Congenital blood group chimerism refers to the coexistence of two or more distinct blood types within an individual, resulting from the presence of hematopoietic cell populations with different genotypes. Consequently, red blood cells in such individuals may express different blood group antigens. Based on the timing and mechanism of formation, blood group chimerism can be classified as either congenital or acquired. Although congenital blood group chimerism is rare and involves complex mechanisms, it holds significant implications in transfusion medicine, transplantation, and obstetrics. This article reviews the formation mechanisms, detection methods, and clinical significance of congenital blood group chimerism in transfusion medicine. Particular emphasis is placed on the principles, advantages, and limitations of various detection techniques. Furthermore, the potential applications of these technologies in clinical diagnosis are discussed, providing a technical foundation for the development of precise transfusion strategies.

Interleukin- (IL) 23 drives pathogenic differentiation of Th17 cells via the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, upregulates IL-17A/IL-22 expression, and disrupts intestinal barrier integrity, thereby playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). IL-23p19 inhibitors—exemplified by risankizumab, mirikizumab, and guselkumab—precisely block this pathway. Key phase 3 trials have demonstrated their efficacy in CD, showing significant clinical benefits in patients refractory to conventional therapies or biologics, with no new safety signals identified. The ultimate treatment goal for CD is deep healing (mucosal-transmural-biochemical composite remission) as defined by STRIDE II. However, current evidence exhibits critical limitations: absence of head-to-head drug comparisons, insufficient data on biologic-experienced subpopulations, and heterogeneous follow-up durations leading to uncertainties in long-term safety. Future studies require standardized head-to-head trials with enhanced subgroup analyses to optimize precision therapeutics.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of quercetin on cuproptosis and L-type calcium currents in the myocardium of diabetic rats. METHODS: Forty SD rats were randomized into control group and diabetic model groups. The rat models of diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection were further divided into DM model group, quercetin treatment group, and empagliflozin treatment group (n=10). Blood glucose and body weight were measured every other week, and cardiac function of the rats was evaluated using echocardiography. HE staining, Sirius red staining, and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) analysis were used to observe the changes in myocardial histomorphology, and serum copper levels and myocardial FDX1 expression were detected. In cultured rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells with high-glucose exposure, the effects of quercetin and elesclomol, alone or in combination, on intracellular CK-MB and LDH levels and FDX1 expression were assessed, and the changes in L-type calcium currents were analyzed using patch-clamp technique. RESULTS: The diabetic rats exhibited elevated blood glucose, reduced body weight, impaired left ventricular function, increased serum copper levels and myocardial FDX1 expression, decreased L-type calcium currents, and prolonged action potential duration. Quercetin and empagliflozin treatment significantly lowered blood glucose, improved body weight, and restored cardiac function of the diabetic rats, and compared with empagliflozin, quercetin more effectively reduced serum copper levels, downregulated FDX1 expression, and enhanced myocardial L-type calcium currents in diabetic rats. In H9c2 cells, high glucose exposure significantly increased myocardial expressions of FDX1, CK-MB and LDH, which were effectively lowered by quercetin treatment; Elesclomol further elevated FDX1, CK-MB and LDH levels in the exposed cells, and these changes were not significantly affected by the application of quercetin. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin ameliorates myocardial injury in diabetic rats possibly by suppressing myocardial cuproptosis signaling and restoring L-type calcium channel activity.
Animals ; Quercetin/pharmacology* ; Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Male

Interleukin- (IL) 23 drives pathogenic differentiation of Th17 cells via the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, upregulates IL-17A/IL-22 expression, and disrupts intestinal barrier integrity, thereby playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). IL-23p19 inhibitors—exemplified by risankizumab, mirikizumab, and guselkumab—precisely block this pathway. Key phase 3 trials have demonstrated their efficacy in CD, showing significant clinical benefits in patients refractory to conventional therapies or biologics, with no new safety signals identified. The ultimate treatment goal for CD is deep healing (mucosal-transmural-biochemical composite remission) as defined by STRIDE II. However, current evidence exhibits critical limitations: absence of head-to-head drug comparisons, insufficient data on biologic-experienced subpopulations, and heterogeneous follow-up durations leading to uncertainties in long-term safety. Future studies require standardized head-to-head trials with enhanced subgroup analyses to optimize precision therapeutics.

Objective:To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA 01694(LINC01694)regulating the microRNA-128-3p(miR-128-3p)/telomeric repeat binding factor 1(TERF1)axis on the malignant biological behaviors of prostate cancer(PC)cells.Methods:Cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues from 20 PC patients undergoing surgery at the Department of Urology,Jingzhou Central Hospital,between January 2023 and January 2024 were collected.Human PC cell lines(PC-3,DU145,LNCaP,C4-2)and normal human prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells were routinely cultured.LNCaP cells were transfected with sh-LINC01694,sh-NC,miR-128-3p inhibitor,inhibitor-NC,miR-128-3pmimics,pcDNA,and pcDNA-LINC01694 using Lipo6000? transfection reagent.Cells were divided into the following groups:Ctrl,sh-NC,sh-LINC01694,sh-LINC01694+NC inhibitor,sh-LINC01694+miR-128-3p inhibitor,pcDNA,and pcDNA LINC01694 groups.The mRNA expression of LINC01694,miR-128-3p,and TERF1 in PC tissues and cells,as well as LNCap cells in each group,was detected by qPCR.The protein expression of TERF1,caspase-3,cyclin D1,E-cadherin,and N-cadherin in LNCaP cells of each group was detected by WB method.Clone formation assay,flow cytometry,and Transwell chamber assay were applied to detect proliferation,apoptosis,migration,and invasion of LNCaP cells,respectively.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay,RNA pull-down assay,and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation(RIP)assay were applied to verify the targeting binding relationship between LINC01694 and miR-128-3p as well as between TERF1 and miR-128-3p.Nude mouse LNCaP cell xenograft experiment was conducted to assess the effect of LINC01694 knockdown on tumor growth.Results:LINC01694 was highly expressed in PC tissues and cells(all P<0.05).Knockdown of LINC01694 in LNCaP cells promoted the protein expression of miR-128-3p,caspase-3,and E-cadherin,inhibited the protein expression of LINC01694,TERF1,cyclin D1,and N-cadherin,reduced cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,and promoted apoptosis(all P<0.05).All these effects were partially reversed by the miR-128-3p inhibitor(all P<0.05).LINC01694 could directly bind to miR-128-3p(P<0.05),while miR-128-3p could directly bind to TERF1 mRNA(P<0.05),indicating that LINC01694 regulates the miR-128-3p/TERF1 axis.Knockdown of LINC01694 significantly inhibited the growth of LNCaP cell xenografts in nude mice(P<0.05).Conclusion:LINC01694 regulates the malignant biological behaviors of LNCaP cells through the miR-128-3p/TERF1 axis.

OBJECTIVE To know about the working mode and human resource status of pharmacy intravenous admixture services （PIVAS） in national medical institutions. METHODS Through questionnaire survey， the national PIVAS was invited to fill out questionnaire and statistical analysis was performed on the effective sample data related to PIVAS working mode and human resources in the questionnaire. RESULTS In this study， 761 PIVAS from 722 medical institutions of 29 provinces were involved in the questionnaire survey， with 471 valid questionnaires for working mode and 441 valid questionnaires for human resources survey. In terms of working mode， among 471 PIVAS， 292 PIVAS （62.0%） were in pharmacist-alone mode， and 176 PIVAS （37.4%） were in pharmacist-nurse cooperative mode； there was no significant difference in the types of medical orders received by PIVAS between these two working modes except for the other medical orders （P＞0.05）. In terms of human resource setting， among 441 PIVAS， the average number of total staff of single PIVAS was 24（16，33）， including 11（6，19） pharmacists， 7（2，13） nursing staff， and 3（1，5） workers； there was a statistically significant difference in the number of personnel among three groups （P＜ 0.01）. The per capita income of PIVAS respondents in 2019 was [7.9（4.8，10.7）]×104 yuan， and in 2021 it was [8.8（5.8，11.7）]× 104 yuan， with an increase of 9.0% compared to 2019. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant （P＜ 0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Medical institutions’ PIVAS in China had not fully implemented the pharmacist-alone work model， and some medical institutions had chosen a pharmacist-nurse cooperative mode. It is suggested that relevant departments formulate corresponding qualification requirements and training standards for nursing personnel as soon as possible based on sufficient research on PIVAS’s demand for nursing professionals.

OBJECTIVE To know about the pharmacy intravenous admixture charge and operation balance of pharmacy intravenous admixture services （PIVAS） in national medical institutions. METHODS Using questionnaire survey method， the national PIVAS leaders were invited to fill in the questionnaire， investigation and statistical analysis of the drug dispensing charge standard and the income and expenditure situations of PIVAS nationwide were conducted. RESULTS A total of 761 PIVAS completed the questionnaire， among which 466 PIVAS （61.2%） had already started implementing pharmacy intravenous admixture charge， mainly in tertiary hospitals. The charge standards for chemotherapy drugs and parenteral nutrition solutions were relatively high， while the standards for packaged drugs were the lowest， with differences in charge standards among provinces（P＜0.05）. Among the 25 provinces that reported annual drug preparation fee revenue， Hubei had the highest revenue in both 2019 and 2021. In 2019， the number of PIVAS with a balance of payments was more than that of PIVAS with an imbalance of payments， but the number of PIVAS with an imbalance of payments in 2021 exceeded the number of PIVAS with a balance of payments （P＜0.05）； among them， eight provinces were unbalanced in 2019 and 2021， such as Tianjin， Chongqing， Guizhou， etc. CONCLUSIONS PIVAS charge standards of the surveyed medical institutions in all provinces are not unified. It is suggested to improve the charge standard further， formulate the charge adjustment cycle， and promote a sustainable development of PIVAS.

Objective To analyze the results of cephalometric indicators of facial morphology and hyoid bone position in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods A total of 78 children with OSAS were randomly selected and included in OSAS group. Another 78 healthy children who had not received otolaryngology, orthodontics or speech therapy were selected as healthy control group. Children in both groups underwent otolaryngology evaluation and cephalometric measurement, and the OSAS group also underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) examination. Results The cephalometric measurement results of the facial shape showed that the facial anterior height (N-Me) and facial anterior inferior height (ANS-Me) in the OSAS group were higher than those in the healthy control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the facial anterior superior height (N-ANS) and facial posterior total height (S-Go) between the OSAS group and the healthy control group (P>0.05). The hyoid bone measurement results showed that the vertical distance from the hyoid bone point to the mandibular plane (HyS), the linear distance from the most anterior superior point of the hyoid bone to the most inferior point of the third cervical vertebra (C3-H), the anterior point of the hyoid bone (Dh-H), the vertical distance from the most anterior point of the hyoid bone to the palatal plane (HyMP), and the most posterior point of the hyoid bone (Dv-H)in the OSAS group were all greater than those in the healthy control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with healthy children, there are significant changes in facial growth and development in children with OSAS, which are characterized by increased N-Me and ANS-Me, as well as increased HyS, C3-H, HyMP, Dh-H, and Dv-H.

Objective To explore the application of polysomnography combined with arterial spin labeling(ASL)perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of insomnia.Methods Forty-two insomnia patients admitted to Department of Neurology were included as insomnia group,while 41 healthy subjects during the same period were included as control group.The two groups were assessed using sleep habits questionnaire,hospital anxiety and depression scale,polysomnography,and ASL perfusion magnetic resonance imaging.Results Compared with control group,insomnia group took significantly more time to fall asleep(P<0.05),and has shorter sleep duration(P<0.05).The differences in the levels of anxiety and depression between two groups were trivial.The total sleep time,rapid eye movement sleep duration,and non-rapid eye movement sleep stage S2-S4were shorter,while the sleep latency and non-rapid eye movement sleep stage S1were longer in insomnia group as compared with control group(all P<0.05).In insomnia group,perfusion was increased in bilateral prefrontal lobes,right temporal lobe,left parietal lobe,right thalamus,and pons(P<0.05),but decreased in bilateral insula and bilateral basal ganglia(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of polysomnography and ASL perfusion magnetic resonance imaging enables precise quantification of sleep condition.

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a serious and common complication of stroke, which seriously affects the rehabilitation of stroke patients. To date, the pathogenesis of PSD is unclear and effective treatments remain unavailable. Here, we established a mouse model of PSD through photothrombosis-induced focal ischemia. By using a combination of brain imaging, transcriptome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis, we found that the hippocampus of PSD mice had a significantly lower metabolic level than other brain regions. RNA sequencing revealed a significant reduction of miR34b-3p, which was expressed in hippocampal neurons and inhibited the translation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). Furthermore, silencing eIF4E inactivated microglia, inhibited neuroinflammation, and abolished the depression-like behaviors in PSD mice. Together, our data demonstrated that insufficient miR34b-3p after stroke cannot inhibit eIF4E translation, which causes PSD by the activation of microglia in the hippocampus. Therefore, miR34b-3p and eIF4E may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PSD.
Animals ; Mice ; Depression ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Stroke/metabolism*