[Objective] To analyze the infection status of hepatitis E virus (HEV) among blood donors in Zhengzhou, so as to provide data support for formulating local blood screening strategies. [Methods] Random samples from blood donors from January to December 2022 were tested for HEV RNA using PCR technology. Reactive samples were sequenced for gene analysis, and the donors were followed up. [Results] Among 21 311 samples, 3(0.14‰) were reactive for HEV RNA, all of whom were male. Genetic sequencing results revealed that one strong positive sample was genotype 4, while sequencing failed for the other two due to low viral load. A follow-up of 25 strong positive donors showed that ALT significantly increased on day 7 after donation, anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG turned positive. On day 21, ALT returned to normal, and on day 35, HEV RNA turned negative. Notably, anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG persisted until day 482. [Conclusion] There is HEV infection among blood donors in Zhengzhou, and it is necessary to expand the screening scope to comprehensively explore the prevalence and genotype distribution of HEV among blood donors.

Objective To analyze the changes and clinical significance of aqueous humor stromal cell-de-rived factor-1(SDF-1),macrophage chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)and soluble adhesion molecule CD44(sCD44)in patients with diabetic cataract(DC).Methods A total of 80 patients with DC admitted to the hos-pital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the DC group,and 40 patients with simple cataract during the same period were selected as the age-related cataract group.According to the stage of cataract,DC patients were divided into group A(incipient stage,32 cases),group B(intumescent stage,26 cases)and group C(mature stage and over mature stage,22 cases).According to the presence or absence of macular ede-ma after treatment,the patients were divided into occurrence group(20 cases)and non-occurrence group(60 cases).The levels of SDF-1,MCP-1 and sCD44 in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve(AUC)were used to analyze the value of SDF-1,MCP-1 and sCD44 levels in the diagnosis of DC.Results The levels of SDF-1,MCP-1 and sCD44 in the DC group were higher than those in the age-related cataract group(P<0.05),and the levels of SDF-1,MCP-1 and sCD44 in the A,B and C groups increased sequentially(P<0.05).The level of MCP-1 in the occurrence group was higher than that in the non-occurrence group(P<0.05).The AUC of MCP-1,sCD44 and SDF-1 in the diagnosis of DC was 0.869,and the diagnostic efficiency was better.Conclusion The changes of aqueous SDF-1,MCP-1 and sCD44 levels are related to the stage of cataract in DC patients.Dynam-ic monitoring of these three indexes,especially MCP-1,is helpful to judge the condition and prognosis of DC patients.

Post-stroke depression is a common complication after stroke,which seriously affects the quality of life and clinical prognosis of stroke patients.Acupuncture therapy for post-stroke depression has been proven effective.This article reviewed recent clinical studies on acupuncture therapy for post-stroke depression from the perspectives of pure acupuncture therapy,electroacupuncture therapy,head acupuncture therapy,auricular acupuncture therapy,and comprehensive therapy.The acupoint selection focused on the Governor Vessel,combined with the acupoints of the bladder meridian,liver meridian and pericardium meridian.The comprehensive therapy combined acupuncture with Chinese materia medica,moxibustion,music therapy and rehabilitation training is currently the main treatment approach.Further analysis on the shortcomings of the field could provide references for clinical protocols and mechanism research of acupuncture therapy for post-stroke depression.

Purpose To investigate the value of intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features based on multi-parametric MRI for preoperative prediction of lymphovascular invasion(LVI)in clinical lymph node-negative(cN0)breast cancer.Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 280 patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer who underwent preoperative MRI at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2017 to May 2021.Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a testing cohort.After Z-score normalization,feature selection was performed using Select K Best and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression.Random forest algorithms were used to construct intratumoral,peritumoral,and combined intratumoral-peritumoral radiomics models for LVI prediction.Model performance and clinical utility were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),calibration curves and decision curve analysis.Results High Ki-67 expression(≥20%),axillary lymph node metastasis and positive diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)margin sign were more common in the LVI-positive group(χ2=5.959,18.316,20.554,all P<0.05).In the testing cohort,the AUC values of the dynamic contrast-enhanced(DCE)-Intra and DCE-Com models for predicting LVI status were higher than those of the DWI sequence,whereas the AUC value of the DWI-Peri model was higher than that of the DCE sequence.The DWI-DCE-Com model achieved AUCs of 0.836 and 0.818 in the training and testing cohorts,respectively,which surpassed the predictive performance of single-sequence intratumoral-peritumoral radiomics models(DWI-Com,DCE-Com).Decision curve analysis showed that the DWI-DCE-Com model provided greater net clinical benefit across a reasonable range of threshold probabilities.Conclusion Radiomics models based on multiparametric MRI features from intratumoral and peritumoral regions can effectively predict LVI status in cN0 breast cancer,offering valuable support for preoperative individualized treatment decision-making.

Objective:To study the effects of arsenic exposure on neurological function including voluntary motor ability, anxiety, and short-term memory ability of rats, as well as its impact on the expression levels of synaptic function related genes such as neuropeptide 1 (NLGN1), glutamate receptor 2A (NR2A), and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95).Methods:Forty 3-week-old male specific pathogen free (SPF) grade Wistar rats [weighing (453.97 ± 35.68) g] were selected and divided into four groups using a random number table: 0 (control group) and 2, 10, and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups, with 10 rats in each group. They were given deionized water and 2, 10, and 50 mg/L sodium arsenite solutions for 12 weeks, respectively. The open field experiment and Y-maze experiment were used to test the voluntary motor ability, anxiety, and short-term memory ability of rats. Nissl staining was used to observe the pathological damage of the hippocampus in the brain. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLGN1, NR2A, and PSD95 in the hippocampus, respectively.Results:The results of the open field experiment revealed that the horizontal movement distances of rats in the 2 and 10 mg/L arsenic exposure groups were reduced compared to the control group, the movement distances in the central area in the 2, 10, and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups were reduced compared to the control group, and the residence time in the central area in the 10 and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups was reduced compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). The results of Y-maze experiment showed that the retention time of new arms in rats of the 2 and 10 mg/L arsenic exposure groups was shorter than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). The pathological examination results of Nissl staining showed that the control group had abundant Nissl bodies in hippocampal tissues of the cytoplasm with intact neuronal structures, tightly arranged cells, appearing blue purple in color and clear visible nuclei. However, the number of Nissl bodies decreased, intercellular gaps increased, disordered arrangement increased, cytoplasmic staining was lighter, and nuclear shrinkage phenomenon increased in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the 2, 10 and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of NLGN1, NR2A, and PSD95 in the hippocampal tissues of the four groups ( F = 13.85, 44.94, 4.63, P < 0.05). The results of Western blot analysis showed that the protein expression levels of NLGN1 and NR2A in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the 10 and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups were lower than those in the control group (0.65 ± 0.07, 0.69 ± 0.03 vs 1.00 ± 0.04, 0.51 ± 0.11, 0.51 ± 0.13 vs 1.00 ± 0.07, P < 0.05), and the expression level of PSD95 in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the 50 mg/L arsenic exposure group was lower than that in the control group (0.51 ± 0.09 vs 1.00 ± 0.05, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Arsenic may affect synaptic function and cause neurological dysfunction in rats by adjusting the expression levels of NLGN1, NR2A, and PSD95.

Purpose To investigate the value of intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features based on multi-parametric MRI for preoperative prediction of lymphovascular invasion(LVI)in clinical lymph node-negative(cN0)breast cancer.Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 280 patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer who underwent preoperative MRI at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2017 to May 2021.Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a testing cohort.After Z-score normalization,feature selection was performed using Select K Best and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression.Random forest algorithms were used to construct intratumoral,peritumoral,and combined intratumoral-peritumoral radiomics models for LVI prediction.Model performance and clinical utility were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),calibration curves and decision curve analysis.Results High Ki-67 expression(≥20%),axillary lymph node metastasis and positive diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)margin sign were more common in the LVI-positive group(χ2=5.959,18.316,20.554,all P<0.05).In the testing cohort,the AUC values of the dynamic contrast-enhanced(DCE)-Intra and DCE-Com models for predicting LVI status were higher than those of the DWI sequence,whereas the AUC value of the DWI-Peri model was higher than that of the DCE sequence.The DWI-DCE-Com model achieved AUCs of 0.836 and 0.818 in the training and testing cohorts,respectively,which surpassed the predictive performance of single-sequence intratumoral-peritumoral radiomics models(DWI-Com,DCE-Com).Decision curve analysis showed that the DWI-DCE-Com model provided greater net clinical benefit across a reasonable range of threshold probabilities.Conclusion Radiomics models based on multiparametric MRI features from intratumoral and peritumoral regions can effectively predict LVI status in cN0 breast cancer,offering valuable support for preoperative individualized treatment decision-making.

Objective:To study the effects of arsenic exposure on neurological function including voluntary motor ability, anxiety, and short-term memory ability of rats, as well as its impact on the expression levels of synaptic function related genes such as neuropeptide 1 (NLGN1), glutamate receptor 2A (NR2A), and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95).Methods:Forty 3-week-old male specific pathogen free (SPF) grade Wistar rats [weighing (453.97 ± 35.68) g] were selected and divided into four groups using a random number table: 0 (control group) and 2, 10, and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups, with 10 rats in each group. They were given deionized water and 2, 10, and 50 mg/L sodium arsenite solutions for 12 weeks, respectively. The open field experiment and Y-maze experiment were used to test the voluntary motor ability, anxiety, and short-term memory ability of rats. Nissl staining was used to observe the pathological damage of the hippocampus in the brain. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLGN1, NR2A, and PSD95 in the hippocampus, respectively.Results:The results of the open field experiment revealed that the horizontal movement distances of rats in the 2 and 10 mg/L arsenic exposure groups were reduced compared to the control group, the movement distances in the central area in the 2, 10, and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups were reduced compared to the control group, and the residence time in the central area in the 10 and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups was reduced compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). The results of Y-maze experiment showed that the retention time of new arms in rats of the 2 and 10 mg/L arsenic exposure groups was shorter than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). The pathological examination results of Nissl staining showed that the control group had abundant Nissl bodies in hippocampal tissues of the cytoplasm with intact neuronal structures, tightly arranged cells, appearing blue purple in color and clear visible nuclei. However, the number of Nissl bodies decreased, intercellular gaps increased, disordered arrangement increased, cytoplasmic staining was lighter, and nuclear shrinkage phenomenon increased in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the 2, 10 and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of NLGN1, NR2A, and PSD95 in the hippocampal tissues of the four groups ( F = 13.85, 44.94, 4.63, P < 0.05). The results of Western blot analysis showed that the protein expression levels of NLGN1 and NR2A in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the 10 and 50 mg/L arsenic exposure groups were lower than those in the control group (0.65 ± 0.07, 0.69 ± 0.03 vs 1.00 ± 0.04, 0.51 ± 0.11, 0.51 ± 0.13 vs 1.00 ± 0.07, P < 0.05), and the expression level of PSD95 in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the 50 mg/L arsenic exposure group was lower than that in the control group (0.51 ± 0.09 vs 1.00 ± 0.05, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Arsenic may affect synaptic function and cause neurological dysfunction in rats by adjusting the expression levels of NLGN1, NR2A, and PSD95.

Post-stroke depression is a common complication after stroke,which seriously affects the quality of life and clinical prognosis of stroke patients.Acupuncture therapy for post-stroke depression has been proven effective.This article reviewed recent clinical studies on acupuncture therapy for post-stroke depression from the perspectives of pure acupuncture therapy,electroacupuncture therapy,head acupuncture therapy,auricular acupuncture therapy,and comprehensive therapy.The acupoint selection focused on the Governor Vessel,combined with the acupoints of the bladder meridian,liver meridian and pericardium meridian.The comprehensive therapy combined acupuncture with Chinese materia medica,moxibustion,music therapy and rehabilitation training is currently the main treatment approach.Further analysis on the shortcomings of the field could provide references for clinical protocols and mechanism research of acupuncture therapy for post-stroke depression.

Objective:To explore the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of memantine on sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) model mice.Methods:Totally 90 male C57BL/6J mice aged 8-12 weeks were randomly divided into 3 groups (with 30 mice in each group) : sham group, model group and memantine group. The SAE mouse model was established by cecum ligation and puncture while mouse in sham group received open and closed abdomen only. The mice in the memantine group were irrigation with memantine (15 mg · kg -1· d -1) 3 hours before surgery and 7 consecutive days after modeling. The mice in the model group and sham group were irrigation with an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The 7-day survival rate was observed, neurobehavioral and cognitive function scores of each group of mice after modeling were assessed.Blood-brain barrier permeability was measured by detecting the content of Evans blue. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of astrocytes. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect cellular inflammatory factors and the glutamic acid content detection kit was used to detect the expression of glutamic acid. All data were analyzed by Graphpad Prism 8.3.0 software, survival rate was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curve.Multigroup comparisons were conducted by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results:(1) There was a statistically significant difference in the 7-day survival rate among the three groups of mice after modeling ( F=24.11, P<0.01), and the 7-day survival rate of the memantine group was higher than that of the model group (57% (17/30), 27% (8/30), P<0.01). (2)The behavioral results showed that after 7 days of modeling, there were statistically significant differences in the total distance of the open field test, central area stay time, four corner area stay time, neurobehavioral scores, pole climbing test, and preference index for new object recognition test among the three groups of mice ( F/ χ2=17.67, 17.30, 9.39, 14.06, 10.36, 14.81, all P<0.05).The neurobehavioral score, pole climbing test score, preference index for new object recognition test, total distance of open field test, and central area stay time of the model group were all lower than those of the sham group (all P<0.05), while four corner area stay time of the model group was higher than that of the sham group ( P<0.05).The total distance of open field test (1 564.07(1 363.24, 1 988.19) cm, 913.91 (574.32, 1 096.23) cm), central area stay time (5.21 (4.91, 8.76) s, 1.09 (0.25, 1.64) s), neurobehavioral scores (9.75±0.50, 8.25±0.50), pole climbing test scores (5.67±0.52, 4.56±0.53), and preference index for new object recognition test (56.50±10.59, 26.84±2.91) of the memantine group were all higher than those of the model group (all P<0.05). The four corner area stay time was lower than that of the model group ((480.30±50.64) s, (529.80±36.20) s, P<0.05).(3)The comparison of molecular indicators showed that there were statistically significant differences in the content of Evans blue in the brain, the number of astrocytes in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), and glutamic acid among the three groups of mice ( F/ χ2=8.84, 6.43, 28.46, 23.63, 12.23, 16.04, 69.22, 6.65, all P<0.05).The content of Evans blue, the number of astrocytes in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, the expression of TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6, and glutamate in the model group were all lower than those in the sham group(all P<0.05). The levels of IL-10 in the model group was lower than that in the sham group ( P<0.05).The content of Evans blue ((5.67±1.38)μg/g, (11.08±2.79)μg/g), the number of astrocytes in the hippocampus (16.50 (13.75, 22.25)/μm 2), 80.00 (73.50, 83.50)/μm 2) and the cerebral cortex (40.00 (29.00, 48.00)/μm 2, 81.50 (72.25, 89.00)/μm 2) in the memantine group were lower than those in the model group (all P<0.05).The pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and glutamic acid expression in the memantine group were lower than those in the model group (all P<0.05), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was higher than that in the model group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Memantine can improve the neurobehaviors and cognitive functions of SAE mice through improving the integrity of the damaged blood-brain barrier, alleviating inflammation in the brain, as well as reducing glutamate levels in the brain.