Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with blast-induced hearing loss（BIHL）. Methods:The clinical features, laboratory parameters, audiometric profiles, and treatment efficacy of patients with blast induced hearing loss and those with idiopathic sudden hearing loss（ISHL） were analyzed using t-tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and chi-square tests, with a significance level set at P<0.05. Results:A total of 59 patients in the BIHL group and 117 patients in the ISHL group were included in this study. The mean age of the BIHL group was（39.07±14.49） years, comprising 45 males and 14 females. After the blast, 21 patients went to the hospital within the initial 14-day period, and an additional 38 patients seeking admission thereafter. In the BIHL group, 33 patients had unilateral hearing loss with PTA of （50.30±28.85） dB HL, while 26 had bilateral hearing loss with a PTA of（44.54±26.22） dB HL. In comparison, among the ISHL group, 112 patients had unilateral hearing loss with a PTA of（56.28±14.19） dB HL, and 5 had bilateral involvement with a PTA of（56.25±35.14） dB HL. The effective treatment rate within 14 days for the BIHL group was 31.8%, while for the ISHL group, the effective rate within 14 days was 77.0%. Conclusion:Blast-induced hearing loss is caused by exposure to high-intensity noise. The overall treatment effectiveness during hospitalization is lower compared to idiopathic sudden hearing loss, and the treatment window is shorter. Therefore, greater emphasis should be placed on prevention.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Blast Injuries/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/etiology* ; Adolescent ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/diagnosis*

OBJECTIVES: To explore the molecular mechanism of Jiangzhi Huaban Decoction (JZHBD) for improving atherosclerosis through the "qi meridian-blood channels" pathway. METHODS: ApoE^-/- mouse models of atherosclerosis were established by high-fat diet feeding for 8 weeks, with C57BL/6 mice on a normal diet as the controls. Forty ApoE^-/- mouse models were randomized into model group, low-, medium-, and high-dose JZHBD treatment groups, and atorvastatin treatment group (n=8) for their respective treatments for 8 weeks. The changes in body weight and overall condition of the mice were monitored weekly. After the treatments, serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, TBA, ALT, and AST of the mice were measured, pathological changes in the liver and aortic root plaques were examined with HE staining, and lipid accumulation in the liver and aortic wall was assessed using Oil Red O staining. The core molecular mechanism was studied through transcriptomics, and the expressions of the key pathway proteins were confirmed using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Treatment with JZHBD significantly reduced blood lipid and total bile acid levels, improved liver function and hepatic steatosis, and decreased aortic lipid deposition and plaque area in the mouse models of atherosclerosis. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that the therapeutic mechanism of JZHBD involved reverse cholesterol transport, PPAR signaling, and the inflammatory pathways. In atherosclerotic mice, JZHBD treatment obviously up-regulated hepatic expressions of PPARγ, LXRα, ABCA1, ABCG1, and CYP7A1, down-regulated hepatic expressions of p-p65/p65, IL-6, IL1β in the liver, increased ABCG5 and ABCG8 expressions in the intestines, and decreased ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expressions in the aortic plaques. CONCLUSIONS JZHBD improves atherosclerotic vascular damage and plaque formation possibly by regulating hepatic reverse cholesterol transport and inflammation via modulating the hepatic PPARγ/LXRα/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism* ; Liver/metabolism* ; Mice ; Atherosclerosis/metabolism* ; Cholesterol/metabolism* ; PPAR gamma/metabolism* ; Male ; Diet, High-Fat ; Biological Transport

Objective To investigate the research hotspot and development trend of noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)in the past 30 years.Methods The CNKI(China national knowledge infrastructure)database,Wanfang Medical network and VIP database.NoteExpress were used for literature screening.CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software were used for bibliometric analysis and data visualization.Results A total of 3 823 articles were included for analy-sis.The top 3 keywords were:"noise","hearing loss",and"noise-induced deafness".A total of 358 literatures were published on the pathogenesis of NIHL.The pathogenesis included oxidative stress,genetic susceptibility,mechanical damage,microcirculation disturbance,calcium overload,etc.Conclusion The number of papers pub-lished in the field of NIHL has increased year by year,and the overall development can be divided into three stages:exploration of the influence of noise,research on etiology,and prevention and assessment of occupational noise-in-duced hearing loss.In terms of pathogenesis,the oxidative stress mechanism has been widely recognized by schol-ars,and genetic susceptibility has become a research hotspot.

As the location with special public health environments,funeral parlors are of paramount importance in the prevention and control of infectious diseases as well as disinfection practices.This paper analyzes the unique hy-gienic characteristics of funeral parlors,summarizes relevant laws,regulations,standards,and literatures in funeral parlors at home and abroad,and elaborates the problems relevant to infection prevention and control in funeral par-lors from perspectives of body disposal risks,microbial contamination characteristics in funeral parlors,and the current status of staff's knowledge on infectious diseases.It aims to enhance the professional prevention and control capabilities of funeral service personnel and management personnel,ensure the health and safety of service recipients and staff,optimize service quality,provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for forming a sound infectious disease prevention and control system for funeral service institutions,and clarify research directions for the preven-tion and control of infectious diseases in funeral parlors in the future.

Objective:To identify the key differentially expressed gene, BTF3, in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC)using bioinformatics methods and to preliminarily explore the potential mechanisms of BTF3 and its co-expressed genes in cSCC development. Methods:The cSCC-related datasets(GSE98767, GSE42677, GSE45164)were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.Differential expression analysis revealed BTF3 as a significantly differentially expressed gene in cSCC.A BTF3-related co-expressed gene network was constructed and subjected to gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis to investigate the biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components that were significantly enriched.The study selected 60 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, collected between 2020 and 2024.This cohort included 30 samples from cSCC patients and 30 samples from patients who underwent excision of melanocytic nevi.Immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to assess the expression of BTF3 in cSCC tissues.Additionally, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to assess the relevance of BTF3 to immune cells, and protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis was employed to identify critical gene networks. Results:BTF3 was significantly overexpressed in cSCC, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve indicated that BTF3 exhibited moderate classification accuracy.Co-expression analysis revealed that positively correlated genes with BTF3 included EIF3E and HSPA14, while negatively correlated genes included SZRD1 and ARHGEF2.GO analysis demonstrated that BTF3 was enriched in biological processes such as glucose metabolism, signaling in response to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)damage, endogenous apoptotic signaling pathways, platelet morphogenesis, and platelet formation.Additionally, ssGSEA indicated a significant association of BTF3 with memory B cells and a notable correlation with low CD56-expressing natural killer cells. Conclusions:BTF3 is significantly overexpressed in cSCC and may represent a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target by influencing key gene networks and modulating the immune microenvironment.

Objective To investigate the research hotspot and development trend of noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)in the past 30 years.Methods The CNKI(China national knowledge infrastructure)database,Wanfang Medical network and VIP database.NoteExpress were used for literature screening.CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software were used for bibliometric analysis and data visualization.Results A total of 3 823 articles were included for analy-sis.The top 3 keywords were:"noise","hearing loss",and"noise-induced deafness".A total of 358 literatures were published on the pathogenesis of NIHL.The pathogenesis included oxidative stress,genetic susceptibility,mechanical damage,microcirculation disturbance,calcium overload,etc.Conclusion The number of papers pub-lished in the field of NIHL has increased year by year,and the overall development can be divided into three stages:exploration of the influence of noise,research on etiology,and prevention and assessment of occupational noise-in-duced hearing loss.In terms of pathogenesis,the oxidative stress mechanism has been widely recognized by schol-ars,and genetic susceptibility has become a research hotspot.

As the location with special public health environments,funeral parlors are of paramount importance in the prevention and control of infectious diseases as well as disinfection practices.This paper analyzes the unique hy-gienic characteristics of funeral parlors,summarizes relevant laws,regulations,standards,and literatures in funeral parlors at home and abroad,and elaborates the problems relevant to infection prevention and control in funeral par-lors from perspectives of body disposal risks,microbial contamination characteristics in funeral parlors,and the current status of staff's knowledge on infectious diseases.It aims to enhance the professional prevention and control capabilities of funeral service personnel and management personnel,ensure the health and safety of service recipients and staff,optimize service quality,provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for forming a sound infectious disease prevention and control system for funeral service institutions,and clarify research directions for the preven-tion and control of infectious diseases in funeral parlors in the future.

Objective:To identify the key differentially expressed gene, BTF3, in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC)using bioinformatics methods and to preliminarily explore the potential mechanisms of BTF3 and its co-expressed genes in cSCC development. Methods:The cSCC-related datasets(GSE98767, GSE42677, GSE45164)were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.Differential expression analysis revealed BTF3 as a significantly differentially expressed gene in cSCC.A BTF3-related co-expressed gene network was constructed and subjected to gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis to investigate the biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components that were significantly enriched.The study selected 60 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, collected between 2020 and 2024.This cohort included 30 samples from cSCC patients and 30 samples from patients who underwent excision of melanocytic nevi.Immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to assess the expression of BTF3 in cSCC tissues.Additionally, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to assess the relevance of BTF3 to immune cells, and protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis was employed to identify critical gene networks. Results:BTF3 was significantly overexpressed in cSCC, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve indicated that BTF3 exhibited moderate classification accuracy.Co-expression analysis revealed that positively correlated genes with BTF3 included EIF3E and HSPA14, while negatively correlated genes included SZRD1 and ARHGEF2.GO analysis demonstrated that BTF3 was enriched in biological processes such as glucose metabolism, signaling in response to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)damage, endogenous apoptotic signaling pathways, platelet morphogenesis, and platelet formation.Additionally, ssGSEA indicated a significant association of BTF3 with memory B cells and a notable correlation with low CD56-expressing natural killer cells. Conclusions:BTF3 is significantly overexpressed in cSCC and may represent a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target by influencing key gene networks and modulating the immune microenvironment.

Objective:To investigate possible neuromodulatory mechanisms involved in the involvement of parvalbu-min(PV)expression in the basal ganglia output nuclei,entopeduncular nucleus(EPN)and substantia nigra pars etic-ulata(SNr),in exercise-induced chronic fatigue impairs working memory capacity.Methods:Male SD rats were divid-ed into control group and Fatigue group by random number method,and a three-stage incremental load treadmill training program was selected to establish a chronic exhaustion exercise-induced fatigue rat model.The working memory ability of rats was assessed by the Y-maze autonomous alternation experiment.Immunohistochemical staining was used to ob-serve the expression of parvalbumin(PV)positive neurons and cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3(caspase-3)in EPN and SNr of rats.Results:The accuracy of voluntary alternation in the fatigue group was obviously lower than that in control group(P＜0.05).The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the density of PV positive neu-rons and the degree of positive fiber staining in EPN and SNr in the fatigue group were obviously lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The number of caspase-3 positive cells per unit area of EPN and SNr in the fa-tigue group was obviously higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion:The mechanism of impairing working memory in rats caused by exercise-induced chronic fatigue may be related to the apoptosis of PV posi-tive neurons in EPN and SNr.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) in patients with auditory neuropathy (AN). The factors affecting DPOAE elicitation rate of each frequency, elicitation rate of each ear and change rate of first and last diagnosis in the natural course were analyzed.Methods:The sample was obtained from the Multicenter Study on Clinical Diagnosis and Intervention of AN (registration number: ChiCTR2100050125), and the diagnostic criteria for AN were based on the Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines of Auditory Neuropathy (version 2022). Patients with bilateral AN who underwent 2 or more DPOAE tests were screened and divided into infant groups (≤3 years old) and non-infant groups (>3 years old) according to the age of detection, and the trend of DPOAE elicitation rate of each frequency, elicitation rate of each ear and change rate in the natural course of disease were analyzed, in order to explore the relevant influencing factors.Results:A total of 165 patients (330 ears) with AN were included in the study. The overall DPOAE elicitation rate per ear was 77.0%±29.4% at the initial diagnosis and 65.1%±35.2% at the final diagnosis, with a reduction observed in the elicitation rate of 171 ears (51.82%). In the infant group, there were 49 cases (98 ears), including 28 males and 21 females, whose found age ranged from 0 to 3 years old, with a median age of 0.7 years. DPOAE elicitation rate per ear was 57.9%±35.5% in the initial diagnosis, and 32.4%±32.1% in the final diagnosis, with a reduction observed in the elicitation rate of 69 ears (70.41%). In the non-infant group, there were 116 cases (232 ears), including 59 males and 57 females, ranging in found age from 3.9 to 40 years old, with a median age of 14 years old. DPOAE elicitation rate per ear was 84.6%±23.4% in the initial diagnosis, and 78.3%±27.1% in the final diagnosis, with a reduction observed in the elicitation rate of 102 ears (43.97%). Age was found to be correlated with DPOAE changes by multicategorical unordered logistic regression analysis ( B=-0.224, OR=0.799, P<0.001). Conclusions:The elicitation rate of DPOAE in AN patients decreases or even disappears with increasing disease duration; The rate of DPOAE extraction is found to be lower in infant patients with auditory neuropathy (AN) compared to non-infant AN patients. Additionally, it is observed that the decrease in DPOAE extraction rate is more pronounced in infant AN patients as the disease progressed, as compared to non-infant AN patients. DPOAE and cochlear microphonic potentials should be fully combined for accurate diagnosis, and regular follow-up should be conducted to understand the natural course of the disease and give personalized guidance and assistance.