Objective To investigate the efficacy of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)imaging radiomics for the classification and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease(RA-ILD).Methods A total of 261 patients diagnosed with RA-ILD admitted in our hospital from January 2019 to July 2023 were recruited in this study.There were 143 cases of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP )and 118 cases of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP).All the patients underwent HRCT.A U-net deep learning lung segmentation model was applied to obtain HRCT images for automatic lung segmentation,and 1688 imaging histologic features were extracted from each lung segmentation. Variance thresholding,univariate feature selection,and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO ) were used for feature dimensionality reduction step by step,and various machine learning algorithms were conducted to construct the RA-ILD diagnostic histology model.The diagnostic value of each model was compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve and area under curve (AUC),and the accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of the models were evaluated.Results Feature screening finally identified 18 best features from the HRCT images of RA-ILD patients.Statistical difference was found in the distribution of Radiomics score (Radscore)between the UIP and NSIP patients in both the training and test sets (P<0.01 ).Among the 5 imaging histology models,the support vector machine (SVM)algorithm had an AUC value of 0.943 (95％CI:0.916～0.966),a sensitivity of 0.787 and a specificity of 0.912,respectively for the training set,and an AUC value of 0.909 (95％CI:0.849～0.969),a sensitivity of 0.625 and a specificity of 0.897,respectively for the testing set.Conclusion Our constructed RA-ILD classification and diagnosis model performs well,and the model based on SVM algorithm shows the best potential in classifying and diagnosing RA-ILD.

Humans ; Heparin/therapeutic use* ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Insufficiency

Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced* ; East Asian People ; Risk Factors ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Lipids ; Anticholesteremic Agents/adverse effects* ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: At present, more and more studies predict invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) through three-dimensional features of pulmonary nodules, but few studies have confirmed that three-dimensional features have more advantages in diagnosing IAC than traditional two-dimensional features of pulmonary nodules. This study analyzed the differences of chest computed tomography (CT) features between IAC and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) from three-dimensional and two-dimensional levels, and compared the ability of diagnosing IAC. The non-invasive adenocarcinoma group includes precursor glandular lesions (PGL) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA). METHODS: The clinical data of 1,045 patients with ground glass opacity (GGO) from January to December 2019 were collected. Then the correlation between preoperative CT image characteristics and pathological results were analyzed retrospectively. The independent influencing factors for the identification of IAC were screened out according to two-dimensional and three-dimensional classification by multivariate Logistic regression and the cut-off point for the identification of IAC was found out through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. At last, the ability of diagnosing IAC was evaluated by Yoden index. RESULTS: The diameter of nodule, the diameter of solid component, the diameter of mediastinal window nodule in two-dimensional factors, and the volume of nodule, the volume of solid part and the average CT value in three-dimensional factors were independent risk factors for the diagnosis of IAC. These factors were arranged by Yoden index: solid partial volume (0.601)>nodule volume (0.536)>solid component diameter (0.525)>nodule diameter (0.518)>mediastinal window nodule diameter (0.488)>proportion of solid component volume (0.471)>1-tumor disappearance ratio (TDR) (0.468)>consolidation tumor ratio (CTR) (0.394)>average CT value (0.380). CONCLUSIONS The CT features of three-dimensional are better than two-dimensional in the diagnosis of IAC, and the size of solid components is better than the overall size of nodules.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules/diagnostic imaging* ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology*

Objective:To investigate the effects of chronic stress during pregnancy on depressive behavior and DNA methylation of insulin-like growth factor-2 ( IGF-2 )/long non-coding RNA ( lncRNA ) H19 in hippocampus of female offspring rats.Methods:A total of 32 SPF female SD rats were divided into model group and control group according to the random number table. The rats in the model group were treated with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to establish the depression model, and the rats in the control group were fed normally.On the 7th day of stress stimulation, all female rats mated with male rats. One day before stress stimulation and 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after stress stimulation, blood samples were collected from the inner canthus vein of the rats to determine the plasma corticosterone concentration. Eight female pups were randomly selected from each group on postnatal day 28(PND28) and postnatal day 42 (PND42). Plasma corticosterone concentration was measured after angular vein blood collection. At PND42, the depression-like behavior of female pups in the two groups was measured by sucrose preference test, tail suspension test and forced swimming test. The expression of IGF-2/H19 and related transferases in hippocampus of offspring rats was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Methyl target technology was used to capture and sequence 19 CpG sites of IGF-2 differentially methylated region(DMR) fragment 2, 8 CpG sites in H19 imprinting control region (ICR) fragment 1 and 15 CpG sites in H19-ICR fragment 2, and calculate the methylation level of each CpG site. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis of relevant data by repeated measurement ANOVA, t test and non-parametric test. Results:(1) The data of plasma corticosterone content of the two groups of female rats at different times were analyzed by repeated measurement variance.The results showed that the the interaction effect between time and group was not significant ( F=2.997, P=0.066), and the main effect of time was significant ( F=4.44, P=0.010). The main effect of group was significant ( F=41.40, P=0.001). According to the independent effect analysis of factors between groups, on the 14th, 21st, and 28th days of stress, the plasma corticosterone concentration of the model group was higher than that of the control group (all P<0.001). (2) In the sucrose preference test, the total liquid consumption (11.10(10.38, 11.58) mL, 13.55(12.00, 15.77) mL, Z=-3.055, P=0.002), 1% sucrose water consumption ((5.50±1.30) mL, (8.56±2.04) mL, t=-3.582, P=0.003) and 1% sucrose preference percentage ( (51.35±8.69) %, (62.11±8.05) %, t=-2.576, P=0.022) of female pups in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group. (3) The duration of immobility in tail suspension test ((126.95±39.89) s, (54.30±25.00) s, t=4.375, P=0.001) and forced swimming test ((7.97±6.66) s, (1.85±2.12) s, t=2.478, P=0.037) of female offspring in the model group were longer than those in the control group. (4) The expression of IGF-2 mRNA ((0.46±0.24), (1.00±0.00), t=3.821, P=0.019) and H19 mRNA ((0.60±0.25), (1.00±0.00), t=3.574, P=0.007) in hippocampus of female pups in the model group were lower than those of control group. The relative expression of IGF-2 protein in female offspring of model group was lower than that in control group ((0.77±0.04), (1.00±0.00), t=9.876, P=0.01). The relative expression of CCTC-binding factor (CTCF) mRNA ((1.29±0.12), (1.00±0.00), t=-4.850, P=0.003) and protein ((1.90±0.28), (1.00±0.00), t=-5.513, P=0.005) were higher than those in the control group. (5) The methylation levels of three CpG sites in the IGF-2 DMR region of female offspring in the model group were lower than those in the control group ( t=-3.21, -3.00, -3.34, all P<0.05), located at chr1215831028, chr1215831055 and chr1215831205, respectively. The methylation level of IGF-2 DMR fragment was lower than that of the control group ( t=-3.453, P=0.048). The relative expression levels of DNMT3A mRNA ( t=5.102, P=0.002), DNMT3A ( t=10.213, P<0.001) and DNMT3B ( t=4.169, P=0.014) in female offspring of the model group were lower than those in the control group. Conclusion:Chronic stress during pregnancy causes depression and despair in female offspring mice, and the mechanism may be related to the decrease of methylation level of imprinted gene IGF-2 DMR caused by the decrease of methyltransferase expression.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It is found that the incidence and mortality of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in diabetes mellitus patients are lower than that in non-diabetes mellitus patients. This review will present the protective role of diabetes mellitus and its treatment on the aortic disease process, aiming to provide more support for the clinical treatment of AAA.

Background The pathogenesis of beryllium-induced pulmonary fibrosis is unknown and there is no specific treatment for the disease as yet. MicroRNA (miRNA) may play a role in the process of beryllium-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Objective To construct a microRNA-21 (miR-21) interfering cell line, and to investigate the effect of miR-21 on beryllium sulfate (BeSO₄)-induced fibrosis in human lung adenocarcinoma alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 cells) and its potential mechanism. Methods The miR-21 target genes were predicted by the online database miRBase and verified by experiments using dual luciferase reporter gene. After transfecting A549 with miR-21interference lentivirus, puromycin was used to select a stable cell line. An in vitro model of pulmonary fibrosis was established using BeSO₄ infecting A549 cells with a concentration of 10 μmol·L⁻¹ and an exposure time of 48 h. Then the treated cells were divided into control group, model group, miR-21 interference group, and miR-21 interference control group. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the relative expression level of miR-21 gene. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression levels of TGF-β1/Smads pathway related proteins [Smad2, Smad3, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, Smad7, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)], myofibrosis cell marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), andextracellular matrix collagen-I (COL-I) and collagen-Ⅲ (COL-Ⅲ). Results The miRBase predicted that miR-21 had a binding site with Smad7, and the results of the dual luciferase reporter gene experiment showed that the target gene of miR-21 was Smad7. The construction of miR-21 interfered with A549 cell line was successful. Compared with the control group, the relative expression of miR-21 gene in the model group increased by 97.57%; the relative expression of Smad7 protein in the model group decreased by 15.48%; the relative protein expression of Smad2, Smad3, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, TGF-β1, α-SMA, COL-I, and COL-Ⅲ increased by 13.55%, 35.72%, 18.35%, 35.75%, 25.52%, 31.58%, 24.61%, and 11.66% respectively (P<0.05). Compared with the interference control group, the miR-21 gene expression level in the interference group decreased by 28.96%; the relative expression of Smad7 protein increased by 19.07%; the relative protein expression of Smad2, Smad3, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, TGF-β1, α-SMA, COL-I, and COL-Ⅲ decreased by 8.01%, 19.95%, 14.56%, 19.37%, 11.95%, 10.96%, 18.81%, and 31.36% repectively (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the gene abd protein expression levels of each gene between the model group and the interference control group (P>0.05). Conclusion In an in vitro model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by beryllium compounds, miR-21 may promote fibrosis by targeting Smad7 to regulate the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

The incidence and mortality of lung cancer rank first among all malignant tumors in China. With the popularization of high resolution computed tomography (CT) in clinic, chest CT has become an important means of clinical screening for early lung cancer and reducing the mortality of lung cancer. Imaging findings of early lung adenocarcinoma often show partial solid nodules with ground glass components. With the development of imaging, the relationship between the imaging features of some solid nodules and their prognosis has attracted more and more attention. At the same time, with the development of 3D-reconstruction technology, clinicians can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of such nodules.This article focuses on the traditional imaging analysis of partial solid nodules and the imaging analysis based on 3D reconstruction, and systematically expounds the advantages and disadvantages of both.
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Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/pathology* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: At present, the research progress of targeted therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene mutations in lung adenocarcinoma is very rapid, which brings new hope for the treatment of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. However, the specific imaging and pathological features of EGFR and ALK gene mutations in adenocarcinoma are still controversial. This study will further explore the correlation between EGFR, ALK gene mutations and imaging and pathological features in invasive lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: A total of 525 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery in our center from January 2018 to December 2019 were included. According to the results of postoperative gene detection, the patients were divided into EGFR gene mutation group, ALK gene mutation group and wild group, and the EGFR gene mutation group was divided into exon 19 and exon 21 subtypes. The pathological features of the mutation group and wild group, such as histological subtype, lymph node metastasis, visceral pleural invasion (VPI) and imaging features such as tumor diameter, consolidation tumor ratio (CTR), lobulation sign, spiculation sign, pleural retraction sign, air bronchus sign and vacuole sign were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to explore whether the gene mutation group had specific manifestations. RESULTS: EGFR gene mutation group was common in women (OR=2.041, P=0.001), with more pleural traction sign (OR=1.506, P=0.042), and had little correlation with lymph node metastasis and VPI (P>0.05). Among them, exon 21 subtype was more common in older (OR=1.022, P=0.036), women (OR=2.010, P=0.007), and was associated with larger tumor diameter (OR=1.360, P=0.039) and pleural traction sign (OR=1.754, P=0.029). Exon 19 subtype was common in women (OR=2.230, P=0.009), with a high proportion of solid components (OR=1.589, P=0.047) and more lobulation sign (OR=2.762, P=0.026). ALK gene mutations were likely to occur in younger patients (OR=2.950, P=0.045), with somking history (OR=1.070, P=0.002), and there were more micropapillary components (OR=4.184, P=0.019) and VPI (OR=2.986, P=0.034) in pathology. CONCLUSIONS The EGFR and ALK genes mutated adenocarcinomas have specific imaging and clinicopathological features, and the mutations in exon 19 or exon 21 subtype have different imaging features, which is of great significance in guiding the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; Aged ; Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase/genetics* ; ErbB Receptors/genetics* ; Female ; Genes, erbB-1 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Mutation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Background Studies have shown that stress during pregnancy can affect the growth and development of fetuses and offspring, and this effect has sex differences, but the results are controversial, and there are few studies on the emotional damage of offspring of different sexes caused by stress during pregnancy. Objective This experiment is designed to observe the effect of chronic stress during pregnancy on emotional damage of offspring of different sexes. Methods Thirty-two SD female rats were randomly divided into a model group and a control group (16 rats in each group), 24 male rats were divided into a model mating group (n=16) and a control mating group (n=8). Each rat of the model group was reared in a single cage and received chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 28 d, including hot water swimming for 5 min, cold water swimming for 5 min, tail pinching for 2 min, crowding for 24 h, moist bedding for 24 h, cage shaking for 30 min, and space restriction for 2 h. One stressor was administered daily and the same stressor did not repeat within 7 d. Blood was collected from the endocanthal vein of the two groups of female rats 1 d before and 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d after stress, the plasma was separated by centrifugation, and ¹³¹I radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma corticosterone concentration. On postnatal day 21 (PND21), 16 offspring rats (half male and half male) were randomly selected from each group, their plasma corticosterone concentration was measured on PND28 and PND42, and their emotional damage was measured on PND42. Results The plasma corticosterone levels of dams in the model group on the 14th, 21th, and 28th days of stress [(394.02±97.40), (444.12±90.43), and (463.71±107.75) μg·L⁻¹] were higher than those in the control group [(285.63±81.64), (341.78±48.39), and (320.42±84.76) μg·L⁻¹] (all P< 0.05). On PND28 and PND42, the plasma corticosterone levels in the female model offspring group [(543.30±90.21) and (530.76±83.10) μg·L⁻¹] were higher than those in the female control offspring group [(397.77±64.27) and (325.78±61.03) μg·L⁻¹] (both P<0.05). In the sugar water preference test, the total fluid consumption [(10.74±1.28) mL], sugar water consumption [(5.50±1.30) mL], and 1% sucrose preference percentage [(20.36±3.41) %] in the female model offspring group were lower than those in the female control offspring group [(13.74±2.06) mL, (8.56±2.04) mL, and (62.11±8.05) %] (all P<0.05). In the open field test, the horizontal score, vertical score, and cleaning times of the male model offspring group were lower than those of the male control offspring group (all P<0.05). In the tail suspension test, the immobility time of the female and male model offspring groups [(126.95±39.88) and (70.24±28.98) s] was longer than the control offspring groups of the same sex [(54.30±24.99) and (38.63±18.91) s] (both P<0.05), and the duration of immobility time in the female model offspring group was longer (t=3.253, P=0.006). In the forced swimming test, the immobility time of the female model offspring group [(7.97±6.66) s] was longer than that of the female control offspring group [(1.85±2.12) s] (t=2.478, P=0.037). On PND42, the plasma corticosterone level of female offspring was negatively correlated with total fluid consumption, sugar water consumption, and 1% sucrose preference percentage (r=−0.621, r=−0.728, r=−0.699; P<0.05), and positively correlated with immobility time in the tail suspension test and immobility time in the forced swimming test (r=0.571, r=0.712; P<0.05), However, there was no correlation between plasma corticosterone and emotional indicators on PND42 in male offspring (P>0.05). Conclusion Chronic stress during pregnancy causes emotional damage to the offspring, and female offspring show depression-like behaviors.