Objective The effect of lunar dust adhesion performance by fiber surface characteristics were investigated for the lunar dust adhesion mitigation of spacesuits.Methods In this research,an adhesion test method under ultraviolet ray radiation in vacuum was developed to measure the adhesion quantity of simulated lunar dust on fiber materials.Based on the microscopic image of the fiber sample after test,the influence of conductive and surface energy characteristics of the fiber materials on the lunar dust adhesion performance was studied.Results The simulated lunar dust were activated under ultraviolet ray radiation,which induced an increase of the adhesion quantity of simulated lunar dust on fiber materials;Lower surface energy or higher conductive characteristics of the fiber was both beneficial to reduce the adhesion quantity of simulated lunar dust.Conclusion The static electric forces were likely to be the major forces between the fiber and the lunar dust under ultraviolet ray radiation in vacuum.In addition to reducing surface energy,improving conductive characteristics of the fiber was more beneficial to reduce the adhesion quantity of simulated lunar dust.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate pharmacologically active components of Yiqi Zishen Formula (YZF) and their mechanisms for alleviating airway inflammation in mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry was employed to characterize the chemical components in YZF and YZF-medicated rat serum. A compound-disease target network was constructed based on serum components of YZF to screen the key pathways and targets using enrichment analysis. A mouse model of cigarette smoke-induced COPD was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of YZF and validate the expression of key proteins in network pharmacology-enriched pathways. Fifty male C57BL/6J mice were randomized equally into control group, COPD model group, high- and low-dose YZF treatment groups, and N-acetylcysteine treatment group. Pulmonary function of the mice was assessed using whole-body plethysmography, and lung histopathology, alveolar structure, and airway remodeling were analyzed using HE staining. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF‑α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined with ELISA, and pulmonary expressions of PI3K, Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), p65, and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) were detected using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We identified a total of 156 chemical components (including 26 flavonoids or flavonoid glycosides, 27 alkaloids, and 11 saponins) in YZF and 43 prototype components in medicated rat serum. Network pharmacology revealed 704 YZF-related targets and 1199 COPD-associated targets. Integrated analysis suggested that the anti-COPD effects of YZF were associated with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In mouse models of COPD, YZF treatment significantly increased mean alveolar number and peak expiratory flow (P<0.05), reduced mean linear intercept, bronchial wall thickness, lung coefficient, and BALF cytokine levels, and suppressed the expressions of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p65, and p-p65 in the lung tissues. CONCLUSIONS YZF alleviates COPD symptoms and airway inflammation in mice possibly by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF‑κB pathway through its multiple components that interact with multiple targets.
Animals ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Inflammation/drug therapy* ; Rats

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of endoscopic multi-band ligation (EMBL) in the management of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (RGERD) combined with esophageal hiatal hernia (HH).Methods:This study was a prospective, multicenter, small-sample cohort study. Patients who were diagnosed as having RGERD combined with HH at Inner Mongolia Medical University Cancer Hospital and Inner Mongolia Medical University Hospital from January 2020 to June 2022 were selected to undergo EMBL. The 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring and high-resolution manometry (HRM) related indicators, gastroesophageal reflux index (GERI), gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERD-Q) scores, and gastroesophageal reflux disease health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) scores were compared before and after the operation. The patient satisfaction and complications were also investigated.Results:A total of 25 patients were included, all of whom were successfully treated with EMBL. Reflux symptoms were relieved to varied degrees in all patients. There were no serious complications during or after the operation, such as perforation, bleeding, and dysphagia. Postoperative follow-up at 6 and 12 months showed a significant decrease in DeMeester scores [18.00 (5.83, 54.75) points, 16.30 (4.38, 60.00) points] compared to preoperative baseline [105.00 (60.80, 147.70) points, Z=-3.72, P<0.001; Z=-3.82, P<0.001]. The percentage of time of pH<4 [8.80 (6.10, 11.80)%, 8.95 (5.15, 10.90)%] significantly decreased compared to the baseline [31.15 (16.75, 54.75)%, Z=-3.72, P<0.001; Z=-3.72, P<0.001], the number of long refluxes [7.90 (4.93, 11.75) times, 6.90 (4.00, 10.75) times] significantly decreased compared to the baseline [33.00 (13.00, 43.00) times, Z=-3.82, P<0.001; Z=-3.58, P<0.001], and the number of acid refluxes (14.86±8.71 times, 12.93±5.51 times) significantly decreased compared to before (30.42±17.99 times, t=5.88, P<0.001; t=4.79, P<0.001). Lower esophageal sphincter resting pressure [9.70 (5.80, 19.58) mmHg, 11.70 (5.40, 19.78) mmHg] was significantly higher compared to before [4.70 (3.25, 7.00) mmHg, Z=-2.84, P<0.001; Z=-3.10, P<0.001]. GERD-Q scores (10.00±2.01 points, 9.43±1.74 points) were significantly higher compared to before (15.34±1.51 points, t=8.90, P<0.001; t=9.87, P<0.001), GERD-HRQL scores [7.00 (5.00, 7.75) points, 6.00 (5.75, 8.25) points] significantly decreased compared to preoperative baseline [13.50 (11.00, 21.25), Z=-3.73, P<0.001; Z=-3.72, P<0.001], and GERI (2.26%±1.58%, 2.07%±1.17%) significantly decreased compared to before (5.72%±2.27%, t=8.92, P<0.001; t=9.86, P<0.001). At 6 and 12 months postoperative follow-up, patient satisfaction [68.00% (15/25), 84.00% (21/25)] significantly increased compared to before [0.00% (0/25), Z=-4.63, P<0.001; Z=-6.48, P<0.001]. Conclusion:Preliminary small-sample study has shown that EMBL is safe, reliable and effective for the treatment of RGERD with HH.

Objective:To observe the effect of cognitive-motor dual-task training on patients with subacute stroke and to analyze the mechanism of improvement in brain functional connectivity by functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Method:Forty patients with subacute stroke were randomly divided into a control group(n=20)and an obser-vation group(n=20).All patients were given conventional comprehensive rehabilitation treatment.The control group was given walking and cognitive function training separately,while the observation group was given cog-nitive-motor dual-task training.The cognition,motor function and activities of daily living were evaluated by mini-mental state examination(MMSE),functional ambulation category scale(FAC)and modified Barthel in-dex(MBI)before and after 6 weeks of treatment.fNIRS was used to compare the functional activity of the primary motor cortex(M1),supplementary motor area(SMA),prefrontal cortex(PFC)and the functional connectivity of each brain region under task states.Result:A total of 37 patients were included in the final statistics,and there was no difference in baseline lev-el between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After intervention,the MMSE,FAC and MBI of the two groups were better than those before treatment,and the observation group was better than the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At the same time,fNIRS observation showed that after treatment,except the right M1 and right PFC,the functional intensity of M1,SMA and PFC in the two groups were higher than those before treatment.The functional intensity of SMA in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Af-ter treatment,the functional connection intensity of brain regions on the injured side in the two groups were higher than those before treatment,and the functional connection intensity between bilateral SMA,M1 and PFC,SMA and PFC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differenc-es were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with conventional motor and cognitive function training,cognitive-motor dual-task training can more significantly improve cognitive,motor function and independence in patients with subacute stroke.The mechanism may be related to the fact that dual-task training can effectively improve the brain func-tional intensity of the SMA area,the functional connection intensity between M1 and PFC as well as SMA and PFC.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of real-world adverse drug events(ADEs)of trabectedin based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database in order to provide references for clinical drug safety management.Methods A total of 1 349 trabectedin-related reports were extracted from the FAERS database from Q1 2007 to Q4 2024.Using the MedDRA coding classification system for system organ class(SOC)and preferred term(PT),signal detection was performed through 4 proportional imbalance methods,including reporting odds ratio(ROR)and proportional reporting ratio(PRR).Subgroup analyses by gender,age,and temporal trends were also conducted.Results Hematological and lymphatic system disorders and hepatobiliary system disorders were the primary SOCs involved.High-frequency PTs included neutropenia(123 cases)and anemia(117 cases).Eight potential ADEs that have not been listed in the drug product instruction were identified.The median onset time of ADEs was 21 d,showing an early failure pattern,with differences observed by gender(females more prone to hematological toxicity)and age(elderly more susceptible to febrile neutropenia).Conclusion Trabectedin requires close attention to hematological toxicity,hepatotoxicity,and newly identified multi-system potential risks.Clinically,monitoring should be strengthened based on time windows and population characteristics to optimize drug regimens.Countermeasure It is recommended to strengthen the full cycle monitoring of anti-tumor drugs,standardize the reporting of adverse reactions,and establish a multi-departmental collaborative research platform.

Objective:To study the effect of compliance with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program on the prognosis of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Methods:A total of 229 patients who underwent unilateral total knee arthroplasty in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2022 to March 2024, the clinical data of patients were retrospectively analysed. The cohort included 57 males and 172 females, aged 61-79 years, the average age was (68.6±5.2) years. All patients received perioperative ERAS interventions, and compliance with each ERAS item was recorded. Based on overall ERAS compliance, patients were divided into high-compliance group ( n=140, compliance >89.9%) and low-compliance group ( n=89, compliance ≤89.9%). The characteristics of the two groups were collected, including gender, age, body mass index, smoking, comorbidities, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, preoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score, surgical time and estimated blood loss. Clinical outcomes indicators including HSS scores and knee range of motion (ROM) at 1 and 3 months postoperatively, length of hospital stay, complications within 3 months, and readmission at 3 months. Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s) and compared using t-test. Count data were expressed as cases and percentages and analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher exact probability method. Results:There was no significant statistical difference in age( P=0.167), gender( P=0.500), body mass index ( P=0.322), smoking( P=0.185), hypertension( P=0.118), diabetes( P=0.550), coronary heart disease( P=0.633), arrhythmias( P=0.564), chronic lung disease( P=0.460), depression( P=0.295), preoperative HSS( P=0.492), preoperative VAS( P=0.644), surgical time ( P=0.459) and estimated blood loss( P=0.171) between the high-compliance group and the low-compliance group. The postoperative knee ROM (115.2±8.5)° of patients with high-compliance was significantly higher than that of patients with low-compliance group (101.8±10.1)°, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The length of hospital stay was (13.7±3.7) d in the low-compliance group, which was more than that in the high-compliance group [(9.8±2.5) d], and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.028). Conclusions:Patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty had a high overall compliance with the ERAS program. The prognosis of patients with higher compliance of ERAS is better, and ERAS compliance should be improved as much as possible in clinical work.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of dengue fever in Guangzhou based on circuit-qi theory.Methods Data on dengue fever cases in Guangzhou from January 21,2012,to January 19,2024 were collected.And then the incidence of dengue fever was analyzed under the circuit-qi conditions of dominant qi,guest qi,celestial qi,joining of guest qi with dominant qi,and dissimilation of circuit and qi.Results Higher incidence of dengue fever in Guangzhou was presented under the circuit-qi conditions of the fifth qi of the dominant qi in each year,shaoyang minister fire of the guest qi,shaoyin monarch fire of the celestial qi,guest qi restricting dominant qi in the joining of guest qi with dominant qi,shaoyang minister fire(guest qi)joining with yangming dry-metal(dominant qi)in the pattern of guest qi restricting dominant qi.The outbreak of dengue fever under the circuit-qi conditions of dissimilation of circuit and qi showed no statistically significant difference.Conclusion Over the 12-year period from 2012 to 2024,the prevalence of dengue fever in Guangzhou exhibited a 4-5-year cyclical pattern,often with consecutive outbreaks over two years.The prevalence of dengue fever in Guangzhou is associated with the factors of dampness and heat in the theory of five circuits and six qi,while has less relation with dissimilation of circuit and qi.

Objective:We conducted a quality analysis and a survey of current situation of portable blood glucose meters from hospitals and patient sources in Zhejiang Province..Methods:The study is a retrospective cross-sectional study that included 252 portable blood glucose meters, of which 35 portable blood glucose meters (4 in provincial hospitals, 29 in municipal hospitals, and 2 in county-level hospitals) selected for the "Zhejiang Province Portable Blood Glucose Meter Flight Quality Control Inspection" project in April 2023, 126 portable blood glucose meters collected for the "Zhejiang Hospital Portable Blood Glucose Meter Whole Hospital Comparison" project in January 2024, and 91 portable blood glucose meters collected from patients in the "Zhejiang Hospital Home Portable Blood Glucose Meter Convenience Service" project from 2021 to 2023. By comparing the blood glucose results with the reference analyzer, evaluate the qualification rate of portable blood glucose meters between hospitals and patients, imported and domestic brands, and analyze the distribution of blood glucose concentration intervals for unqualified portable blood glucose meters. Conduct a survey questionnaire on the use of portable blood glucose meters by patients to analyze their trust in the results, quality control execution rate, comparison awareness rate, and comparison execution rate.Results:The overall qualification rate of portable blood glucose meters in hospitals (95.7%) was higher than that of portable blood glucose meters use by patients (70.3%), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2=31.94 , P<0.001). Among the unqualified blood glucose meters, the unqualified blood glucose concentration is mainly concentrated in the high concentration range (65.9%). Among imported brands, the qualification rate of blood glucose meters from hospitals(99.3%) is higher than that from patients(74.0%), and the difference is statistically significant ( χ 2=36.97, P<0.001). Meanwhile, 75% of patients fully trust the detection results of the blood glucose meter, but its instrument qualification rate is 69%. The awareness rate of patients regarding the comparison of portable blood glucose meters is 73%, but the execution rate of quality control and standard comparison of portable blood glucose meters by patients is 0. Conclusion:The quality of portable blood glucose meters in Zhejiang Province is uneven, with the highest pass rate for portable blood glucose meters from hospitals. Patients have weak awareness of quality control and comparison of portable blood glucose meters.