Tuberculosis is still the second leading cause of death from a single source of infection in the world.There is a two-way relationship between tuberculosis and the nutritional status of the body,which affects and causes each other.Vitamin D is an essential micronutrient,most research results show that vitamin D deficiency is common in tuberculosis patients,which is related to lack of sunlight,decreased dietary intake of vitamin D and anti-tuberculosis drug treatment.Low level vitamin D can increase tuberculosis susceptibility to some extent,but the research results are not completely consistent.This paper reviews the nutritional status of vitamin D in tuberculosis patients in recent years,the causes of vitamin D deficiency in tuberculosis patients and the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and susceptibility of tuberculosis,so as to provide references for further study on the role of vitamin D in tuberculosis prevention and treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of T2-fluid attenuated inversion recovery(T2-FLAIR)sequence on the appearance of ivy sign in patients with moyamoya disease under different imaging conditions.Methods Coronal T2-FLAIR scans were performed in 51 consecutive adult patients with moyamoya disease who had not undergone surgery and had their first visit to this hospital between March and July of 2024.According to the scanning conditions,the patients were divided into 19 and 14 of the echo train length in two groups,and 103,144,and 195 ms of the time of echo(TE)in three groups,respectively.The left and right cerebral hemispheres and whole brains were scored according to the cerebral vascular anatomy,and scores of the ivy sign of left and right cerebral hemispheres and whole brain were compared.Results There was no statistical significance in the ivy sign scores of right and left cerebral hemispheres and whole brain between the two groups with 19 and 14 of the echo train length(P＞0.05).Comparison of ivy sign scores in right and left cerebral hemispheres and whole brain was statistically significant among the three groups of TE at 144,103 and 195 ms(P＜0.05).Conclusion The best appearance of ivy sign in patients with moyamoya disease is seen under the condition of TE at 195 ms,so appropriately extending the TE time is helpful for ivy sign display.

Objective To introduce and translate the fear of falling avoidance behaviour questionnaire(FFABQ)into a Chinese version and test its reliability and validity.Methods The Brislin translation model was employed to translate and back-translate the original FFABQ.The back-translated FFABQ was modified based on expert consultations and a pre-survey,followed by cultural adaptation evaluation.To assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version FFABQ(FFABQ-CHN),a convenient sampling method was used to select a total of 269 elderly patients from a general hospital in Xi'an to participate the survey.The item analysis,content validity,exploratory factor analysis,Cronbach α coefficient,split-half reliability,test-retest reliability and paired t-test were employed in the evaluation of the reliability and validity of FFABQ-CHN.Results The Chinese version FFABQ comprised 3 dimensions of walking,daily activities and work/leisure activities,with 14 items in total.A total of 254 patients had responded to the survey.Item analysis revealed that CR values of the 14 items ranged from 3.978 to 11.755(all P<0.05),with correlation coefficients between each item and the total score of the questionnaire from 0.473 to 0.930(all P<0.001).The content validity index at the item level ranged from 0.834 to 1.000,while the content validity index at the scale level was 0.968.Exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 85.347%.The Cronbach α coefficient,half-half reliability and test-retest reliability of the questionnaire were 0.929,0.877,and 0.954,respectively.Paired t-test indicated no significant difference between the scores(all P>0.05).Conclusions The Chinese version FFABQ demonstrates strong a reliability and validity in the assessment of activity restriction related to fear of falling in the elderly.Thus,it serves as an effective tool for medical practitioners in evaluation of the restrictions in fear-of-falling-related activities of the elderly.

Objective To explore the impact of sex on the efficacy of first-line programmed death-1(PD-1)blockade plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and its potential biological mechanisms.Methods The clinical and pathological characteristics and follow-up data of 163 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma without driver gene alterations at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated to Tongji University from October 2018 to October 2023 were retrospectively collected.Among them,103 patients received first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy(51 males and 52 females)and 60 patients received first-line standard platinum-based doublet chemotherapy(39 males and 21 females).Patients were divided into male group and female group.Clinical characteristics,efficacy,progression-free survival(PFS),and overall survival(OS)were compared between the two groups.Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curves of male and female patients,and log-rank test was used for significance evaluation.Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the factors influencing PFS and OS.Multiplex immunofluorescence(mIF)assays were used to analyze the differences of protein expression levels of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),CD8,CD68,CD4,and FOXP3 between male and female groups in baseline tumor sample.Results In patients receiving first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy,the median PFS in female group and male group was 13.0 months and 6.8 months,respectively(HR=0.39,95% CI 0.25-0.62;P＜0.01).The median OS in female group and male group was 46.2 months and 17.3 months,respectively(HR=0.30,95% CI 0.18-0.50;P＜0.01).In patients receiving first-line chemotherapy,the median PFS in female group and male group was 5.7 months and 5.5 months,respectively(P＞0.05);the median OS in female group and male group was 21.7 months and 17.7 months,respectively(P＞0.05).The results of the Cox proportional hazards model showed that sex was an independent factor influencing PFS and OS in patients receiving first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy(P＜0.05).The results of mIF showed that pretreatment tumor samples of female patients had a significantly higher expression level of CD8 than male patients(P＜0.05),while the expression level of PD-L1,CD68,CD4 and FOXP3 was similar between female and male groups.Conclusions Compared to male patients,female patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma benefit more from the first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy.The increased expression level of CD8 in pretreatment tumor samples of female patients would be the potential mechanism.

Objective:To define the definition and connotation of nursing shame by using Walker-Avant classical conceptual analysis.Methods:Literature was systematically searched from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, ScienceDirect and CINAHL, and articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on Walker-Avant classical conceptual analysis, the concept of nursing shame was analyzed from the aspects of defining attribute, antecedent factors and post factors.Results:The three defining attributes of nursing shame included negative self-evaluation, avoidance and withdrawal and self-breakthrough. Antecedent factors included non-compliance with self-expectations and clinical bullying. Post-effects included physical and mental impairment and departure of nurses, increased patient burden and hindered expression. However, nursing shame could also be positive by cultivating shame resilience and become a psychological motivation for nurses to reflect and adjust themselves.Conclusions:The conceptual attribute of nursing shame is clarified through conceptual analysis, which lays a theoretical foundation for the future development or localization of targeted measurement tools to effectively identify and deal with nursing shame.

Objective To investigate the dynamics of NK cells and Treg cells,as well as their potential prognostic significance in relation to TKI discontinuation among patients diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).Methods In this study,a total of 200 patients diagnosed with CML were randomly selected and divided into two groups:the discontinuation group(n=100)and the non-discontinuation group(n=100).Within the discontinuation group,patients were further categorized into a recurrence subgroup(n=41)and a non-recurrence subgroup(n=59).Clinical data and follow-up information of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the impact of various variables on patient outcomes following drug discontinuation,as well as to explore independent factors influencing recurrence in these individuals.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was employed to assess the predictive value of NK cells and Treg cells for TKI discontinuation outcomes.A significance level of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The proportion of patients treated with interferon in the discontinuation group was significantly higher than that in the non-discontinuation group(P<0.05).Moreover,the former group exhibited a significantly higher number of NK cells(P<0.05)and Treg cells(P<0.01)compared to the latter group.Compared to the recurrence group,there was a significant increase in the proportion of patients using interferon in the non-recurrence group(P<0.05),along with longer durations of TKI treatment and deep molecular response(DMR)duration(P<0.05).The number of NK cells and Treg cells in the non-recurrence group was significantly higher than that in the recurrence group(P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis found that the use of interferon(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.11～2.03,P<0.001),duration of DMR(OR=1.16,95%CI:1.08～1.92,P<0.05),NK cells(OR=1.64,95%CI:1.14～2.28,P<0.01),and Treg cells(OR=1.83,95%CI:1.15～2.42,P<0.01)were all influencing factors for the recurrence of patients after drug discontinuation.The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of NK cells combined with Treg cells for predicting the recurrence of TKI after discontinuation was 0.892(95%CI:0.857～0.927,P<0.001).Conclusion The frequencies of NK cells and Treg cells were significantly elevated in patients who remained recurrence-free following TKI discontinuation,highlighting the potential predictive value of combined NK cell and Treg cell analysis for drug cessation in CML patients.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2022, so as to provide insights into improving STDs prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data of syphilis, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum, genital herpes and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections reported in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2022 were collected from the Infectious Disease Surveillance System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The temporal, spatial and population distribution of STDs were analyzed, and the trends in incidence of STDs were evaluated using annual percent change (APC). Results: A total of 386 770 STDs cases were reported in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2022, with mean annual reported incidence of 127.80/105. The mean annual reported incidence from high to low was syphilis (44.11/105), genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections (40.20/105), gonorrhea (24.92/105), condyloma acuminatum (13.32/105), and genital herpes (5.34/105). The incidence of STDs appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2018 to 2022 (APC=-9.332%, P<0.05), with an average annual growth rate of -9.41%. Syphilis (APC=-11.536%, P<0.05), condyloma acuminatum (APC=-7.509%, P<0.05), and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections (APC=-9.009%, P<0.05) showed a appeared a tendency towards a decline. The top three highest reported incidence were reported in Hangzhou City (185.98/105), Taizhou City (133.85/105) and Lishui City (122.73/105), respectively. The mean annual reported incidence of females was higher than that of males (140.60/105 vs. 117.83/105; P<0.05). Most STDs cases were at ages of 20 to 49 years (265 314 cases, 68.60%). Farmers (118 096 cases, 30.53%), household and unemployed personnel (85 924 cases, 22.22%) were the predominant occupation. Conclusions The incidence of STDs appeared a tendency towards a decline in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2022, with regional differences in incidence. People at ages of 20 to 49 years, farmers, household and unemployed personnel are high-risk populations for STDs.

Objective:To explore the core syndrome type and Chinese herbal medicine combination in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) remission phase based on the real and effective clinical data of the outpatient information system of the hospital.Methods:Medical records of patients with UC in remission who received Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) oral intervention from August 1, 2018 to October 31, 2021 in Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected. Medcase V3.2 data record mining system was used, and the enhanced FPGrowth algorithm was used to build a strengthened association rule data mining model. Xminer Operation Tool was used for mining and logical analysis, and Medcase Chart was used for deconstruction analysis and graphical representation of quantitative trend data. Based on the statistical analysis results, the core syndrome types, pathogenesis evolution rules, and core TCM compatibility law in remission stage of UC were explored.Results:A total of 302 patients were collected. Diarrhea, bloody stool, mucus stool, fatigue, light tongue, fine pulse, paroxysmal abdominal pain, and colonoscopy found intestinal polyps were the core symptoms in UC remission phase. Spleen Qi Deficiency Syndrome, Spleen Deficiency and Dampness Syndrome, Spleen Deficiency and Toxin Accumulation Syndrome were the core syndrome type. In Spleen Qi Deficiency Syndrome, the core drug combinationed Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Aucklandiae Radix, Amomi Fructus, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and Paeoniae Radix Alba. In Spleen Deficiency and Dampness Syndrome, the core drug combinationed Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Aucklandiae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Amomi Fructus, and Saposhnikoviae Radix. In Spleen Deficiency and Toxin Accumulation Syndrome, the core drug combinationed Codonopsis Radix, Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Mume Fructus, Sophorae Flos, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Saposhnikoviae Radix.Conclusion:Spleen deficiency was the core syndrome type in UC remission phase. The Chinese herbal medicine treatment options included replenishing qi supplemented with harmonizing the stomach, promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding, removing dampness, clearing heat, and relieving depression.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy between 3D printing-assisted percutaneous balloon dilatation calcaneal plasty (3D-PCP) and conventional open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) via the extended lateral L-shaped approach in the treatment of osteoporotic calcaneal fractures of Sanders type Ⅱ or Ⅲ in the elderly patients.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed were the data of 36 elderly patients with osteoporotic calcaneal fracture of Sanders type Ⅱ or Ⅲ who had been surgically treated at Department of Orthopaedics, Yixing People's Hospital from June 2012 to June 2018. According to their treatment methods, the patients were divided into a 3D-PCP group [16 cases, 9 males and 7 females with an age of (73.0 ± 3.4) years] and an ORIF group [20 cases, 8 females and 12 females with an age of (71.4 ± 2.6) years]. The 2 groups were compared in terms of hospital stay, operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, suture removal time, weight bearing time, fracture healing time, visual analogue scale (VAS) for the surgical site 2 days and one year after surgery, American Foot and Ankle Surgery Association (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, calcaneal imaging parameters (B?hler angle, Gissane angle, and length, width and height of the calcaneus axis) at 2 days and one year after surgery, and postoperative complications.Results:There was no significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P > 0.05). All patients were followed up for 14 to 18 months (mean, 15.6 months). Compared with the ORIF group, the 3D-PCP group had significantly shorter hospital stay, significantly shorter operation time, significantly earlier suture removal, significantly earlier weight-bearing, significantly lower VAS scores at 2 days after surgery, significantly higher AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores at one month after surgery, but significantly more times of intraoperative fluoroscopy (all P < 0.05). In all patients, the VAS scores at 2 days after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery, and those at one year after surgery significantly lower than those at 2 days after surgery ( P < 0.05). In all patients, the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores at one month after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery ( P < 0.001). In the ORIF group, the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores at one year after surgery were significantly higher than those at one month after surgery ( P < 0.05), but in the 3D-PCP group there was no such a significant difference between one year and one month after surgery ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS score, AOFAS score, fracture healing time or postoperative imaging parameters between the 2 groups at one year after surgery ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference either in the incidence of complications between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of osteoporotic calcaneal fractures of Sanders type Ⅱ or Ⅲ in the elderly patients, compared with conventional ORIF, 3D-PCP shows advantages of shorter operation time, minimal invasion, quicker incision healing, shorter hospital stay, earlier weight-bearing exercise, and better functional recovery but a disadvantage of increased times of intraoperative fluoroscopy.

Objective:To explore the association between long-term low-dose radiation exposure and other influencing factors with the risk of lens opacity on medical radiation workers.Methods:In July 2019, a retrospective cohort study was conducted by collecting the basic demographic information, dose data and health inspection result of 2708 radiologists in 22 hospitals of Guangzhou from the Occupational Health Inspection Information System and the Personal Dose Monitoring System of the Guangdong Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease between 2010 to 2018. The association between the average annual effective dose and lens opacity risk was calculated by using Time-Dependent Cox Regression Model.Results:From 2010 to 2018, the incidence density of lens opacity was 185.90/10000 person years. Compared with the radiation workers in the age <30 years group (93.74%) , the 5-year normal rate of lens in the age ≥50 years group (72.51%) was lower ( P<0.01) ; Compared with the radiation workers in the exposure age <10 years group (92.69%) , the 5-year normal rate of lens in more than 20 years exposed group (83.05%) was lower ( P<0.01) . Multifactor analysis showed that age was an independent influencing factor for lens opacity in medical radiation workers ( HR=14.485, P<0.01) . The risk of lens opacification increased by 4.9%, 10.1% and 15.5% in 30-, 40- and 50-years group, respectively. Gender, cigarette, alchol, type of work, length of service and annual effective dose had no significant effect on lens opacity ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:Age is the main influencing factor of lens opacification in medical radiation workers, their radiation working time and intensity should be strictly controlled and radiation protection should be done.