ObjectiveTo investigate the pharmacological effects of modified Xiexintang ointment on anti-infection and promotion of wound healing in mice with deep second-degree scalds， as well as its underlying mechanisms. MethodsA mouse model of deep second-degree scald was established and mice were randomly divided into six groups： blank group， model group， positive control group （Jingwanhong ointment， 0.1 g·cm^-2）， low-， medium-， and high-dose modified Xiexintang ointment group （0.05， 0.1， and 0.2 g·cm^-2）， with 10 mice in each group. Treatment was administered for 16 days. Wound recovery was recorded by photography， and the wound healing rate was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe histopathological changes in the scalded skin tissues. The levels of inflammatory cytokines， including interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and cluster of differentiation 31 （CD31） in wound tissues. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expression levels of nerve growth factor （NGF）， its high-affinity receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase A （TrkA）， and its low-affinity receptor nerve growth factor receptor （NGFR）. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the burn site in the model group showed swelling and whitening on the day of modeling， followed by hardening and scab formation on the next day. HE staining on day 2 revealed dermal tissue damage， swelling and degeneration of collagen fibers with homogeneous eosinophilic staining， partial destruction of hair follicles and sebaceous glands， and inflammatory cell infiltration in the dermis， indicating successful model establishment. Compared with the model group， from day 8 of treatment， the low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of modified Xiexintang ointment significantly increased the wound healing rate （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， all dose groups significantly promoted thickening of the newly formed epidermis， reduced hemorrhage， decreased inflammatory cell infiltration， and increased neovascularization. Compared with the model group， all dose groups significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α in wound tissues （P<0.01）. Meanwhile， the expression levels of angiogenesis-related proteins VEGF and CD31 in wound tissues were significantly increased in all dose groups （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the protein expression levels of NGF， NGFR， and TrkA were increased in the medium-dose group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. With increasing dosage， the high-dose group showed a more pronounced increase in NGF， NGFR， and TrkA expression compared with the model group （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Xiexintang ointment exerts anti-infective and wound-healing effects on skin wounds in mice with deep second-degree scalds. The underlying mechanisms may be related to the regulation of VEGF， CD31， NGF， TrkA， and NGFR protein expression， thereby reducing inflammation and promoting angiogenesis and nerve regeneration at the wound site.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease （ADPKD） is a systemic hereditary renal disorder and can affect multiple organs， and congenital hepatic fibrosis is one of the manifestations of liver involvement and is an important complication of ADPKD. Symptomatic management is currently the main treatment method for this disease， and disease-specific drugs such as tolvaptan have limited indications and cannot correct the underlying genetic defect. This article reports a case of ADPKD with congenital hepatic fibrosis， and sirolimus was identified as the individualized treatment regimen based on peripheral blood functional genomic analysis and drug sensitivity prediction platform. The patient achieved significant improvements in symptoms and quality of life after treatment， with a stable kidney volume. This case shows that functional genomics has a potential value in guiding individualized treatment of rare genetic disorders， which provides new treatment ideas and practice paths for similar patients.

Objective To explore the method for establishing a pig left lung orthotopic transplantation model. Methods A total of 4 male Yorkshire pigs weighing (40.0±2.5) kg underwent surgical procedures, including anesthesia, tracheal intubation, donor lung procurement, and recipient lung transplantation. Histological morphology and blood gas analysis of the transplanted lungs were assessed 2 hours after reperfusion to evaluate the histological changes and function of the transplanted lungs. Results The pigs underwent left lung in situ transplantation, effectively simulating conditions relevant to human lung transplantation. Two hours after the transplantation, arterial blood gas analysis showed that arterial partial pressure of oxygen was 155.4-178.6 mm Hg, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide was 53.1-62.4 mm Hg, and the oxygenation index was 310.8-357.2 mm Hg. Hematoxylin and eosin staining indicated a low degree of pulmonary edema and minimal cellular infiltration. Conclusion The pig left lung orthotopic transplantation model possesses strong operability and stability. Researchers can replicate this model according to the described methods and further conduct basic research and explore clinical translational applications.

Peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals targeting integrin α5β1 show promise for precise tumor diagnosis and treatment. However, current peptide-based radioligands that target α5β1 demonstrate inadequate in vivo performance owing to limited tumor retention. The use of PEGylation to enhance the tumor retention of radiopharmaceuticals by prolonging blood circulation time poses a risk of increased blood toxicity. Therefore, a PEGylation strategy that boosts tumor retention while minimizing blood circulation time is urgently needed. Here, we developed a PEGylation-enabled peptide multidisplay platform (PEGibody) for PR_b, an α5β1 targeting peptide. PEGibody generation involved PEGylation and self-assembly. [⁶⁴Cu]QM-2303 PEGibodies displayed spherical nanoparticles ranging from 100 to 200 nm in diameter. Compared with non-PEGylated radioligands, [⁶⁴Cu]QM-2303 demonstrated enhanced tumor retention time due to increased binding affinity and stability. Importantly, the biodistribution analysis confirmed rapid clearance of [⁶⁴Cu]QM-2303 from the bloodstream. Administration of a single dose of [¹⁷⁷Lu]QM-2303 led to robust antitumor efficacy. Furthermore, [⁶⁴Cu]/[¹⁷⁷Lu]QM-2303 exhibited low hematological and organ toxicity in both healthy and tumor-bearing mice. Therefore, this study presents a PEGibody-based radiotheranostic approach that enhances tumor retention time and provides long-lasting antitumor effects without prolonging blood circulation lifetime. The PEGibody-based radiopharmaceutical [⁶⁴Cu]/[¹⁷⁷Lu]QM-2303 shows great potential for positron emission tomography imaging-guided targeted radionuclide therapy for α5β1-overexpressing tumors.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of different right lung volume reduction techniques when the donor lung is oversized and mismatched with the recipient. Methods Clinical data of 10 recipients who underwent right lung volume reduction lung transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from October 2022 to June 2024 were collected, including gender, age, primary disease type, and type of transplantation. A retrospective analysis was performed on postoperative complications within 90 days, duration of mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, and survival status to explore the impact of different volume reduction techniques on the survival rate of lung transplant recipients. Results A total of 10 right lung volume reduction recipients were included in this study, with 2 cases of upper lobe reduction, 7 cases of middle lobe reduction, and 1 case of lower lobe reduction. Three recipients developed airway complications (one each with upper, middle, and lower lobe reduction). The 30-day survival rate was 90% and the 1-year survival rate was 70%. One recipient with upper lobe reduction died of septic shock during the perioperative period, one with lower lobe reduction died of airway anastomotic fistula 2 months after surgery, and one with middle lobe reduction died of renal insufficiency 1 year after surgery. All 7 recipients with middle lobe reduction successfully passed the perioperative period, with one case of airway anastomotic stenosis (1/7). The average duration of mechanical ventilation was 71 hours, and the average hospital stay was 26 days. The 30-day survival rate was 7/7, and the 1-year survival rate was 6/7. Conclusions Middle lobe reduction in right lung transplantation surgery has the advantages of low incidence of airway complications, good safety, and minimal loss of lung function, and may be a better right lung volume reduction option with potential for application.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of self-prescribed Huoxue Shengjing Prescription as adjuvant therapy for varicocele-induced infertility and its impact on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ET/ICSI).Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 99 patients with varicocele-induced infertility in our hospital from January 2022 to July 2023 were selected as observation subjects and divided into three groups using a random number table method, with 33 patients in each group. The low ligation group received low ligation of varicocele under a microscope, the low ligation + conventional Western medicine treatment group received low ligation + conventional Western medicine therapy, and the combined group received low ligation + conventional Western medicine therapy + a self-prescribed Huoxue Shengjing Prescription. Among them, the low ligation of varicocele under a microscope was followed by IVF-ET/ICSI assisted reproductive technology 3 months after surgery; the conventional Western medicine therapy involved continuous administration of L-carnitine oral solution for 3 months; the self-prescribed Huoxue Shengjing Prescription was started on the first day after surgery and continued for 3 months. TCM syndrome scores were assessed before and after treatment, and semen routine analysis was performed using an automated semen quality analyzer. Mitochondrial activity of granulosa cells was measured using the Hrudka extraction method, and sperm nuclear DNA integrity was assessed using a modified alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis method. Follow-up was conducted for 1 year to observe and record the outcomes of IVF-ET/ICSI and evaluate the clinical efficacy.Results:The total effective rate was 93.9% (31/33) in the combined group, 69.7% (23/33) in the low ligation group, and 75.8% (25/33) in the low ligation + conventional Western medicine treatment group, with statistical significance ( χ 2=6.52, P=0.039). After treatment, the scores for mild abdominal pain, testicular heavy pain, impotence, mental fatigue, and the total score in the combined group were lower than those in the low ligation + conventional Western medicine treatment group and the low ligation group ( F values were 89.29, 97.51, 136.36, 155.06, and 311.13, respectively, P<0.001). The sperm survival rate, sperm concentration, normal morphology rate, and progressive motility rate in the combined group were higher than those in the low ligation + conventional Western medicine treatment group and the low ligation group ( F values were 19.23, 11.85, 35.97, and 52.21, respectively, P<0.001). Mitochondrial grade I cell activity of granulosa cells was higher than that of the low ligation + conventional treatment group and low ligation group ( F=23.23, P<0.001), and grade Ⅲ cell activity was lower than that of the low ligation + conventional treatment group and low ligation group ( F=20.28, P<0.001). After treatment, the detection of grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ sperm nuclear DNA integrity in the combined group were higher than those in the low ligation + conventional Western medicine treatment group and the low ligation group ( F values were 17.73 and 18.39, respectively, P<0.001), while grades Ⅲ and Ⅳ were lower than those in the low ligation + conventional Western medicine treatment group and the low ligation group ( F values were 29.07 and 10.36, respectively, P<0.001). During follow-up, the excellent embryo rate and the spouse's clinical pregnancy rate in the combined group were higher than those in the low ligation + conventional Western medicine treatment group and the low ligation group ( χ2 values were 14.92 and 8.38, respectively; P values were 0.001 and 0.015, respectively). Conclusion:The adjuvant treatment with a self-prescribed Huoxue Shengjing Prescription can enhance sperm quality in patients with varicocele-related infertility, maintain DNA integrity, regulate seminal plasma mitochondrial function, increase the rate of high-quality embryos, and improve the spouse's pregnancy outcomes.

In order to further promote the standardization of the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD),the team of Professor Chen Dacan,who is honored as the Qihuang Scholar,developed the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Atopic Dermatitis(hereinafter referred to as Guidelines for AD).This paper detailed the process of development of Guidelines for AD,and analyzed the characteristics of Guidelines for AD,as well as the difficulties and countermeasures encountered during such a time.The development of Guidelines for AD follows the methodology of international guidelines for clinical trial.Experts specializing in various disciplines,such as traditional Chinese medicine,western medicine,integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine,and methodology,composed an expert group and a working group.On the basis of systematic literature research,the clinic experiences of frontline experts were well-summarized,and the draft of Guidelines for AD was formed after several meetings and discussions.In the process of developing Guidelines for AD,quite a number of problems were encountered,and the project team found the corresponding countermeasures after analyzing these problems.The countermeasures became the characteristics of Guidelines for AD:the integration of traditional Chinese medicine therapies and western medicine therapies,and the evaluation of the evidence of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine solved the problem of traditional Chinese and western medicine diagnosis and treatment of AD lacking standardization;the adequately combination of the evidence with the experience of clinical practice solved the problems of the low overall level and the insufficiency of traditional Chinese medicine evidence for AD;the establishment of management goals and strategies for AD after taking the advantages of both traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine into account was in line with the international treatment and management concepts;the formulation of individualized traditional Chinese and western medicine therapy based on the integration of traditional Chinese medicine therapy and western medicine therapy met the clinical needs of patients with different characteristics of AD.The development process of Guidelines for AD and the analysis of problems and countermeasures during such a time will provide reference and reflection for the subsequent establishment of clinical guidelines for the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in other diseases.

Objective To investigate the relationship between stationing years of personnel on an island and their traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution,thus providing a reference for adjusting the health status of stationed personnel,preventing and treating diseases.Methods Based on The Scale of Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire,TCM constitution of 734 personnel stationed on an island was investigated.Pearson χ2 method was used for data analysis.Results Of the 734 personnel stationed on an island 345(47.0%)were of the balanced constitution type and 389(53.0%)were of the biased constitution types.Among the people with biased constitution types,composite constitution accounted for 80.5%(313 people)and the simple accounted for the rest(19.5%,76 people).The top three types of the biased were dampness heat(15.2%),qi deficiency(14.0%),and yin deficiency(10.7%).The distribution of TCM constitution types was significantly different in terms of stationing years on the island(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the balanced type and yin deficiency type between people with stationing time≤2 years and>8 years(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in qi deficiency type and qi depression type between people with stationing time≤2 years and>5 years(P<0.05).Compared to people with stationing time≤2 years,significant difference was found in yang deficiency type in people with stationing time ranging from 2 to 5 years and those with>8 years(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the phlegm dampness type,blood stasis type,and specific diathesis type between people with stationing time≤2 years and people with stationing time ranging from>2～5 years and>8 years(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the dampness heat type between people with stationing time≤2 years and people with stationing time ranging from>5～8 years and>8 years,between pepole with stationing time ranging from>2～5 years and people with stationing time>8 years(P<0.05).Conclusion The dampness heat type,qi deficiency type and yin deficiency type are common biased TCM constitution in personnel stationed on islands.The longer the time spent on islands,the greater the possibility of forming biased constitution.

By consulting relevant literature of ancient herbal books and processing specifications， this paper made a systematic research and analysis of Ostreae Concha， including the name， producing area， harvesting， quality， historical evolution of processing， relevant processing specifications， modern processing technology， and changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects before and after processing， in order to provide documentary evidence for the research on processing technology and the establishment of quality standards. According to the textual research， it is known that Ostreae Concha has a long history of being used in medicine， and there have been many aliases and local names in each historical period. Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica（Shennong Bencaojing） began to use Muli as the correct name， which has continued to use to today， and there were also aliases such as Muge， Zuogu Muli and Haoke. Ostreae Concha has a wide range of localities and irregular harvesting periods. The ancients believed that its left shell was of superior quality， but this has not been seen in modern. And there were many kinds of processing methods of Ostreae Concha， such as grinding， roasting， calcining， frying， simmering， quenching and so on， and the calcining was still in use. The different editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia from 1963 to 2020 contain only calcined Ostreae Concha， and the local processing specifications mainly include three kinds of processed products（calcined products， salt-soaked products and vinegar-soaked products）. Modern processing research mainly focuses on process optimization， changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects， and the research methods are relatively single. Overall， there are currently issues such as inconsistent processing standards， unclear process parameters and imperfect quality standards， which are not conducive to the quality control and standardized clinical use of Ostreae Concha. Therefore， it is necessary to further investigate the pharmacological substance basis of Ostreae Concha and its processed products in order to elucidate the processing mechanism， standardize the processing technology and improve the quality standard.