Objective To investigate the relationship between stationing years of personnel on an island and their traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution,thus providing a reference for adjusting the health status of stationed personnel,preventing and treating diseases.Methods Based on The Scale of Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire,TCM constitution of 734 personnel stationed on an island was investigated.Pearson χ2 method was used for data analysis.Results Of the 734 personnel stationed on an island 345(47.0%)were of the balanced constitution type and 389(53.0%)were of the biased constitution types.Among the people with biased constitution types,composite constitution accounted for 80.5%(313 people)and the simple accounted for the rest(19.5%,76 people).The top three types of the biased were dampness heat(15.2%),qi deficiency(14.0%),and yin deficiency(10.7%).The distribution of TCM constitution types was significantly different in terms of stationing years on the island(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the balanced type and yin deficiency type between people with stationing time≤2 years and>8 years(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in qi deficiency type and qi depression type between people with stationing time≤2 years and>5 years(P<0.05).Compared to people with stationing time≤2 years,significant difference was found in yang deficiency type in people with stationing time ranging from 2 to 5 years and those with>8 years(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the phlegm dampness type,blood stasis type,and specific diathesis type between people with stationing time≤2 years and people with stationing time ranging from>2～5 years and>8 years(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the dampness heat type between people with stationing time≤2 years and people with stationing time ranging from>5～8 years and>8 years,between pepole with stationing time ranging from>2～5 years and people with stationing time>8 years(P<0.05).Conclusion The dampness heat type,qi deficiency type and yin deficiency type are common biased TCM constitution in personnel stationed on islands.The longer the time spent on islands,the greater the possibility of forming biased constitution.

The rationale for the design of control groups in tuina clinical trial is the foundation for rigorously validating the effectiveness and safety of this therapy. This article reviewed the current state of the design of tuina placebo in control groups of clinical trials， pointed out the necessity of setting up tuina placebo in clinical trials of tuina， analyzed the challenges in implementing blinding of tuina manipulation， and concluded that tuina placebo is still challenged by the placebo effect， the diversification of tuina manipulation but the lack of standardization， and the difficulty of implementing blinding due to the high level of public awareness of tuina. This article also summarized the design of placebo manipulation in three types of clinical trials， including spinal manipulation， acupressure， and paediatric tuina， and proposed four strategies for designing placebo tuina manipulation-controlling placebo effects， developing operational standards for placebo tuina manipulation， ensuring the rigor of blinding implementation， and applying new technologies to enhance the standardization and blinding capacity of placebo tuina methods. So the article is aimed at improving the methodological quality of tuina clinical trial designs， and promoting the standardization and scientificity of tuina clinical trial design.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the disease experience and inner needs of young and middle-aged patients with end-stage renal disease, so as to provide evidence for medical personnel to pay more attention to the mental health of this population and give personalized care.Methods:The qualitative studies on the real experience, psychological feeling and experience of young and middle-aged patients with end-stage renal disease were searched by PsycInfo, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Network, Wanfang, VIP and China Biomedical Literature Database. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to April 20, 2024. Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-based Health Care Center Evaluation criteria (2016 edition) were used to evaluate the literature quality, and the results were summarized and integrated by aggregative meta-integration method.Results:A total of 10 studies were included, and 47 clear findings were extracted and classified into 10 new categories, which were combined into 4 integrated results: the phased changes of patients′ real experience at all levels of body, mind and society, impairment of their own and family role functions, desire for support and lack of autonomy in decision-making, and reconstruction of positive attitude and future outlook in the face of disease.Conclusions:Nursing staff should pay attention to and understand the psychosocial conditions of young and middle-aged patients with end-stage renal disease, timely provide targeted psychological support and help to enhance their confidence in treatment, better return to work and society, and improve their quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the disease experience and inner needs of young and middle-aged patients with end-stage renal disease, so as to provide evidence for medical personnel to pay more attention to the mental health of this population and give personalized care.Methods:The qualitative studies on the real experience, psychological feeling and experience of young and middle-aged patients with end-stage renal disease were searched by PsycInfo, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Network, Wanfang, VIP and China Biomedical Literature Database. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to April 20, 2024. Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-based Health Care Center Evaluation criteria (2016 edition) were used to evaluate the literature quality, and the results were summarized and integrated by aggregative meta-integration method.Results:A total of 10 studies were included, and 47 clear findings were extracted and classified into 10 new categories, which were combined into 4 integrated results: the phased changes of patients′ real experience at all levels of body, mind and society, impairment of their own and family role functions, desire for support and lack of autonomy in decision-making, and reconstruction of positive attitude and future outlook in the face of disease.Conclusions:Nursing staff should pay attention to and understand the psychosocial conditions of young and middle-aged patients with end-stage renal disease, timely provide targeted psychological support and help to enhance their confidence in treatment, better return to work and society, and improve their quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Given the systematic, rigorous, and practical characteristics of medical disciplines, ensuring the teaching quality of online courses has become a significant focus. In traditional teaching models, teaching supervision is an important method to guarantee instructional quality, and introducing teaching supervision into online teaching activities is of great significance. This article systematically reviews and summarizes the domestic and international experience of conducting online medical courses. We explore the instructional supervision of online medical courses from the following perspectives: the meaning of supervision, the necessity of online supervision, online supervision methods and technical approaches, the feedback and application of supervision information, and the establishment of a standardized online supervision process.

Objective:To explore the role and mechanism of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in lung injury in mice with Staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis. Methods:A sepsis mouse model with Staphylococcus aureus infection was created using wild-type C57BL/6 male mice and NRF2 -/- male mice aged six to eight weeks. The mice were divided into four groups with five in each group. In WT control group and NRF2 -/- control group, the wild type mice and NRF2 -/- mice were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) respectively. In WT model group and NRF2 -/- model group, the wild type mice and NRF2 -/- mice were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μL PBS containing Staphylococcus aureus (3×10 8 colony forming unit (CFU)/mL) respectively. The lung samples were taken under anesthesia six hours after injection, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe tissuse lesions. The survival of the mice was evaluated. The protein concentrations and cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the mRNA relative expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in lung tissues, and the serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were compared among the four groups. Independent samples t test was used for statistical comparison. Results:After six days of observation, no mice died in WT control group and NRF2 -/- control group, three mice died in WT model group on day 3, and four mice died in NRF2 -/- model group on day 4. The pathological staining showed that macrophage infiltration and alveolar structure damage occurred in the lung tissuse of WT model group, and the damage were more significant in NRF2 -/- model group. The protein concentrations and cell counts in BALF of mice in WT control group were (342±23) μg/mL and (5.78±2.67)×10 5/mL, respectively, those in WT model group were (657±39) μg/mL and (10.78±5.57)×10 5/mL, respectively, those in NRF2 -/- control group were (312±45) μg/mL and (5.67±1.46)×10 5/mL, respectively, and those in NRF2 -/- model group were (957±85) μg/mL and (13.85±3.72)×10 5/mL, respectively. The protein concentrations and cell counts in WT model group were higher than those in WT control group ( t=6.56, P<0.001 and t=8.21, P<0.001, respectively), while lower than NRF2 -/- model group ( t=2.32, P=0.001 and t=3.11, P=0.002, respectively). The differences were all statistically significant. Compared with the WT model group, the mRNA relative expressions of TNF-α (4.345±1.131 vs 12.375±4.534), IL-1β (5.395±2.112 vs 6.865±2.185), IL-6 (2.964±0.945 vs 5.467±1.855) in the lung tissues of NRF2 -/- model group increased, and the serum levels of MPO (2.956±1.211 vs 4.745±1.945) and MDA (4.333±1.652 vs 8.234±3.734) increased, while the level of SOD (17.121±8.183 vs 11.967±8.122) decreased, with statistically differences ( t=1.77, 4.67, 2.99, 7.99, 10.45 and 8.45, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The absence of NRF2 gene can exacerbate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in mice with Staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis, leading to more severe lung tissue damage.

Objective:To explore the role and mechanism of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in lung injury in mice with Staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis. Methods:A sepsis mouse model with Staphylococcus aureus infection was created using wild-type C57BL/6 male mice and NRF2 -/- male mice aged six to eight weeks. The mice were divided into four groups with five in each group. In WT control group and NRF2 -/- control group, the wild type mice and NRF2 -/- mice were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) respectively. In WT model group and NRF2 -/- model group, the wild type mice and NRF2 -/- mice were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μL PBS containing Staphylococcus aureus (3×10 8 colony forming unit (CFU)/mL) respectively. The lung samples were taken under anesthesia six hours after injection, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe tissuse lesions. The survival of the mice was evaluated. The protein concentrations and cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the mRNA relative expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in lung tissues, and the serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were compared among the four groups. Independent samples t test was used for statistical comparison. Results:After six days of observation, no mice died in WT control group and NRF2 -/- control group, three mice died in WT model group on day 3, and four mice died in NRF2 -/- model group on day 4. The pathological staining showed that macrophage infiltration and alveolar structure damage occurred in the lung tissuse of WT model group, and the damage were more significant in NRF2 -/- model group. The protein concentrations and cell counts in BALF of mice in WT control group were (342±23) μg/mL and (5.78±2.67)×10 5/mL, respectively, those in WT model group were (657±39) μg/mL and (10.78±5.57)×10 5/mL, respectively, those in NRF2 -/- control group were (312±45) μg/mL and (5.67±1.46)×10 5/mL, respectively, and those in NRF2 -/- model group were (957±85) μg/mL and (13.85±3.72)×10 5/mL, respectively. The protein concentrations and cell counts in WT model group were higher than those in WT control group ( t=6.56, P<0.001 and t=8.21, P<0.001, respectively), while lower than NRF2 -/- model group ( t=2.32, P=0.001 and t=3.11, P=0.002, respectively). The differences were all statistically significant. Compared with the WT model group, the mRNA relative expressions of TNF-α (4.345±1.131 vs 12.375±4.534), IL-1β (5.395±2.112 vs 6.865±2.185), IL-6 (2.964±0.945 vs 5.467±1.855) in the lung tissues of NRF2 -/- model group increased, and the serum levels of MPO (2.956±1.211 vs 4.745±1.945) and MDA (4.333±1.652 vs 8.234±3.734) increased, while the level of SOD (17.121±8.183 vs 11.967±8.122) decreased, with statistically differences ( t=1.77, 4.67, 2.99, 7.99, 10.45 and 8.45, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The absence of NRF2 gene can exacerbate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in mice with Staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis, leading to more severe lung tissue damage.