the SPDP group was 28.6% (6/21) and 9.5% (2/21), respectively, without necessitating splenic abscess puncture, splenectomy, or causing bleeding from perigastric varices. Conclusions SPDP did not negatively impact local recurrence or survival rates in selected pancreatic body cancer patients. Further studies are necessary for validation.

Background: s/Aims: Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS) is a common surgical procedure for pancreatic body cancer.However, spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) utilizing the Warshaw technique (WT) in malignancies is generally not favored due to concerns about inadequate resection. This study aims to assess the feasibility and oncologic outcomes of employing SPDP with WT in pancreatic body cancer. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing 21 SPDP patients with 63 DPS patients matched by propensity score from January 2018 to November 2022. Clinical outcomes and follow-up data were analyzed using R. Results: Both groups exhibited similar demographic, intraoperative, and pathological characteristics, with the exception of a reduced number of total lymph nodes (p = 0.006) in the SPDP group. There were no significant differences in the rates of postoperative complications, recurrence, or metastasis. Local recurrence predominantly occurred in the central region as opposed to the spleen region.There were no cases of isolated recurrences in the splenic region. Median overall survival and recurrence-free survival times were 51.5 months for SPDP vs 30.5 months for DPS and 18.7 months vs 16.8 months, respectively (p > 0.05). The incidence of partial splenic infarction and left-side portal hypertension in the SPDP group was 28.6% (6/21) and 9.5% (2/21), respectively, without necessitating splenic abscess puncture, splenectomy, or causing bleeding from perigastric varices. Conclusions SPDP did not negatively impact local recurrence or survival rates in selected pancreatic body cancer patients. Further studies are necessary for validation.

Organoid is a newly developed cellular there-dimensional culture system in recent years. Organoids have a three-dimensional structure, which is similar to that of the real organs. Together with the characteristics of self-renewal and reproduction of tissue origin, organoids can better simulate the function of real organs. Organoids provide a new platform for the study of organogenesis, regeneration, disease pathogenesis, and drug screening. The digestive system is an essential part of the human body and performs important functions. To date, organoid models of various digestive organs have been successfully established. This review summarizes the latest research progress of organoids of taste buds, esophagi, stomachs, livers and intestines, and prospects future application of organoids.
Humans ; Organoids ; Intestines ; Liver

Objective: To compare the reliability of Internet Addiction Impairment Index (IAII), Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale(CIAS-R)-Taiwan Revision, CIAS-R-Mainland Revision, Young Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ) and the consistency of Internet addiction using the four scales in college students. Methods: A total of 1 004 undergraduates from 3 universities in Hefei were selected to measure the tendency of internet addiction simultaneously using the four scales, and 122 students were re tested two weeks after the initial assessment. Correlation coefficient, coincidence rate and Kappa value were used to analyze the consistency of the four scales. Analysis of variance, t test and Logistic regression were used to determine the consistency of the factors related to internet addiction scale. Results: The reliability of the four Internet addiction scales were greater than 0.7( P <0.01). The correlation coefficient among all scales was greater than 0.5( P <0.01). The agreement between YDQ and CIAS-R-Mainland Revision was 0.87. The Kappa value of YDQ and CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision in the consistency analysis was 0.51( P <0.01), the Kappa value between the other scales was less than 0.5. Results showed that the four scales were consistent in Internet addiction prevalence by gender, grade and major, while CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision and YDQ were not consistent with the other two scales in sleep disorder. Conclusion The four Internet addiction scales all have good reliability, while low agreement in Internet addiction assessment, suggesting further improvement and revision in Internet addiction scales.

Objective:To discuss the effects of self-efficacy training combined with incentive nursing on the recovery of patients with spinal cord injury.Methods:A total of 90 patients with spinal cord injury admitted to the Fifth People's Hospital of Wuhu from November 2016 to January 2019 were divided into study group and control group by the random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and the study group was given self-efficacy training and incentive nursing on the basis of the control group. The the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score, self-care ability [Barthel Index (BI)], self-efficacy [General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)] and quality of life [General Quality of Life Inventory (GQOL-74)] were compared between the two groups before intervention and after 2 months of intervention.Results:After 2 months of intervention, the ASIA scores of the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before intervention ( P<0.05) , however there was no significant difference in ASIA scores between the two groups after intervention ( P>0.05) . After 2 months of intervention, the scores of BI, GSES and quality GQOL-74 in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before intervention, and the scores in study group were significantly higher than those in control group. All the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Self-efficacy training combined with incentive nursing can effectively improve the self-care ability, and enhance the self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with spinal cord injury.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) combined with hyponatremia in Southern China and its risk factors for prognosis.Methods:The retrospective cohort study involved patients who met the diagnostic criteria of GBS from 18 upper first-class hospitals of 6 provinces/cities in southern China (south of Huaihe River) from January 1, 2013 to September 30, 2016. The clinical data of these patients were collected. According to serum sodium levels, they were divided into hyponatremia group (serum sodium concentration<135 mmol/L) and normal serum sodium group (serum sodium concentrations≥135 mmol/L). Based on Medical Research Coucil sum scores at nadir, these patients were divided into mild GBS group (>40), moderate GBS group (30-40), and severe GBS group (<30). Furthermore, according to the Hughes GBS disability scale (H-GBS-DS) scores at discharge, these GBS patients with hyponatremia were divided into favorable prognosis group (H-GBS-DS<3) and poor prognosis group (H-GBS-DS≥3). The incidence of hyponatremia in patients from the mild GBS group, moderate GBS group, and severe GBS group were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the clinical risk factors for hyponatremia in GBS patients. The clinical data of hyponatremia patients from favorable prognosis group and poor prognosis group were compared; multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for poor prognosis in GBS patients with hyponatremia.Results:(1) Among the 570 patients, 354 had mild GBS, 94 had moderate GBS, and 122 had severe GBS; 134 GBS patients were combined with hyponatremia, 436 GBS patients had normal serum sodium. The hyponatremia incidence in mild, moderate and severe GBS groups increased successively, ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that facial paralysis ( OR=1.979, 95%CI: 1.172-3.342, P=0.011), respiratory muscle paralysis ( OR=3.218, 95%CI: 1.611-6.428, P=0.001), secondary pulmonary infection ( OR=4.822, 95%CI: 2.835-8.201, P=0.000), severe GBS ( OR=2.611, 95%CI: 1.444-4.721, P=0.001) and length of hospital stay ( OR=1.029, 95%CI: 1.009-1.050, P=0.004) were risk factors for hyponatremia in GBS patients. (2) Among 134 GBS patients with hyponatremia, 80 had poor prognosis and 54 had favorable prognosis. As compared with the favorable group, the poor prognosis group had significantly lower proportion of patients with extraocular muscle paralysis, statistically higher proportions of patients with respiratory muscle paralysis and secondary pulmonary infection, significantly different severities of GBS, signficantly higher proportion of patients accepted intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and hormone treatments, statistically longer length of hospital stay ( P<0.05). Respiratory muscle paralysis ( OR=25.590, 95%CI: 9.433-69.423, P=0.000), moderate GBS ( OR=17.030, 95%CI: 8.441-34.361, P=0.000), and severe GBS ( OR=51.042, 95%CI: 24.596-105.926, P=0.000) were independent risk factors for poor short-term prognosis of GBS patients with hyponatremia. Conclusions:Severe GBS patients with facial paralysis, respiratory muscle palsy, secondary pulmonary infection, and long hospital stay trend to have hyponatremia. Hyponatremia patients with respiratory muscle paralysis and moderate/severe GBS have poor short-term prognosis.

Objective: To explore the mediating role played by college students social anxiety and social support in the relationship between internet addiction and depression. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 3 536 college students in three higher vocational colleges in Anhui Province. The content included general demographic characteristics, depression, Internet addiction, social support, and social anxiety. The Process program was used to mediate and analysis of regulation. Results: Among the survey subjects, 1 552(43.90%) had depressive symptoms, including 561(45.65%) boys and 991(42.96%) girls.The total score of Internet addiction was significantly positively correlated with depression score(r=0.30, P<0.01); social anxiety(social fear, social avoidance) was positively correlated with depression(r=0.24, 0.27, P<0.01); social support(subjective support, objective support, support utilization) was significantly negatively correlated with depression(r=0.25, -0.23, -0.17, P<0.01). Conditional process analysis shows that social anxiety had a mediating role between internet addiction and depression(c'=0.06, P<0.01), and that Internet addiction and social anxiety were regulated by social support(β=-0.00，P=0.02). Conclusion By increasing the social support of college students to improve social anxiety, it might help to reduce the depression of college students caused by Internet addiction.

Purpose: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) serves as a key component of autophagy,which is associated with the progression of carcinoma. Yet, it is still unclear whetherLC3B is also an independent risk factor for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). We aimto explore the predictive value of LC3B on prognosis of ICC, and to establish a novel andavailable nomogram to predict relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for thesepatients after curative-intent hepatectomy. Materials and Methods: From August 2004 to March 2017, 105 ICC patients were eligibly enrolled in the ThirdAffiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Preoperative clinical information of enrolledpatients was collected. Expression LC3B in the ICC specimen was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: The 5-year RFS and OS in this cohort were 15.7% and 29.6%, respectively. On multivariateCox regression analysis, independent risk factors for 5-year OS were cancer antigen 125,microvascular invasion, LC3B expression and lymph node metastasis. Except for the above4 factors, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and tumor differentiation were independent factorsfor 5-year RFS. The area under the curve of nomograms for OS and RFS were 0.820 and0.747, respectively. Conclusion The nomograms based on LC3B can be considered as effective models to predict postoperativesurvival for ICC patients.