Objectives:To investigate the effect of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)on the repair of dental pulp injury.Methods:hDPSCs were isolated and cultured,and the hDPSCs were divided into control group,0.05 ng/mL IFN-γ group,0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group,5 ng/mL IFN-γ group and 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ+PDTC group.Transwell was used to detect the effect of IFN-γ on the migration abil-ity of human dental pulp stem cells,alizarin red staining was used to evaluated the influence of IFN-γ on the osteogenic differentia-tion of hDPSCs,and the expression of protein related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cells was detected by Western blot.The rat dental pulp mechanical injury model was established,and the 3D cultured hDPSCs cell mass and hDPSCs cell mass with 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ were placed in the cavity of the established rat dental pulp injury model.The cavity was filled with glass ionomer,and HE staining was used to compare the repair of dental pulp tissue in each group of rats.Results:The number of migrating cells in dif-ferent concentrations of IFN-γ groups was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically signif-icant(P＜0.05),and the number of migrated cells in the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group was more than that in the 0.05 ng/mL IFN-γgroup and the 5 ng/mL IFN-γ group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the mineralized nodules and osteoblastic differ entiation of hDPSCs in different concentrations IFN-γgroups were significantly inhibited(P＜0.05).Compared with the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group,the mineralized nodule formation and osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs in the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ+PDTC group were enhanced(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the ALP activity of IFN-γ group and IFN-γ+PDTC group was significantly lower(P＜0.05),and the ALP activity of IFN-γ+PDTC group was higher than that of IFN-γgroup,and the difference between groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the protein ex-pression levels of Wnt1,β-catenin,RUNX2,CyclinD1 and OCN in the IFN-γ group and IFN-γ+PDTC group were significantly decreased,while the GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β had increased,and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05),the protein expressions of Wnt1,β-catenin,RUNX2,CyclinD1 and OCN in the IFN-γ+PDTC group were significantly higher than those in the IFN-γ group,while the protein expression levels of p-GSK-3β and GSK-3β were lower than those in the IFN-γ group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the inflammatory response in the dental pulp mechanical injury model of the IFN-γ group was aggravated,and the dentin formation was significantly inhibited.Conclusion:IFN-γ can promote the migration of hDPSCs and inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of hDP-SCs,and IFN-γ has an inhibitory effect on the formation of restorative dentin after pulp injury,which may be related to the expres-sion regulation of Wnt signaling pathway.

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor′s professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China. Telemedicine, which shortens the distance of medical professionals and the gap of disease diagnosis and treatments in various regions through electronic information, can effectively solve the current problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a standardized, high-quality visualization telemedicine round system .Therefore, experts have been organized to search domestic and foreign literature on telemedicine round for critically ill patients and to form this consensus based on clinical experiences so as to further improve the level of critical care treatments in regions.

Background Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea(IBS-D)is a common gastrointestinal dysfunction disease,but currently,single Western medicine treatments have significant side effects and are prone to recurrence.Probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine have certain therapeutic effects on IBS-D,but the exact treatment mechanism is still unclear,and there is limited research on the combination of the two.Objective To investigate the effects of Chongkang Capsules combined with Bifidobacterium on gut microbiota,mucosal barrier function,and neurotransmitter levels in patients with IBS-D and comorbid anxiety and depression,and to analyze its therapeutic mechanisms.Methods A total of 150 patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea(IBS-D)and anxiety and depression who were treated in the gastroenterology department of our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022,were selected as the study subjects.A randomized controlled trial was designed with three treatment groups:50 patients in the observation group received Chongkang Capsules combined with Bifidobacterium for 4 weeks;50 patients in the positive control group received Rifaximin combined with Bifidobacterium for 4 weeks;and 50 patients in the blank control group received Bifidobacterium alone for 4 weeks(to exclude interference from the bacterial species in the Bifidobacterium capsules in intestinal flora detection).The changes in IBS-D symptom severity,stool consistency,anxiety and depression scores(HAM-A/HAM-D),intestinal flora(lactobacilli,Bifidobacterium,bacteroides,enterobacteria),intestinal barrier markers(serum D-lactic acid,DAO),inflammatory factors(IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α),intestinal tight junction proteins(Occludin,ZO-1),neurotransmitters(5-HT),and recurrence rates were compared among the three groups before and after treatment.Results Symptom improvement:the improvement in IBS-SSS scores,stool classification,and HAM-A/HAM-D scores in the observation and positive control groups was significantly better than that in the blank control group(all P<0.001),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Flora regulation:after treatment,the observation and positive control groups showed a significant increase in beneficial bacteria(lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium)and a significant decrease in pathogenic bacteria(bacteroides and enterobacteria)compared to the blank control group(all P<0.001).The improvement in flora persisted up to 6 months after treatment(P<0.001).Barrier and inflammation:the reduction in serum D-lactic acid,DAO,and IL-6/IL-8/TNF-α levels was significantly greater in the observation and positive control groups than in the blank control group(all P<0.001).The expression of intestinal barrier proteins(Occludin and ZO-1)was significantly upregulated(P<0.001).Neurotransmitters:the increase in serum 5-HT levels were significantly higher in the two groups than in the blank control group(P<0.001).Recurrence rate:the 3-month recurrence rates in the observation group(8.0%)and positive control group(10.0%)were significantly lower than that in the blank control group(30.0%).The 6-month recurrence rates(14.0%vs.16.0%vs.44.0%)also showed significant differences(all P<0.05).Conclusion Chongkang Capsules combined with Bifidobacterium can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms in patients with IBS-D and comorbid anxiety and depression.The mechanism may be related to regulating intestinal flora balance,repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier,suppressing inflammatory responses,and increasing 5-HT levels.Additionally,the low recurrence rate suggests its clinical application value.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)on the repair of dental pulp injury.Methods:hDPSCs were isolated and cultured,and the hDPSCs were divided into control group,0.05 ng/mL IFN-γ group,0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group,5 ng/mL IFN-γ group and 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ+PDTC group.Transwell was used to detect the effect of IFN-γ on the migration abil-ity of human dental pulp stem cells,alizarin red staining was used to evaluated the influence of IFN-γ on the osteogenic differentia-tion of hDPSCs,and the expression of protein related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cells was detected by Western blot.The rat dental pulp mechanical injury model was established,and the 3D cultured hDPSCs cell mass and hDPSCs cell mass with 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ were placed in the cavity of the established rat dental pulp injury model.The cavity was filled with glass ionomer,and HE staining was used to compare the repair of dental pulp tissue in each group of rats.Results:The number of migrating cells in dif-ferent concentrations of IFN-γ groups was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically signif-icant(P＜0.05),and the number of migrated cells in the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group was more than that in the 0.05 ng/mL IFN-γgroup and the 5 ng/mL IFN-γ group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the mineralized nodules and osteoblastic differ entiation of hDPSCs in different concentrations IFN-γgroups were significantly inhibited(P＜0.05).Compared with the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group,the mineralized nodule formation and osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs in the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ+PDTC group were enhanced(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the ALP activity of IFN-γ group and IFN-γ+PDTC group was significantly lower(P＜0.05),and the ALP activity of IFN-γ+PDTC group was higher than that of IFN-γgroup,and the difference between groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the protein ex-pression levels of Wnt1,β-catenin,RUNX2,CyclinD1 and OCN in the IFN-γ group and IFN-γ+PDTC group were significantly decreased,while the GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β had increased,and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05),the protein expressions of Wnt1,β-catenin,RUNX2,CyclinD1 and OCN in the IFN-γ+PDTC group were significantly higher than those in the IFN-γ group,while the protein expression levels of p-GSK-3β and GSK-3β were lower than those in the IFN-γ group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the inflammatory response in the dental pulp mechanical injury model of the IFN-γ group was aggravated,and the dentin formation was significantly inhibited.Conclusion:IFN-γ can promote the migration of hDPSCs and inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of hDP-SCs,and IFN-γ has an inhibitory effect on the formation of restorative dentin after pulp injury,which may be related to the expres-sion regulation of Wnt signaling pathway.

Background Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea(IBS-D)is a common gastrointestinal dysfunction disease,but currently,single Western medicine treatments have significant side effects and are prone to recurrence.Probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine have certain therapeutic effects on IBS-D,but the exact treatment mechanism is still unclear,and there is limited research on the combination of the two.Objective To investigate the effects of Chongkang Capsules combined with Bifidobacterium on gut microbiota,mucosal barrier function,and neurotransmitter levels in patients with IBS-D and comorbid anxiety and depression,and to analyze its therapeutic mechanisms.Methods A total of 150 patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea(IBS-D)and anxiety and depression who were treated in the gastroenterology department of our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022,were selected as the study subjects.A randomized controlled trial was designed with three treatment groups:50 patients in the observation group received Chongkang Capsules combined with Bifidobacterium for 4 weeks;50 patients in the positive control group received Rifaximin combined with Bifidobacterium for 4 weeks;and 50 patients in the blank control group received Bifidobacterium alone for 4 weeks(to exclude interference from the bacterial species in the Bifidobacterium capsules in intestinal flora detection).The changes in IBS-D symptom severity,stool consistency,anxiety and depression scores(HAM-A/HAM-D),intestinal flora(lactobacilli,Bifidobacterium,bacteroides,enterobacteria),intestinal barrier markers(serum D-lactic acid,DAO),inflammatory factors(IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α),intestinal tight junction proteins(Occludin,ZO-1),neurotransmitters(5-HT),and recurrence rates were compared among the three groups before and after treatment.Results Symptom improvement:the improvement in IBS-SSS scores,stool classification,and HAM-A/HAM-D scores in the observation and positive control groups was significantly better than that in the blank control group(all P<0.001),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Flora regulation:after treatment,the observation and positive control groups showed a significant increase in beneficial bacteria(lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium)and a significant decrease in pathogenic bacteria(bacteroides and enterobacteria)compared to the blank control group(all P<0.001).The improvement in flora persisted up to 6 months after treatment(P<0.001).Barrier and inflammation:the reduction in serum D-lactic acid,DAO,and IL-6/IL-8/TNF-α levels was significantly greater in the observation and positive control groups than in the blank control group(all P<0.001).The expression of intestinal barrier proteins(Occludin and ZO-1)was significantly upregulated(P<0.001).Neurotransmitters:the increase in serum 5-HT levels were significantly higher in the two groups than in the blank control group(P<0.001).Recurrence rate:the 3-month recurrence rates in the observation group(8.0%)and positive control group(10.0%)were significantly lower than that in the blank control group(30.0%).The 6-month recurrence rates(14.0%vs.16.0%vs.44.0%)also showed significant differences(all P<0.05).Conclusion Chongkang Capsules combined with Bifidobacterium can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms in patients with IBS-D and comorbid anxiety and depression.The mechanism may be related to regulating intestinal flora balance,repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier,suppressing inflammatory responses,and increasing 5-HT levels.Additionally,the low recurrence rate suggests its clinical application value.

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor′s professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China. Telemedicine, which shortens the distance of medical professionals and the gap of disease diagnosis and treatments in various regions through electronic information, can effectively solve the current problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a standardized, high-quality visualization telemedicine round system .Therefore, experts have been organized to search domestic and foreign literature on telemedicine round for critically ill patients and to form this consensus based on clinical experiences so as to further improve the level of critical care treatments in regions.

Objective:To compare the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in Kunming among the pre-and post-COVID-19 era, and to establish a prediction model for severe RSV infection in children during the post-COVID-19 period.Methods:This was a retrospective study. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from 959 children hospitalized with RSV infection in the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Kunming Children′s Hospital during January to December 2019 and January to December 2023. Patients admitted in 2019 were defined as the pre-COVID-19 group, while those admitted in 2023 were classified as the post-COVID-19 group. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. Subsequently, comparison of the clinical severity among the two groups was performed based on propensity score matching (PSM). Furthermore, the subjects in the post-COVID-19 group were divided into severe and non-severe groups based on clinical severity. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for pairwise comparison between groups, and multivariate Logistic regression was applied for the identification of independent risk factors and construction of the prediction model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve were employed to evaluate the predictive performance of this model. Results:Among the 959 children hospitalized with RSV infection, there were 555 males and 404 females, with an onset age of 15.4 (7.3, 28.5) months. Of which, there were 331 cases in the pre-COVID-19 group and 628 cases in the post-COVID-19 group. The peak period of RSV hospitalization in the post-COVID-19 group were from May to October 2023, and the monthly number of inpatients for each of these months were as follows: 72 cases (11.5%), 98 cases (15.6%), 128 cases (20.4%), 101 cases (16.1%), 65 cases (10.4%), and 61 cases (9.7%), respectively. After PSM for general data, 267 cases were matched in each group. The proportion of wheezing in the post-COVID-19 group was lower than that in the pre-COVID-19 group (109 cases (40.8%) vs. 161 cases (60.3%), χ2=20.26, P<0.001), while the incidences of fever, tachypnea, seizures, severe case, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels were all higher than those in the pre-COVID-19 group (146 cases (54.7%) vs. 119 cases (44.6%), 117 cases (43.8%) vs. 89 cases (33.3%), 37 cases (13.9%) vs. 14 cases (5.2%), 69 cases (25.8%) vs. 45 cases (16.9%), 3.6 (1.9, 6.4) vs. 2.3 (1.8, 4.6), 9.9 (7.1, 15.2) vs. 7.8 (4.5, 13.9) mg/L, 20.5 (15.7, 30.4) vs. 17.2 (11.0, 26.9) ng/L, χ2=5.46, 6.36, 11.47, 6.42, Z=4.13, 3.06, 2.96, all P<0.05). There were 252 cases and 107 cases with co-infection in the post-and pre-COVID-19 groups, respectively. The proportion of triple and quadruple infection in the post-COVID-19 group was higher than that in the pre-COVID-19 group (59 cases (23.4%) vs. 13 cases (12.1%), 30 cases (11.9%) vs. 5 cases (4.7%), χ2=5.94, 4.46, both P<0.05). Among the 252 cases with co-infection in post-COVID-19 group, the most prevalent pathogens involving in co-infections, in order, were Mycoplasma pneumoniae 56 cases (22.2%), Influenza A virus 53 cases (21.0%), Rhinovirus 48 cases (19.0%), Parainfluenza virus 35 cases (13.9%), and Adenovirus 28 cases (11.1%).The result of multivariate Logistic regression showed that age ( OR=0.70, 95% CI 0.62-0.78, P<0.001), underlying diseases ( OR=10.03, 95% CI 4.10-24.55, P<0.001), premature birth ( OR=6.78, 95% CI 3.53-13.04, P<0.001), NLR ( OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.09-3.15, P=0.023), and co-infection ( OR=1.28, 95% CI 1.18-1.38, P<0.001) were independently associated with the development of severe RSV infection in the post-COVID-19 group. The ROC curve of the prediction model integrating the above five factors indicated an area under the curve of 0.85 (95% CI 0.80-0.89, P<0.001), with an optimal cutoff of 0.21, a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.80. The calibration curve showed that the predicted probability in this model did not differ significantly from the actual probability ( P=0.319). Conclusions:In the post-COVID-19 era in Kunming, the peak in pediatric hospitalizations for RSV infection was from May to October, with declined incidence of wheezing and increased incidence of fever, tachypnea, seizures, severe cases, and rates of triple and quadruple co-infections. Age, underlying diseases, premature birth, NLR, and co-infection were identified as independent risk factors for severe RSV infection in the post-COVID-19 period. In this study, a risk prediction model for severe pediatric RSV infection was established, which had a good predictive performance.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of 130 children with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in Yunnan province after the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions, and analyze the risk factors for mortality.Methods:This study is a retrospective case summary that analyzed the demographic data, underlying diseases, clinical diagnoses, disease outcomes, and laboratory results of 130 children with severe COVID-19 infections admitted to nine top-tier hospitals in Yunnan Province from December 2022 to March 2023. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into survival group and death group. The clinical and laboratory data between the two groups were compared, and the risk factors of death were evaluated. The χ2 test and Mann-Whitney U test were employed to compare between groups, while Spearman correlation test and multiple Logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors for death. The predictive value of independent risk factors was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve. Results:The 130 severe patients included 80 males and 50 females with an onset age of 28.0 (4.5, 79.5) months. There were 97 cases in the survival group and 33 cases in the death group with no significant differences in gender and age between the two groups ( P>0.05). Twenty-five cases (19.2%) out of the 130 patients had underlying diseases, and the number with underlying diseases was significantly higher in death group than in survival group (36.4% (12/33) vs. 13.4%(13/97), χ2=8.36, P=0.004). The vaccination rate in the survival group was significantly higher than that in the death group (86.1% (31/36) vs. 7/17, χ2=9.38, P=0.002). A total of 42 cases (32.3%) of the 130 patients were detected to be infected with other pathogens, but there was no significant difference in the incidence of co-infection between the death group and the survival group (39.3%(13/33) vs. 29.9% (29/97), χ2=1.02, P>0.05). Among the 130 cases, severe respiratory cases were the most common 66 cases (50.8%), followed by neurological severe illnesses 34 cases (26.2%) and circulatory severe 13 cases (10%). Compared to the survival group, patients in the death group had a significantly higher levels of neutrophil, ferritin, procalcitonin, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, B-type natriuretic peptide, interleukin-6 and 10 (6.7 (4.0, 14.0) vs. 3.0 (1.6, 7.0)×10 9/L, 479 (298, 594) vs. 268 (124, 424) μg/L, 4.8 (1.7, 10.6) vs. 2.0 (1.1, 3.1) μg/L, 66 (20, 258) vs. 23 (15, 49) U/L, 464 (311, 815) vs. 304 (252, 388) g/L, 71(52, 110) vs. 24(15, 48) U/L, 484 (160, 804) vs. 154 (26, 440) ng/L, 43 (23, 102) vs. 19 (13, 27) ng/L, 216 (114, 318) vs. 86 (45, 128) ng/L, Z=-4.21, -3.67, -3.76, -3.31, -3.75, -5.74, -3.55, -4.65, -5.86, all P<0.05). The correlated indexes were performed by multivariate Logistic regression and the results showed that vaccination was a protective factor from death in severe cases ( OR=0.01, 95% CI 0-0.97, P=0.049) while pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (PSOFA) ( OR=3.31, 95% CI 1.47-7.47, P=0.004), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ( OR=1.56, 95% CI 1.05-2.32, P=0.029) and D dimer ( OR=1.49, 95% CI 1.00-1.02, P=0.033) were independent risk factors for death (all P<0.05). The area under the curve of the three independent risk factors for predicting death were 0.86 (95% CI 0.79-0.94), 0.89 (95% CI 0.84-0.95) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.80-0.94), all P<0.001, and the cut-off values were 4.50, 3.66 and 4.69 mg/L, respectively. Conclusions:Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection can occur in children of all ages, primarily affecting the respiratory system, but can also infect the nervous system, circulatory system or other systems. Children who died had more severe inflammation, tissue damage and coagulation disorders. The elevations of PSOFA, NLR and D dimer were independent risk factors for death in severe children.

Background:There is no gold standard for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis(UC).Given that microRNAs(miRNAs)have been shown to play an important role in inflammation,cell death,and cancer progression,detection of relevant serum markers may be valuable in the diagnosis of UC.Aims:To analyze the expression and clinical significance of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in the serum of patients with UC.Methods:From May 2021 to May 2023,86 UC patients admitted to our hospital were collected.According to the clinical severity,UC patients were grouped into mild group,moderate group,and severe group.86 healthy volunteers(control group)who underwent physical examinations in our hospital were collected.qRT-PCR was applied to detect serum levels of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p.Spearman method was applied to analyze the relationship between the expression levels of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in the serum of UC patients and the Mayo score;;Pearson method was applied to analyze the relationship between the expression levels of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in serum of UC patients and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-6.ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of serum miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p for UC.Decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to determine the clinical practicability of serum miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p and combined detection in the diagnosis of UC.Results:Compared with the control group,the expression levels of serum miR-182-5p,TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in the UC group were greatly increased,while the expression level of miR-142-5p was greatly reduced(P＜0.05),there was no great difference in IL-10 level between the two groups(P＞0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the expression level of serum miR-182-5p was positively correlated with TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels,while the expression level of serum miR-142-5p was negatively correlated with TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels(P＜0.05).Compared with the mild group,the expression level of miR-182-5p and Mayo score in the serum of UC patients in the moderate and severe groups increased greatly,while the expression level of miR-142-5p decreased greatly(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the expression level of serum miR-182-5p was positively correlated with the Mayo score(rs=0.774,P＜0.001);the expression level of serum miR-142-5p was negatively correlated with Mayo score(rs=-0.523,P＜0.001).The AUC value of miR-182-5p combined miR-142-5p in diagnosing UC was higher than that of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p alone(P＜0.05).The results of DCA curve showed that when the high risk threshold was 0.08-0.95,the net benefit rate of the combined detection of serum miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in the diagnosis of UC was better than that of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p alone.Conclusions:The expression level of miR-182-5p in serum of UC patients was significantly increased,and the expression level of miR-142-5p was significantly decreased,both of which could be used as indicators for observing the disease activity of UC.

Background:There is no gold standard for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis(UC).Given that microRNAs(miRNAs)have been shown to play an important role in inflammation,cell death,and cancer progression,detection of relevant serum markers may be valuable in the diagnosis of UC.Aims:To analyze the expression and clinical significance of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in the serum of patients with UC.Methods:From May 2021 to May 2023,86 UC patients admitted to our hospital were collected.According to the clinical severity,UC patients were grouped into mild group,moderate group,and severe group.86 healthy volunteers(control group)who underwent physical examinations in our hospital were collected.qRT-PCR was applied to detect serum levels of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p.Spearman method was applied to analyze the relationship between the expression levels of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in the serum of UC patients and the Mayo score;;Pearson method was applied to analyze the relationship between the expression levels of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in serum of UC patients and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-6.ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of serum miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p for UC.Decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to determine the clinical practicability of serum miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p and combined detection in the diagnosis of UC.Results:Compared with the control group,the expression levels of serum miR-182-5p,TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in the UC group were greatly increased,while the expression level of miR-142-5p was greatly reduced(P＜0.05),there was no great difference in IL-10 level between the two groups(P＞0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the expression level of serum miR-182-5p was positively correlated with TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels,while the expression level of serum miR-142-5p was negatively correlated with TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels(P＜0.05).Compared with the mild group,the expression level of miR-182-5p and Mayo score in the serum of UC patients in the moderate and severe groups increased greatly,while the expression level of miR-142-5p decreased greatly(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the expression level of serum miR-182-5p was positively correlated with the Mayo score(rs=0.774,P＜0.001);the expression level of serum miR-142-5p was negatively correlated with Mayo score(rs=-0.523,P＜0.001).The AUC value of miR-182-5p combined miR-142-5p in diagnosing UC was higher than that of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p alone(P＜0.05).The results of DCA curve showed that when the high risk threshold was 0.08-0.95,the net benefit rate of the combined detection of serum miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p in the diagnosis of UC was better than that of miR-182-5p and miR-142-5p alone.Conclusions:The expression level of miR-182-5p in serum of UC patients was significantly increased,and the expression level of miR-142-5p was significantly decreased,both of which could be used as indicators for observing the disease activity of UC.