On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing, this paper systematically elaborates the development of geriatric nursing as a core discipline in addressing the challenges of aging, from its inception and systematization to innovative development, and analyzes its challenges and prospects. Against the backdrop of China's large aging population and accelerating aging trend, geriatric nursing aims to meet the multi-level health needs of older adults. It has gradually expanded from early focus on disease-centered care to holistic health maintenance, functional promotion, and quality of life improvement for older adults, with the discipline's scope and depth continuously evolving. The discipline development can be divided into three stages: the foundation stage, defined by the initiation of national policies and the establishment of educational systems and teaching materials; the system-building stage, characterized by clearer disciplinary positioning, refined curriculum system, diversified clinical practices, and a robust talent development mechanism; and the innovative development stage, when, driven by policies, technology, and interdisciplinary collaboration, high quality and diversification are emerging. However, geriatric nursing still faces challenges such as insufficient coordination in top-level design, an incomplete theoretical framework, an imbalance between supply and demand for services, and uneven distribution of educational resources. In the future, through policy system optimization, smart health and wellness technology, multidisciplinary integration, education system reform, and deepening scientific research and international cooperation, a modern geriatric nursing discipline system with Chinese characteristics will be established to support healthy aging and the healthy China strategy.

Objective:To explore the application effect of BOPPPS (Bridge-in, Objectives, Pre-assessment, Participatory learning, Post-assessment, and Summary) combined with scenario simulation in cultivating the humanistic care ability of undergraduate nursing interns.Methods:Undergraduate nursing students who were interning at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected by convenience sampling. The 46 interns from June to December 2023 were set as the control group, and the 46 interns from June to December 2024 were set as the experimental group. The control group adopted the traditional lecture-based teaching method, while the experimental group adopted BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation. Theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention, the theoretical and practical scores, as well as humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability scores of the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation plays a positive role in improving theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of undergraduate nursing interns, and it is worthy of further promotion and application.

Objective:To explore the application effect of BOPPPS (Bridge-in, Objectives, Pre-assessment, Participatory learning, Post-assessment, and Summary) combined with scenario simulation in cultivating the humanistic care ability of undergraduate nursing interns.Methods:Undergraduate nursing students who were interning at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected by convenience sampling. The 46 interns from June to December 2023 were set as the control group, and the 46 interns from June to December 2024 were set as the experimental group. The control group adopted the traditional lecture-based teaching method, while the experimental group adopted BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation. Theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention, the theoretical and practical scores, as well as humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability scores of the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation plays a positive role in improving theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of undergraduate nursing interns, and it is worthy of further promotion and application.

Treatment based on meridian differentiation is a characteristic method in clinical acupuncture diagnosis and treatment. Accurately defining and explaining its main content and core concepts is essential for effective clinical guidance. This paper reviews the historical and contemporary understanding, concepts, and primary content of treatment based on meridian differentiation. It proposes a four-step process for clinical application: meridian examination, treatment based on meridian differentiation, acupoint selection, and appropriate treatment methods, with TCM syndrome differentiation applied throughout. Constructing a diagnostic and treatment system which is based on meridian differentiation and suited to clinical acupuncture is significant for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and maximizing the benefits of acupuncture in disease treatment.
Humans ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Acupuncture Points ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To explore the clinical value of complement 1q(C1q),mannose-binding lectin(MBL)and complement 5a(C5a)in the early diagnosis and disease monitoring of diabetic kidney disease(DKD),as well as their relationship with renal tubular injury.Methods A total of 232 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the Endocrinology Department of Kailuan General Hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were selected in this study.Patients were divided into the simple diabetes mellitus(SDM)group(n=50)and the DKD group(n=182)based on urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR).The DKD group was further divided into the low-risk diabetic nephropathy(LDKD)group(n=90),the moderate-risk diabetic nephropathy(MDKD)group(n=55)and the high-risk diabetic nephropathy(HDKD)group(n=37)according to the risk of chronic kidney disease progression.Forty healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations in our hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy control group(NC group).The DKD group was divided into the Q1-Q4 groups based on the quartile levels of NAG/Ucr according to the severity of renal tubular injury from mild to severe.General biochemical indicators,as well as the levels of C1q,MBL and C5a in each group were detected.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between C1q,MBL,C5a and glomerular and tubular injury indexes.Multivariate ordinal Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of the progression risk of DKD and the degree of renal tubular injury.Results The levels of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,triglycerides(TG),serum creatinine(Scr),uric acid(UA),UACR,NAG/Ucr,C1q,MBL and C5a were higher in the DKD group than those in the SDM group and the NC group.The levels of TC,LDL-C,ApoB and HbA1c were higher than those in the NC group,while the level of HDL-C was lower than that in the NC group.The levels of TC,LDL-C,HbA1c and NAG/Ucr were higher in the SDM group than those in the NC group,while the level of HDL-C was lower than that in the NC group(P＜0.05).Among different progression risk groups of DKD,the levels of C1q were higher in the HDKD group than those in the SDM group and the LDKD group.The levels of MBL and C5a were higher in the MDKD group than those in the SDM group and the LDKD group,and the level of MBL was higher in the LDKD group than that in the SDM group(P＜0.05).After grouping according to the quartile levels of NAG/Ucr,the levels of TC,ApoB,HbA1c,Scr,UACR,C1q and C5a were significantly higher in the Q4 group than those in the Q1 group.The levels of TC,ApoB,Scr,UACR,C1q and C5a were significantly higher than those in the Q2 group,and the levels of UACR and C5a were significantly higher than those in the Q3 group.The levels of HbA1c,Scr,UACR,C1q and C5a were significantly higher in the Q3 group than those in the Q1 group.The level of UACR was higher in the Q2 group than that in the Q1 group(all P＜0.05).The Spearman correlation analysis showed that C1q,MBL and C5a were positively correlated with UACR and NAG/Ucr,and negatively correlated with eGFR(all P＜0.05).The ordinal Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated levels of MBL,C5a,NAG/Ucr,Scr and systolic blood pressure were independent influencing factors of progression risk in DKD patients.Elevated levels of C5a,HbA1c and UACR were independent influencing factors of renal tubular injury in DKD patients.Conclusion C1q and C5a can be used to monitor middle and late DKD and tubular injury,and C5a is an independent risk factor for DKD progression and tubular injury.MBL can be used to screen for early DKD and is also an independent risk factor for its progression.

Objective To explore the clinical value of complement 1q(C1q),mannose-binding lectin(MBL)and complement 5a(C5a)in the early diagnosis and disease monitoring of diabetic kidney disease(DKD),as well as their relationship with renal tubular injury.Methods A total of 232 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the Endocrinology Department of Kailuan General Hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were selected in this study.Patients were divided into the simple diabetes mellitus(SDM)group(n=50)and the DKD group(n=182)based on urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR).The DKD group was further divided into the low-risk diabetic nephropathy(LDKD)group(n=90),the moderate-risk diabetic nephropathy(MDKD)group(n=55)and the high-risk diabetic nephropathy(HDKD)group(n=37)according to the risk of chronic kidney disease progression.Forty healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations in our hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy control group(NC group).The DKD group was divided into the Q1-Q4 groups based on the quartile levels of NAG/Ucr according to the severity of renal tubular injury from mild to severe.General biochemical indicators,as well as the levels of C1q,MBL and C5a in each group were detected.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between C1q,MBL,C5a and glomerular and tubular injury indexes.Multivariate ordinal Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of the progression risk of DKD and the degree of renal tubular injury.Results The levels of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,triglycerides(TG),serum creatinine(Scr),uric acid(UA),UACR,NAG/Ucr,C1q,MBL and C5a were higher in the DKD group than those in the SDM group and the NC group.The levels of TC,LDL-C,ApoB and HbA1c were higher than those in the NC group,while the level of HDL-C was lower than that in the NC group.The levels of TC,LDL-C,HbA1c and NAG/Ucr were higher in the SDM group than those in the NC group,while the level of HDL-C was lower than that in the NC group(P＜0.05).Among different progression risk groups of DKD,the levels of C1q were higher in the HDKD group than those in the SDM group and the LDKD group.The levels of MBL and C5a were higher in the MDKD group than those in the SDM group and the LDKD group,and the level of MBL was higher in the LDKD group than that in the SDM group(P＜0.05).After grouping according to the quartile levels of NAG/Ucr,the levels of TC,ApoB,HbA1c,Scr,UACR,C1q and C5a were significantly higher in the Q4 group than those in the Q1 group.The levels of TC,ApoB,Scr,UACR,C1q and C5a were significantly higher than those in the Q2 group,and the levels of UACR and C5a were significantly higher than those in the Q3 group.The levels of HbA1c,Scr,UACR,C1q and C5a were significantly higher in the Q3 group than those in the Q1 group.The level of UACR was higher in the Q2 group than that in the Q1 group(all P＜0.05).The Spearman correlation analysis showed that C1q,MBL and C5a were positively correlated with UACR and NAG/Ucr,and negatively correlated with eGFR(all P＜0.05).The ordinal Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated levels of MBL,C5a,NAG/Ucr,Scr and systolic blood pressure were independent influencing factors of progression risk in DKD patients.Elevated levels of C5a,HbA1c and UACR were independent influencing factors of renal tubular injury in DKD patients.Conclusion C1q and C5a can be used to monitor middle and late DKD and tubular injury,and C5a is an independent risk factor for DKD progression and tubular injury.MBL can be used to screen for early DKD and is also an independent risk factor for its progression.

On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing, this paper systematically elaborates the development of geriatric nursing as a core discipline in addressing the challenges of aging, from its inception and systematization to innovative development, and analyzes its challenges and prospects. Against the backdrop of China's large aging population and accelerating aging trend, geriatric nursing aims to meet the multi-level health needs of older adults. It has gradually expanded from early focus on disease-centered care to holistic health maintenance, functional promotion, and quality of life improvement for older adults, with the discipline's scope and depth continuously evolving. The discipline development can be divided into three stages: the foundation stage, defined by the initiation of national policies and the establishment of educational systems and teaching materials; the system-building stage, characterized by clearer disciplinary positioning, refined curriculum system, diversified clinical practices, and a robust talent development mechanism; and the innovative development stage, when, driven by policies, technology, and interdisciplinary collaboration, high quality and diversification are emerging. However, geriatric nursing still faces challenges such as insufficient coordination in top-level design, an incomplete theoretical framework, an imbalance between supply and demand for services, and uneven distribution of educational resources. In the future, through policy system optimization, smart health and wellness technology, multidisciplinary integration, education system reform, and deepening scientific research and international cooperation, a modern geriatric nursing discipline system with Chinese characteristics will be established to support healthy aging and the healthy China strategy.

Objective:To investigate the association between gestational blood pressure and neurodevelopment in 2-year-old children.Methods:Based on the"Wuhan Healthy Baby Birth Cohort", 3 754 mother-infant pairs were enrolled in this study. Based on multiple blood pressure measurements during pregnancy, the mean, cumulative, and variability of blood pressure throughout the entire pregnancy and each trimester were calculated. Blood pressure variability was evaluated using standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variability (CV), and variability independent of mean (VIM). Follow-up testing of neurodevelopment in infants and young children at the age of two was conducted to obtain the Mental Development Index (MDI) and the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI). The multivariate linear regression and generalized estimation equation were used to analyze the association between gestational blood pressure data and neurodevelopmental index.Results:The age of 3 754 pregnant women was (29.1±3.6) years, with a pre-pregnancy BMI of (20.9±2.7) kg/m2 and a gestational age of (39.3±1.2) weeks. The birth weight of 3 754 children was (3 330.9±397.7) grams, and the birth length was (50.3±1.6) centimeters. The results of the multivariate linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for relevant confounding factors, the mean blood pressure, cumulative blood pressure, standard deviation of blood pressure, coefficient of variation of blood pressure, independent blood pressure variability of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure throughout pregnancy were negatively associated with the MDI and PDI scores of 2-year-old children. The analysis results of the generalized estimation equation showed that after adjusting for relevant confounding factors, the average systolic blood pressure in the first, second, and third trimesters was negatively associated with MDI/PDI. The negative association between cumulative blood pressure and MDI/PDI was only found in the first trimester. The negative association between blood pressure variation during pregnancy and MDI/PDI was mainly concentrated in the second and third trimesters.Conclusion:There is a negative association between gestational blood pressure and the neurodevelopmental index of 2-year-old children.

Objective:To investigate the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and to clarify the susceptible windows of exposure. Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 2 071 infertile women aged ≤40 years who underwent the first fresh cleavage stage embryo transfer in the Department of Reproductive Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2014 to December 2021. Patients were divided into heating season group and non-heating season group based on whether the start date of gonadotropin (Gn) was during the heating season or not, and baseline data and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Daily average levels of six criteria air pollutants [fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM 10), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O 3) max-8 h] in four discrete periods were obtained. The four discrete periods included period 1, 75 d prior to Gn start to Gn start; period 2, Gn start to oocyte retrieval; period 3, oocyte retrieval to day 3 embryo transfer; period 4, embryo transfer to serum human chorionic gonadotropin test. The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy. A multiple logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between air pollutant exposure and pregnancy outcomes, adjusted for important confounders. Results:The biochemical pregnancy rate [51.7% (465/900)], the clinical pregnancy rate [45.2% (407/900)], the ongoing pregnancy rate [38.2% (344/900)], and the live birth rate [36.1% (325/900)] in the heating season group were significantly lower than those in the non-heating season group [56.3% (659/1 171), P=0.037; 51.2% (599/1 171), P=0.007; 44.3% (519/1 171), P=0.005; 41.3% (484/1 171), P=0.016]. A significant negative correlation was observed between SO 2 and NO 2 exposure and ongoing pregnancy in all four time windows. SO 2 increased by one interquartile range (IQR), corresponding to adjusted OR (a OR) and 95% CI were 0.92 (0.85-0.99), 0.92 (0.87-0.99), 0.93 (0.87-0.99) and 0.93 (0.87-0.99), respectively. An IQR increase in NO 2 was also significantly associated with decreased odds of ongoing pregnancy (a OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.72-0.95; a OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.97; a OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.81-1.00; a OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.77-0.95, respectively). During period 1 and period 4, we observed adverse effects of PM 10 exposure on ongoing pregnancy (a OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98; a OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-1.00, respectively). In Period 1, PM 2.5 exposure was significantly associated with reduced odds for ongoing pregnancy with a OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99. In addition, NO 2 exposure was associated with a decreased likelihood of achieving clinical pregnancy across all exposure windows except for period 3. However, no associations were noted with CO and O 3. Conclusion:Ambient air pollution has detrimental effects on pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing fresh embryo transfer. Notably, the adverse impacts were also observed during preantral-antral follicle transition stage before IVF/ICSI treatment. A significant negative association between NO 2 exposure and pregnancy outcomes was observed in almost all exposure windows, indicating that NO 2 may be the main air pollutant associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and to clarify the susceptible windows of exposure. Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 2 071 infertile women aged ≤40 years who underwent the first fresh cleavage stage embryo transfer in the Department of Reproductive Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2014 to December 2021. Patients were divided into heating season group and non-heating season group based on whether the start date of gonadotropin (Gn) was during the heating season or not, and baseline data and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Daily average levels of six criteria air pollutants [fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM 10), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O 3) max-8 h] in four discrete periods were obtained. The four discrete periods included period 1, 75 d prior to Gn start to Gn start; period 2, Gn start to oocyte retrieval; period 3, oocyte retrieval to day 3 embryo transfer; period 4, embryo transfer to serum human chorionic gonadotropin test. The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy. A multiple logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between air pollutant exposure and pregnancy outcomes, adjusted for important confounders. Results:The biochemical pregnancy rate [51.7% (465/900)], the clinical pregnancy rate [45.2% (407/900)], the ongoing pregnancy rate [38.2% (344/900)], and the live birth rate [36.1% (325/900)] in the heating season group were significantly lower than those in the non-heating season group [56.3% (659/1 171), P=0.037; 51.2% (599/1 171), P=0.007; 44.3% (519/1 171), P=0.005; 41.3% (484/1 171), P=0.016]. A significant negative correlation was observed between SO 2 and NO 2 exposure and ongoing pregnancy in all four time windows. SO 2 increased by one interquartile range (IQR), corresponding to adjusted OR (a OR) and 95% CI were 0.92 (0.85-0.99), 0.92 (0.87-0.99), 0.93 (0.87-0.99) and 0.93 (0.87-0.99), respectively. An IQR increase in NO 2 was also significantly associated with decreased odds of ongoing pregnancy (a OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.72-0.95; a OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.97; a OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.81-1.00; a OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.77-0.95, respectively). During period 1 and period 4, we observed adverse effects of PM 10 exposure on ongoing pregnancy (a OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98; a OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-1.00, respectively). In Period 1, PM 2.5 exposure was significantly associated with reduced odds for ongoing pregnancy with a OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99. In addition, NO 2 exposure was associated with a decreased likelihood of achieving clinical pregnancy across all exposure windows except for period 3. However, no associations were noted with CO and O 3. Conclusion:Ambient air pollution has detrimental effects on pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing fresh embryo transfer. Notably, the adverse impacts were also observed during preantral-antral follicle transition stage before IVF/ICSI treatment. A significant negative association between NO 2 exposure and pregnancy outcomes was observed in almost all exposure windows, indicating that NO 2 may be the main air pollutant associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.