Schizophrenia (SZ) stands as a severe psychiatric disorder. This study applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in conjunction with graph neural networks to distinguish SZ patients from normal controls (NCs) and showcases the superior performance of a graph neural network integrating combined fractional anisotropy and fiber number brain network features, achieving an accuracy of 73.79% in distinguishing SZ patients from NCs. Beyond mere discrimination, our study delved deeper into the advantages of utilizing white matter brain network features for identifying SZ patients through interpretable model analysis and gene expression analysis. These analyses uncovered intricate interrelationships between brain imaging markers and genetic biomarkers, providing novel insights into the neuropathological basis of SZ. In summary, our findings underscore the potential of graph neural networks applied to multimodal DTI data for enhancing SZ detection through an integrated analysis of neuroimaging and genetic features.
Humans ; Schizophrenia/pathology* ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism* ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; White Matter/pathology* ; Gene Expression ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging* ; Graph Neural Networks

Purpose/Significance To construct a named entity corpus of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)ancient records,and to improve the recognition accuracy and applicability of the general domain named entity recognition(NER)model in the field of TCM ancient records.Method/Process Annotation standards for entities in TCM ancient records are formulated,and 2 384 Xin'an medical records are annotated.A RoBERTa-BiLSTM-CRF model is developed,and word vectors with semantic features are generated using the RoBERTa pre-trained language model.The BiLSTM-CRF model is used to learn the global semantic features of sequences and decode and output the optimal label sequence.Dictionary and rule features are incorporated to enhance the model's capability to recognize entity boundaries and categories.Result/Conclusion The model shows a good recognition effect on the named entity corpus of Xin'an medical cases.Integration of domain terminology dictionaries and rule-based features improves the overall Fl score to 72.8％.

Objective To assess causal associations between specific gut microbiota and different types of cancer by using the two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis method.Methods On the basis of summary statistics of gut microbiota from a genome-wide association study(GWAS)conducted in German population(n=8956),single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)that were significantly associated with 430 gut microbiota features were extracted as instrumental variables(Ⅳs).Summary statistics from the GWAS of 17 types of cancer were used as outcomes.Two-sample MR analysis was used to explore the causal relationship between gut microbiota and pan-cancer,where the analysis results were dominated by inverse variance weighting.Meanwhile,sensitivity analyse of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy test were done to keep the stability of results.Results The genetic susceptibility of 17 gut microbiota features was causally associated with the occurrence and development of 11 different types of cancer,respectively.Conclusion By exploring the causal relationship between different gut microbiota features and pan-cancer,this study has found a potential causal relationship between specific gut microbiota features and cancer,and these gut microbiota may become new biomarkers to provide new ideas for cancer prevention,early screening,and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the changing characteristics and stages of balloon pressures in treatment of trigeminal neuralgia by percutaneous balloon compression (PBC), and explore the relations of balloon pressures at different stages with postoperative facial numbness and pain recurrence.Methods:A prospective analysis was performed. Thirty-two patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia, admitted to our hospital from May 2019 to May 2020, were chosen. During surgery, a manometer was connected with computer manometry software to continuously monitor the balloon pressure changes; pear-shaped stage and maintenance stage were named during the balloon pressure changes. The facial numbness occurrence and pain recurrence were assessed by Barrow Institute of Neurology (BNI) facial numbness and pain intensity scales. Robust evaluation method referred to American Institute for Clinical and Laboratory Standardization (CLSI) C28-A2 document was used to determine the reference ranges of balloon pressures at the pear-shaped stage, maintenance stage and whole-process stage (pear-shaped stage+maintenance stage). Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlations of balloon pressures at the pear-shaped stage, maintenance stage and whole-process stage with facial numbness 24 h and 12 months after surgery, and pain recurrence 6 and 12 months after surgery.Results:Among the 32 patients, pain relief was found in 31 patients and lateral numbness was found in 30 patients 24 h after surgery. Pain recurred 12 months after surgery in 2 patients. The reference ranges of pressure at pear-shaped stage, maintenance stage and whole-process stage were (157.2-128.5) kPa, (136.10-117.9) kPa and (141.9-119.9) kPa, respectively. The pressures at pear-shaped stage, maintenance stage and whole process stage were positively correlated with facial numbness 24 h and 12 months after surgery ( P<0.05); there were negative correlations between pressures at pear-shaped stage and whole-process stage and pain recurrence 6 months after surgery ( P<0.05); pressures at pear-shaped stage, maintenance stage and whole-process stage were negatively correlated with pain recurrence 12 months after surgery ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The lower the balloon pressure during PBC, the more likely it would have pain recurrence after surgery; and the higher the pressure, the more likely it would have facial numbness after surgery; the efficacy of PBC can be maximized when the balloon pressures maintains at adequate ranges ([157.2-128.5] kPa at the pear-shaped stage, [136.1-117.9] kPa at the maintenance stage and [141.9-119.9] kPa at the whole-process stage).

Objective:To investigate the effect of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on serum cytokines and neurotransmitters in epilepsy patients with depression.Methods:From March 2015 to 2018, 13 patients with epilepsy combined with depression undergoing VNS surgery in Brain Hospital of Hunan Province were selected as the research objects. The surgical efficacy, depression degree, serum cytokines and neurotransmitter changes before operation, 6 months and 12 months after operation were compared.Results:The effective rate of epilepsy treatment at 6 and 12 months after VNS were 61.5%(8/13) and 76.9%(10/13), respectively. After 6 months and 12 months, Hamiton Depression scale (HAMD) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores were significantly lower than those before operation ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). At 6 months after operation, serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) level was significantly higher than that before operation, while serum interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α) were significantly lower than those before operation ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). At 12 months after operation, 5-HT and dopamine (DA) were significantly increased, while IL-1 α, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF -α were significantly decreased ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions:VNS may can improve epilepsy and depression by regulating the level of neurotransmitter and serum cytokines.

Objective:To investigate the effects of pre-B lymphocytic leukemia transcription factor (PBX1) expression on the apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and transcriptional activation factor 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway of lung cancer cells.Methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression level of PBX1 in lung cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. The correlation between PBX1 expression level and clinical pathological parameters of patients were analyzed. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression level of PBX1 in human lung cancer cell lines, including A549, SPC-A1, SK-MES-1 and H1299. A549 cells were transfected with blank control (blank group), negative control (NC group) or PBX1 small interfering RNA (siRNA group), respectively. The cells apoptosis and ROS content were detected by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of PBX1, STAT3, phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) and survivin in each group were detected by western blot.Results:The expression level of PBX1 mRNA in lung cancer was (2.36±0.23), significantly higher than (1.02±0.15) in paracancerous tissues ( P<0.05). The expression level of PBX1 was correlated with lung cancer differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage ( P<0.05). The expression levels of PBX1 in human lung cancer cells A549, SPC-A1, SK-MES-1 and H1299 were (0.454±0.038), (0.403±0.034), (0.311±0.028) and (0.377±0.035), respectively, significantly higher than (0.041±0.007) of human normal lung cells MRC-5 ( P<0.05). The expression level of PBX1 protein in A549 cells transfected with PBX1 siRNA was (0.082±0.010), significantly lower than (0.704±0.065) of the blank group ( P<0.05). The apoptosis rate and ROS content of siPBX1 group were (30.78±3.64)% and (51.55±5.03), respectively, significantly higher than (3.92±0.27)% and (22.36±1.31) of blank group ( P<0.05). The protein expressions of p-STAT3, Bcl-2 and survivin were (0.051±0.006), (0.202±0.018) and (0.068±0.008), respectively, significantly lower than (0.172±0.010), (0.425±0.041) and (0.196±0.021) of blank group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Inhibition of PBX1 expression can induce the apoptosis of lung cancer cell, the mechanism may be related to ROS production and down-regulation of STAT3 signal.

Objective:To investigate the effects of pre-B lymphocytic leukemia transcription factor (PBX1) expression on the apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and transcriptional activation factor 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway of lung cancer cells.Methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression level of PBX1 in lung cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. The correlation between PBX1 expression level and clinical pathological parameters of patients were analyzed. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression level of PBX1 in human lung cancer cell lines, including A549, SPC-A1, SK-MES-1 and H1299. A549 cells were transfected with blank control (blank group), negative control (NC group) or PBX1 small interfering RNA (siRNA group), respectively. The cells apoptosis and ROS content were detected by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of PBX1, STAT3, phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) and survivin in each group were detected by western blot.Results:The expression level of PBX1 mRNA in lung cancer was (2.36±0.23), significantly higher than (1.02±0.15) in paracancerous tissues ( P<0.05). The expression level of PBX1 was correlated with lung cancer differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage ( P<0.05). The expression levels of PBX1 in human lung cancer cells A549, SPC-A1, SK-MES-1 and H1299 were (0.454±0.038), (0.403±0.034), (0.311±0.028) and (0.377±0.035), respectively, significantly higher than (0.041±0.007) of human normal lung cells MRC-5 ( P<0.05). The expression level of PBX1 protein in A549 cells transfected with PBX1 siRNA was (0.082±0.010), significantly lower than (0.704±0.065) of the blank group ( P<0.05). The apoptosis rate and ROS content of siPBX1 group were (30.78±3.64)% and (51.55±5.03), respectively, significantly higher than (3.92±0.27)% and (22.36±1.31) of blank group ( P<0.05). The protein expressions of p-STAT3, Bcl-2 and survivin were (0.051±0.006), (0.202±0.018) and (0.068±0.008), respectively, significantly lower than (0.172±0.010), (0.425±0.041) and (0.196±0.021) of blank group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Inhibition of PBX1 expression can induce the apoptosis of lung cancer cell, the mechanism may be related to ROS production and down-regulation of STAT3 signal.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in gastric cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods A total of 278 advanced gastric cancer patients who underwent NAC and R0 gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy between January 2012 and March 2017 at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University were analyzed retrospectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to reduce the confounding bias between the groups (PNI＜45, 157 patients; PNI≥45, 121 patients). Multivariate analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors of the pCR rate in gastric cancer patients who underwent NAC. Results PNI (OR:3.026;95％ CI:1.261, 7.260;P = 0.013), differentiation (OR:0.470;95％ CI:0.270, 0.819;P = 0.008), and tumor location (OR:0.341;95％ CI:0.164, 0.708;P = 0.004) were the independent risk factors associated with the pCR rate of the gastric cancer patients who underwent NAC. After PSM, PNI (OR:2.728;95％ CI:1.130, 6.587;P = 0.026) was the independent risk factor associated with the rate of pCR after NAC. Conclusion Gastric cancer patients who underwent NAC with low PNI are less likely to get pCR than those with normal PNI.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer using propensity score matching method.

METHODSClinical data of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer undergoing open D2 radical gastrectomy between January 2012 and December 2014 at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University were analyzed retrospectively. Sixty-five patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were allocated into the NAC group and 1243 patients receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) were allocated into the AC group.

INCLUSION CRITERIA(1) age ranged from 18 to 75 years old, and biopsy specimen was confirmed as adenocarcinoma; (2) all the operative procedures were open D2 radical gastrectomy;(3)image examinations showed no distant metastasis or other unresectable factors.

EXCLUSION CRITERIAno open D2 radical gastrectomy, undergoing laparoscopic surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy course <2 cycles, without adjuvant chemotherapy, history of other malignancies, severe complications, incomplete data. SOX (tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil plus oxaliplatin) or XELOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) was used as neoadjuvant and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimen. One-to-two propensity score matching was performed to balance the covariance between two groups. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Differences between the curves were tested using log-rank test.

RESULTSAfter balancing the covariates including gender, age, tumor location, degree of differentiation, clinical stage, chemotherapy regimen, chemotherapy course and surgical approach, 195 patients were enrolled, including 65 patients of the NAC group and 130 patients of the AC group. The number of harvested lymph nodes in NAC and AC group was 22.3±4.6 and 22.6±5.1 respectively, without statistically significant difference(t=1.125, P=0.263). Pathological response assessment for NAC group showed TRG0 in 6 cases, TRG1 in 8 cases, TRG2 in 17 cases, TRG3 in 34 cases; sensitive (TRG 0 to 2) in 31 cases (47.7%), non-sensitive in 34 cases (52.3%). The 3-year progression-free survival rate of NAC and AC group was 73.6%(95%CI: 62.8-84.3) and 69.9%(95%CI:62.1-77.7) respectively, which was not significantly different(P=0.361). The 3-year overall survival rate of NAC and AC group was 80.0%(95%CI:70.2-89.8) and 74.6%(95%CI:67.2-82.0) respectively, which was not significantly different as well(P=0.387). Subgroup analysis revealed that the 3-year progression-free survival rate and 3-year overall survival rate of sensitive patients in NAC group were 83.3%(95%CI:70.0-96.6) and 87.1%(95%CI:75.3-98.9) respectively, which were significantly higher than 62.4%(95%CI:46.1-78.7, P=0.037) and 70.2%(95%CI:54.7-85.7, P=0.033) of non-sensitive patients in NAC group, and those in AC group(P=0.044 and P=0.040).

CONCLUSIONSEffects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer are similar. Patients who are sensitive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy have better prognosis. It may be beneficial to improve prognosis that some appropriate patients with locally advanced gastric cancer are screened for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective To analyze the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria recovered from bronchial secretions by bronchofiberscope in bronchiectasis patients complicated with infection for improving antibacterial therapy. Methods A total of 97 bronchiectasis patients complicated with infection treated in Liyuan Hospital during the period from June 2013 to December 2015 were included in this analysis. The pathogens were recovered from bronchial secretions by bronchofiberscope and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disc method. The data were analyzed with WHONET 5.5 software. Results Pathogenic organisms were isolated from 53 (54.6%) of the 97 patients, including 49 (92.4%) strains of gram negative bacilli, mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 (5.7%) strains of?gram?positive?cocci,?specifically?2?strains?of?S. aureus and 1 strain of S. pneumoniae, and 1 (1.9%) strain of Candida albicans. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that most P. aeruginosa isolates (>71.8%) were susceptible to tobramycin, amikacin,cefepime, and aztreonam, but 100% resistant to levofloxacin. More A. baumannii isolates were susceptible to tobramycin and amikacin (both 85.7%), followed by imipenem (>42.9%). More than half (>50%) of the K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to cefotaxime, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin.Conclusions Gram negative bacilli are dominant in the pathogenic organisms recovered from bronchial secretions in bronchiectasis patients complicated with infection. Most of the pathogens are relatively susceptible to tobramycin and amikacin, but resistant to ciprofloxacin?and?levofloxacin.