ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanisms by which Renshentang treats atherosclerosis （AS） in mice， focusing on the regulation of endothelial inflammatory responses mediated by transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 （TRPV1）. MethodsAn AS model was established in apolipoprotein E knockout （ApoE^-/-） mice fed a high-fat diet. The mice were randomly divided into a simvastatin group （0.02 g·kg^-1·d^-1） and low-， medium-， and high-dose Renshentang groups （1.77， 3.54， 7.08 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 12 mice in each group. ApoE^-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated simultaneously. C57BL/6J mice fed a normal diet served as the normal group （n=9）. After continuous administration for 12 weeks， mice were anesthetized and the aortas were collected. Oil Red O staining was used to observe lipid plaque formation in the aorta. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to examine pathological changes in the aortic root. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the levels of pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， as well as the expression of TRPV1， phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase （p-PI3K）， and phosphorylated protein kinase B （p-Akt） in the aortic root. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） mRNA expression in the aorta， and Western blot was used to detect TRPV1 protein expression. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant increase in aortic plaque formation （P<0.01） and significantly elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the aortic root （P<0.01）. The expression levels of TRPV1， p-PI3K， and p-Akt were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and eNOS mRNA expression was reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， all Renshentang groups significantly reduced aortic plaque formation （P<0.01）， significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-1β levels （P<0.01）， and markedly increased the expression levels of TRPV1， p-PI3K， p-Akt， and eNOS mRNA （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionRenshentang may inhibit endothelial inflammation and suppress the formation of AS by increasing TRPV1 protein expression and up-regulating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway， which may be one of the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effect against AS.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Renshentang on atherosclerosis （AS） in mice based on the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid1 （TRPV1） in regulating cholesterol metabolism in foam cells. MethodsNine SPF-grade 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were set as a normal group， and 60 ApoE^-/- mice were randomized into model， positive drug （simvastatin， 0.02 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （1.77， 3.54， 7.08 g·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively） Renshentang groups （n=12） according to body weight. The normal group was fed with a normal diet， and the other groups were fed with a high-fat diet and given corresponding drugs by oral gavage for the modeling of AS. The mice were administrated with corresponding drugs once a day for 12 weeks. After the last administration and fasting for 12 h， the aorta was collected. Plaque conditions， pathological changes， levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglcerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C）， and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol （HDL-C）， and the expression of TRPV1， liver X receptor （LXR）， inducible degrader of the low-density lipoprotein receptor （IDOL）， and low-density lipoprotein receptor （LDLR） in the aortic tissue were observed and detected by gross oil red O staining， HE staining， Western blot， immunohistochemistry， and real-time PCR. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group presented obvious plaque deposition in the aorta， raised levels of TC， TG， and LDL-C in the serum （P<0.01）， up-regulated expression level of LDLR in the aorta （P<0.01）， lowered level of HDL-C in the serum， and down-regulated expression levels of TRPV1， LXR， and IDOL in the aorta （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the positive drug and Renshentang at different doses alleviated AS， elevated the levels of HDL-C， TRPV1， LXR， and IDOL （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while lowering the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， and LDLR （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionRenshentang has a lipid-lowering effect on AS mice. It can effectively reduce lipid deposition， lipid levels， and plaque area of AS mice by activating TRPV1 expression and regulating the LXR/IDOL/LDLR pathway.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Renshentang on atherosclerosis （AS） in mice based on the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid1 （TRPV1） in regulating cholesterol metabolism in foam cells. MethodsNine SPF-grade 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were set as a normal group， and 60 ApoE^-/- mice were randomized into model， positive drug （simvastatin， 0.02 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （1.77， 3.54， 7.08 g·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively） Renshentang groups （n=12） according to body weight. The normal group was fed with a normal diet， and the other groups were fed with a high-fat diet and given corresponding drugs by oral gavage for the modeling of AS. The mice were administrated with corresponding drugs once a day for 12 weeks. After the last administration and fasting for 12 h， the aorta was collected. Plaque conditions， pathological changes， levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglcerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C）， and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol （HDL-C）， and the expression of TRPV1， liver X receptor （LXR）， inducible degrader of the low-density lipoprotein receptor （IDOL）， and low-density lipoprotein receptor （LDLR） in the aortic tissue were observed and detected by gross oil red O staining， HE staining， Western blot， immunohistochemistry， and real-time PCR. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group presented obvious plaque deposition in the aorta， raised levels of TC， TG， and LDL-C in the serum （P<0.01）， up-regulated expression level of LDLR in the aorta （P<0.01）， lowered level of HDL-C in the serum， and down-regulated expression levels of TRPV1， LXR， and IDOL in the aorta （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the positive drug and Renshentang at different doses alleviated AS， elevated the levels of HDL-C， TRPV1， LXR， and IDOL （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while lowering the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， and LDLR （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionRenshentang has a lipid-lowering effect on AS mice. It can effectively reduce lipid deposition， lipid levels， and plaque area of AS mice by activating TRPV1 expression and regulating the LXR/IDOL/LDLR pathway.

ObjectiveTo find out whether there is any difference in the monitoring results of mosq-ovitraps placed in different orientations in multi-storey residential areas, so as to provide a scientific basis for routine and emergency monitoring of Aedes albopictus with mosq-ovitraps in residential areas. MethodsFrom July 6th to October 26th 2023, one mosquito ovitrap was set up in each of the 4 orientations of east, south, west and north around the buildings in a multi-storey residential area in Jinhui Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai. Data was collected and recorded 72 hours after placement. The chi-square test was used to compare the mosquito ovitrap indices (MOIs) of two independent samples, and the Kruskal⁃Wallis H test was used to compare the MOIs of multiple independent samples. ResultsAfter 16 weeks of surveillance, 997 mosquito ovitraps were recovered, of which 211 were positive, with the mosquito ovitrap index (MOI) of 21.16% and the Aedes albopictus density index of 1.03 mosquitoes·ovitrap^-1. The MOIs were higher in September (24.22%) and October (23.96%), and the MOIs in the west, south and north within the two months were all above 20.00%. From July to October, the MOIs in the east, west, south and north were 20.70%, 22.20%, 25.50% and 16.20%, respectively, and the difference in MOIs among the 4 orientations was not statistically significant (χ²=6.647, P=0.084). Stratified analysis by month showed that in August, the south side of the multi-storey residential areas had the highest MOI (31.30%), the north side had the lowest MOI (1.30%), and there was a statistically significant difference in MOI in the east, west, south and north (χ²=25.986, P<0.001). In October, the MOI in the west was the highest (33.30%) and the MOI in the east was the lowest (6.30%), the difference in MOIs of the 4 orientations was statistically significant (χ²=12.007, P=0.007). The MOIs in the south side of the building in the outskirts of the residential area from the 1st week in July to the 4th week in October was lower (19.20%) than that in the south side of the inner building (31.70%), and the difference in MOI was statistically significant (χ²=5.118, P=0.024). ConclusionThe study of MOI in different orientations in a multi-storey residential area is a preliminary exploration based on field work, and the results show that there is a difference in MOIs in different orientations during the peak breeding period of mosquitoes. Further indicators such as temperature, humidity and wind speed in different orientations can be collected to explore the influencing factors of MOIs.

Objective:To identify the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods:In this case-control study, 6 differentially expressed genes were screened through gene expression database analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C (COX7C), ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex III subunit VII (UQCRQ), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2 (COX7A2), translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 7, ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S5, and ribosomal protein L31. Elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at Anhui No. 2 Provincial People′s Hospital from April 2022 to April 2024 were recruited. Based on the results of the Mini-Mental State Examination, the patients were divided into POCD group ( n=51) and non-POCD (NPOCD) group ( n=53). The expression of differentially expressed genes in the peripheral blood was detected using the fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The 6 differentially expressed genes were subjected to a difference test, and genes with P<0.05 were included in the binary logistic regression analysis to screen for risk factors for POCD. Results:The expression of COX7C, UQCRQ and COX7A2 was significantly down-regulated in POCD group compared with non-POCD group ( P<0.05). The results of logistic regression showed that the low-expression COX7C ( OR=1.926, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.604-5.264, P=0.022), UQCRQ ( OR=3.023, 95% CI 1.966-7.156, P=0.001), and COX7A2 ( OR=1.744, 95% CI 1.479-6.127, P=0.013) in peripheral blood were independent risk factors for the occurrence of POCD in elderly patients. Conclusions:Low-expression COX7C, UQCRQ and COX7A2 are risk factors for POCD in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.

Objective:To compare the consistency of microarray chemiluminescent protein chip and immunoblotting in the autoantibody spectrum of patients and the diagnostic efficacy of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), and to explore the correlation between the detection results of protein microarray and clinical indicators and lymphocyte subsets.Methods:Serum autoantibodies in 649 samples collected between December 2023 and December 2024 in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were analyzed using the microarray chemiluminescent protein chip method, with 401 samples simultaneously tested by immunoblotting. Kappa coefficient assessed inter-method consistency. Diagnostic performance was compared via ROC curves. Spearman correlation analysis evaluated relationships between autoantibody levels and SLEDAI-2000 scores, clinical parameters, and lymphocyte subsets.Results:The two methods demonstrated good consistency across 14 antinuclear antibodies, with optimal agreement for anti-SSA/Ro ( Kappa=0.845, P<0.001), anti-SSB ( Kappa=0.825, P<0.001), and anti-CENP B ( Kappa=0.851, P<0.001). The protein chip method significantly improved SLE diagnostic efficacy, particularly for anti-dsDNA (AUC difference=0.291, P<0.001) and anti-Sm antibodies (AUC difference=0.295, P<0.001). Combined detection of anti-SSA/Ro and anti-nRNP/Sm antibodies achieved superior diagnostic performance (AUC=0.927). Anti-dsDNA, anti-histone, and anti-nucleosome antibodies positively correlated with SLEDAI-2000 ( r=0.408, 0410, 0.384, all P<0.001), complement ( P<0.001), and 24-hour urinary protein ( r=0.374, 0.387, 0.301, all P<0.001). Immunological analysis showed that the proportion of NK cells was generally negatively correlated with antinuclear antibodies such as anti-dsDNA ( r=-0.352, P<0.001) and anti-Sm ( r=-0.328, P<0.001) antibodies. Meanwhile, the proportion of CD8 + T cells was positively correlated with anti-nRNP/Sm ( r=0.229, P=0.002) and anti-Sm antibodies ( r=0.211, P=0.005). The proportion of CD4 + T cells was negatively correlated with anti-SSA/Ro ( r=-0.239, P<0.001), while the proportion of B cells was positively correlated with anti-dSDNA antibody ( r=0.300, P<0.001). Conclusion:The protein chip method showed strong consistency with immunoblotting for detecting 14 autoantibodies but demonstrated superior SLE diagnostic efficacy. The combined use of multiple detection methods can enhance the reliability of clinical diagnosis.

Objective:To identify the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods:In this case-control study, 6 differentially expressed genes were screened through gene expression database analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C (COX7C), ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex III subunit VII (UQCRQ), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2 (COX7A2), translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 7, ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S5, and ribosomal protein L31. Elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at Anhui No. 2 Provincial People′s Hospital from April 2022 to April 2024 were recruited. Based on the results of the Mini-Mental State Examination, the patients were divided into POCD group ( n=51) and non-POCD (NPOCD) group ( n=53). The expression of differentially expressed genes in the peripheral blood was detected using the fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The 6 differentially expressed genes were subjected to a difference test, and genes with P<0.05 were included in the binary logistic regression analysis to screen for risk factors for POCD. Results:The expression of COX7C, UQCRQ and COX7A2 was significantly down-regulated in POCD group compared with non-POCD group ( P<0.05). The results of logistic regression showed that the low-expression COX7C ( OR=1.926, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.604-5.264, P=0.022), UQCRQ ( OR=3.023, 95% CI 1.966-7.156, P=0.001), and COX7A2 ( OR=1.744, 95% CI 1.479-6.127, P=0.013) in peripheral blood were independent risk factors for the occurrence of POCD in elderly patients. Conclusions:Low-expression COX7C, UQCRQ and COX7A2 are risk factors for POCD in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.

Objective:To compare the consistency of microarray chemiluminescent protein chip and immunoblotting in the autoantibody spectrum of patients and the diagnostic efficacy of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), and to explore the correlation between the detection results of protein microarray and clinical indicators and lymphocyte subsets.Methods:Serum autoantibodies in 649 samples collected between December 2023 and December 2024 in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were analyzed using the microarray chemiluminescent protein chip method, with 401 samples simultaneously tested by immunoblotting. Kappa coefficient assessed inter-method consistency. Diagnostic performance was compared via ROC curves. Spearman correlation analysis evaluated relationships between autoantibody levels and SLEDAI-2000 scores, clinical parameters, and lymphocyte subsets.Results:The two methods demonstrated good consistency across 14 antinuclear antibodies, with optimal agreement for anti-SSA/Ro ( Kappa=0.845, P<0.001), anti-SSB ( Kappa=0.825, P<0.001), and anti-CENP B ( Kappa=0.851, P<0.001). The protein chip method significantly improved SLE diagnostic efficacy, particularly for anti-dsDNA (AUC difference=0.291, P<0.001) and anti-Sm antibodies (AUC difference=0.295, P<0.001). Combined detection of anti-SSA/Ro and anti-nRNP/Sm antibodies achieved superior diagnostic performance (AUC=0.927). Anti-dsDNA, anti-histone, and anti-nucleosome antibodies positively correlated with SLEDAI-2000 ( r=0.408, 0410, 0.384, all P<0.001), complement ( P<0.001), and 24-hour urinary protein ( r=0.374, 0.387, 0.301, all P<0.001). Immunological analysis showed that the proportion of NK cells was generally negatively correlated with antinuclear antibodies such as anti-dsDNA ( r=-0.352, P<0.001) and anti-Sm ( r=-0.328, P<0.001) antibodies. Meanwhile, the proportion of CD8 + T cells was positively correlated with anti-nRNP/Sm ( r=0.229, P=0.002) and anti-Sm antibodies ( r=0.211, P=0.005). The proportion of CD4 + T cells was negatively correlated with anti-SSA/Ro ( r=-0.239, P<0.001), while the proportion of B cells was positively correlated with anti-dSDNA antibody ( r=0.300, P<0.001). Conclusion:The protein chip method showed strong consistency with immunoblotting for detecting 14 autoantibodies but demonstrated superior SLE diagnostic efficacy. The combined use of multiple detection methods can enhance the reliability of clinical diagnosis.

Objective To explore the applicability and optimal cut-off of the revised Cubbin & Jackson scale in the diagnosis of pressure injury in ICU patients in China.Methods From April 2021 to October 2022,6 203 ICU patients from 35 tertiary hospitals in Gansu Province were included in the study by convenience sampling method.The standardized trained ICU nurses examined the skin and collected relevant data,determined whether or not there was pressure injury and its stage,and simultaneously used the revised Cubbin & Jackson scale for pressure injury risk assessment.The software was used to statistically analyze the area under the receive operating characteristic curve(AUC),Yoden index,sensitivity,specificity and other indexes of the revised Cubbin & Jackson scale in the diagnosis of pressure injury in ICU patients.Results A total of 79 cases of pressure injury occurred during hospitalization in 6 203 ICU patients,with an incidence of 1.27％.Hierarchical analysis showed that the AUC of the revised Cubbin & Jackson scale in the prediction and diagnosis of pressure injury ranged from 0.74 to 0.92 in ICU patients with different sex,age,length of ICU stay,whether or not mechanically ventilated,and whether or not surgical.The Yoden index,sensitivity and specificity were 0.40-0.74,77.27％-94.44％and 62.44％-82.63％,respectively.When the total score was ≤28 points,the revised Cubbin & Jackson scale obtained the highest AUC(0.86),and the Yoden index,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,and negative likelihood ratio were 0.60,92.41％,67.26％,3.50％,99.86％,2.82 and 0.11,respectively.Conclusion The revised Cubbin & Jackson scale can be used as a suitable tool to effectively predict and diagnose pressure injury in ICU patients in China,and the optimal cut-off of ≤28 points is appropriate.

Objective To develop"a guideline for pressure injury risk assessment and prevention of neonates in NICU",and to provide guidance and references for clinical staff in the implementation of pressure injury assessment and prevention for neonates in NICU.Methods Based on the World Health 0rganization Guideline Development Manual and the results of systematic search for identified clinical problems,the GRADE method was used to evaluate the evidence and grade the recommendations,and the RIGHT report specifications were referred to for writing,and the guideline was developed and revised according to the results and recommendations of the expert review,so as to form the official guideline.Results The guideline included 2 aspects of pressure injury risk assessment and prevention,resulting in 12 clinical questions and 19 recommendations.Conclusion The guideline for risk assessment and prevention of pressure injury of neonates in NICU is an evidence-based guideline based on the best available evidence,clinical practice,and professional judgment,and it can provide a practical basis for scientific decision-making by clinical staff and managers.