Objective To analyze the relationship between small dense low-density lipoprotein(sd-LDL)and lipoprotein(a)and carotid plaque stability in patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods A total of 160 elderly ACI patients admitted in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2024 were retrospectively recruited.All of them received cervical color Doppler ultra-sound examination,and according to carotid plaque status,they were divided into non-plaque group(43 cases),stable plaque group(56 cases)and unstable plaque group(61 cases).Another 40 healthy individuals taking physical examination in our hospital during the same period served as control group.The clinical data and sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels were compared among the 4 groups to evaluate the predictive value of sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels for unstable plaques.Results When compared with the non-plaque group,the NIHSS score and LDL-C level were significantly in-creased in the stable and unstable plaque groups,and the TC level was obviously elevated while that of HDL-C was notably reduced in the unstable plaque group,and the NIHSS score and TC,TG and LDL-C levels were remarkably declined while that of HDL-C elevated in the control group(P＜0.05).The NIHSS score and LDL-C,sdLDL and Lp(a)levels were elevated while that of HDL-C was lowered in the unstable plaque group than the stable plaque group(P＜0.05),and the Lp(a)level in the control group was obviously decreased than that of the stable plaque group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels were positively cor-related with NIHSS score and TC,TG and LDL-C(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and negatively with HDL-C(P＜0.01).Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that NIHSS score and LDL-C,sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels were risk factors,and HDL-C was a protective factor for unstable carotid plaque in ACI patients(P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC value of sd-LDL,Lp(a)and their combination in predicting carotid plaque stability was 0.830,0.847 and 0.921,respectively,and the sensitivity of combined detection was higher than that of sd-LDL or Lp(a)alone(93.44％vs 88.52％and 86.89％,P=0.000).Conclusion Plasma sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels have a certain association with carotid plaque stability in ACI patients,and they can be used as relevant reference indicators in clinical practice.

Objective To analyze the relationship between small dense low-density lipoprotein(sd-LDL)and lipoprotein(a)and carotid plaque stability in patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods A total of 160 elderly ACI patients admitted in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2024 were retrospectively recruited.All of them received cervical color Doppler ultra-sound examination,and according to carotid plaque status,they were divided into non-plaque group(43 cases),stable plaque group(56 cases)and unstable plaque group(61 cases).Another 40 healthy individuals taking physical examination in our hospital during the same period served as control group.The clinical data and sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels were compared among the 4 groups to evaluate the predictive value of sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels for unstable plaques.Results When compared with the non-plaque group,the NIHSS score and LDL-C level were significantly in-creased in the stable and unstable plaque groups,and the TC level was obviously elevated while that of HDL-C was notably reduced in the unstable plaque group,and the NIHSS score and TC,TG and LDL-C levels were remarkably declined while that of HDL-C elevated in the control group(P＜0.05).The NIHSS score and LDL-C,sdLDL and Lp(a)levels were elevated while that of HDL-C was lowered in the unstable plaque group than the stable plaque group(P＜0.05),and the Lp(a)level in the control group was obviously decreased than that of the stable plaque group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels were positively cor-related with NIHSS score and TC,TG and LDL-C(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and negatively with HDL-C(P＜0.01).Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that NIHSS score and LDL-C,sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels were risk factors,and HDL-C was a protective factor for unstable carotid plaque in ACI patients(P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC value of sd-LDL,Lp(a)and their combination in predicting carotid plaque stability was 0.830,0.847 and 0.921,respectively,and the sensitivity of combined detection was higher than that of sd-LDL or Lp(a)alone(93.44％vs 88.52％and 86.89％,P=0.000).Conclusion Plasma sd-LDL and Lp(a)levels have a certain association with carotid plaque stability in ACI patients,and they can be used as relevant reference indicators in clinical practice.