This study was aimed atanalyzing the epidemic characteristics of dengue fever in Ruili City atthe China-Myanmar bor-der in late 2023,to provide evidence for local dengue fever prevention and control measures.Adult Aedes mosquitoes were collected from Ruili City with a backpack type mosquito sucking machine in October of 2023.Serum samples frompatients with suspected den-gue were collected in acutephase,in November of 2023.Detection ofdengue virus(DENV)nucleic acids in Aedesmosquitoes and acute phase serum samples from suspected dengue fever patients using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and nucleic acid positive samples were inoculated into Vero cells for viral culture.After three consecutive blind passage,samples with cytopathic effect(CPE)were collected for be sequencingand analysisof genetic and evolutionary information.Dengue case characteristics were analyzed through descriptive epidemiological methods.Among the 109 cases of dengue fever,the ratio of males to females was 1.27∶1.The youngest patient was 1 year old,the oldest patient was 84 years old,the age group of 20～59 years accounted for 73.39%,and the major-ity of occupations were freelancer(40.37%).A total of 827 female Aedes albopictus and 312 Aedes aegypti were collected,all of which tested negative for DENV nucleic acid.109 serum samples tested positive for DENV nucleic acid,including 49 DENV-1 and 60 DENV-2.Moreover,five DENV-1 and nine DENV-2 samples were obtainedthrough third-generation blind passaging with CPE.The E gene sequences of these five DENV-1 strains were detected,all were found to belong to DENV-1 genotype I,and had same evolu-tionary branch as the 2023 Guangzhou,China(PP563911),the 2019 Myanmar(MW793710),and 2019 Attapeu,Laos(MW559046).The nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarityamong the five DENV-1 genotype was 99.4%-99.9%and 99.8%-100.0%.Compared with the aforementioned epidemic strains,their nucleotide similarities were 99.5%-100.0%,99.4%-99.6%and 99.3%-99.5%,respec-tively,and amino acid similarity was 99.8%-100.0%.Nine DENV-2 E gene sequences were of Asian genotype I and belonged to the same evolutionary branch as the 2018 Myanmar(MW788982),2019 Hangzhou(OP684212)and 2019 Ruili(OQ928150).The nucleotide and amino acid similarities of the nine samples were 99.5%-100.0%and 99.8%-100.0%,respectively.Compared with the aforementioned epidemic strains,their nucleotide similarities were 99.7%-100.0%,99.3%-99.7%and 99.3%-99.7%,respectively,and the amino acid similarity was 99.8%-100%,99.8%-100.0%and 99.4%-99.6%,respectively.Two dengue vectors,Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti,were present in Ruili city,and the dengue outbreak was caused primarily by DENV-1 genotype I and DENV-2 Asian genotype I in later 2023.The sources of DENV-1 were probably the same as those of DENV-1 with Guangzhou(2023),and the sources of DENV-2 were probably from Myanmar.Dengue cases were found primarilyin the 20-59 year age group and freelancers,thus suggesting that relevant local departments should strengthen surveillance of dengue imported case and vector.

Objective:To understand the characteristics of faculty in high-level public health schools in China, and analyze the differences in age, area and school level.Methods:Based on the internet information, the faculty information of 18 high-level public health schools was collected for a descriptive analysis on faculty characteristics.Results:There were 1 642 faculty members in the schools of public health in China, in whom 51.8% were women, 92.8% had doctorate, 32.4% had postdoctoral experience and 56.8% were former students staying to teach. The average age of the faculty members was (45.6±9.8) years. Meanwhile the top three study subjects were epidemiology and health statistics (31.0%), occupational health and environmental sanitation (16.5%), and health toxicology (16.3%). In the faculty members aged >40 years, 90.2% had doctorate, 62.6% were former students staying to teach, and 24.7% had no educational background of public health. The proportions of faculty members aged ≤40 years in the three groups mentioned above were 98.2%, 45.8% and 39.1% respectively. In terms of study subject, big data study were mainly conducted in the schools with top subject ranking and the schools in developed areas.Conclusions:The public health faculty was characterized by cross education background and high capability. The study subjects and sub-disciplines varied with schools and areas.

Objective:To understand the characteristics of faculty in high-level public health schools in China, and analyze the differences in age, area and school level.Methods:Based on the internet information, the faculty information of 18 high-level public health schools was collected for a descriptive analysis on faculty characteristics.Results:There were 1 642 faculty members in the schools of public health in China, in whom 51.8% were women, 92.8% had doctorate, 32.4% had postdoctoral experience and 56.8% were former students staying to teach. The average age of the faculty members was (45.6±9.8) years. Meanwhile the top three study subjects were epidemiology and health statistics (31.0%), occupational health and environmental sanitation (16.5%), and health toxicology (16.3%). In the faculty members aged >40 years, 90.2% had doctorate, 62.6% were former students staying to teach, and 24.7% had no educational background of public health. The proportions of faculty members aged ≤40 years in the three groups mentioned above were 98.2%, 45.8% and 39.1% respectively. In terms of study subject, big data study were mainly conducted in the schools with top subject ranking and the schools in developed areas.Conclusions:The public health faculty was characterized by cross education background and high capability. The study subjects and sub-disciplines varied with schools and areas.

This study was aimed atanalyzing the epidemic characteristics of dengue fever in Ruili City atthe China-Myanmar bor-der in late 2023,to provide evidence for local dengue fever prevention and control measures.Adult Aedes mosquitoes were collected from Ruili City with a backpack type mosquito sucking machine in October of 2023.Serum samples frompatients with suspected den-gue were collected in acutephase,in November of 2023.Detection ofdengue virus(DENV)nucleic acids in Aedesmosquitoes and acute phase serum samples from suspected dengue fever patients using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and nucleic acid positive samples were inoculated into Vero cells for viral culture.After three consecutive blind passage,samples with cytopathic effect(CPE)were collected for be sequencingand analysisof genetic and evolutionary information.Dengue case characteristics were analyzed through descriptive epidemiological methods.Among the 109 cases of dengue fever,the ratio of males to females was 1.27∶1.The youngest patient was 1 year old,the oldest patient was 84 years old,the age group of 20～59 years accounted for 73.39%,and the major-ity of occupations were freelancer(40.37%).A total of 827 female Aedes albopictus and 312 Aedes aegypti were collected,all of which tested negative for DENV nucleic acid.109 serum samples tested positive for DENV nucleic acid,including 49 DENV-1 and 60 DENV-2.Moreover,five DENV-1 and nine DENV-2 samples were obtainedthrough third-generation blind passaging with CPE.The E gene sequences of these five DENV-1 strains were detected,all were found to belong to DENV-1 genotype I,and had same evolu-tionary branch as the 2023 Guangzhou,China(PP563911),the 2019 Myanmar(MW793710),and 2019 Attapeu,Laos(MW559046).The nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarityamong the five DENV-1 genotype was 99.4%-99.9%and 99.8%-100.0%.Compared with the aforementioned epidemic strains,their nucleotide similarities were 99.5%-100.0%,99.4%-99.6%and 99.3%-99.5%,respec-tively,and amino acid similarity was 99.8%-100.0%.Nine DENV-2 E gene sequences were of Asian genotype I and belonged to the same evolutionary branch as the 2018 Myanmar(MW788982),2019 Hangzhou(OP684212)and 2019 Ruili(OQ928150).The nucleotide and amino acid similarities of the nine samples were 99.5%-100.0%and 99.8%-100.0%,respectively.Compared with the aforementioned epidemic strains,their nucleotide similarities were 99.7%-100.0%,99.3%-99.7%and 99.3%-99.7%,respectively,and the amino acid similarity was 99.8%-100%,99.8%-100.0%and 99.4%-99.6%,respectively.Two dengue vectors,Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti,were present in Ruili city,and the dengue outbreak was caused primarily by DENV-1 genotype I and DENV-2 Asian genotype I in later 2023.The sources of DENV-1 were probably the same as those of DENV-1 with Guangzhou(2023),and the sources of DENV-2 were probably from Myanmar.Dengue cases were found primarilyin the 20-59 year age group and freelancers,thus suggesting that relevant local departments should strengthen surveillance of dengue imported case and vector.

Objective:To explore the effects of participatory interactive teaching in the clinical internship course of pediatric infectious diseases.Methods:217 undergraduate students of grade 2018 majoring in pediatrics were selected as the experimental group, and 208 undergraduate students of grade 2017 majoring in pediatrics were selected as the control group. The experimental group used the teaching method of BOPPPS combined with case-based learning and team-based learning, while the control group adopted the traditional teaching method. Evaluate the learning effectiveness by comparing the formative evaluation and theoretical exam scores of the two groups , and a questionnaire survey was conducted for the students in the experimental group to investigate teaching feedback. SPSS 19.0 was used to perform the t test for data analysis. Results:The experimental group had significantly better scores than the control group in final theoretical examination [(75.04±9.12) vs. (71.03±9.51), P<0.05] and formative evaluation [(81.03±6.13) vs. (70.02±10.32), P<0.05]. According to the results of the questionnaire survey on teaching satisfaction, the students were satisfied with the interactive participatory teaching method in the four aspects of improving learning interest, improving learning ability, classroom satisfaction level, and course acceptance level. Conclusions:The pragmatic teaching reform in the internship of pediatric infectious diseases is highly accepted by students and beneficial to improving students' clinical thinking ability and comprehensive quality, which is worth further application and promotion.

Traumatic dental injuries(TDIs)of teeth occur frequently in children and adolescents.TDIs that impact the periodontal tissues and alveolar tissue can be classified into concussion,subluxation,extrusive luxation,intrusive luxation,lateral luxation,and avulsion.In these TDIs,management of injured soft tissue,mainly periodontal ligament,and dental pulp,is crucial in maintaining the function and longevity of the injured teeth.Factors that need to be considered for management in laxation injuries include the maturation stage of the traumatic teeth,mobility,direction of displacement,distance of displacement,and whether there are alveolar fractures.In avulsion,the maturation stage of the permanent tooth,the out-socket time,storage media/condition of the avulsed tooth,and management of the PDL should also be considered.Especially,in this review,we have subdivided the immature tooth into the adolescent tooth(Nolla stage 9)and the very young tooth(Nolla stage 8 and below).This consensus paper aimed to discuss the impacts of those factors on the trauma management and prognosis of TDI to provide a streamlined guide for clinicians from clinical evaluation,diagnostic process,management plan decision,follow-up,and orthodontic treatment for tooth luxation and avulsion injuries.

Traumatic dental injuries(TDIs)of teeth occur frequently in children and adolescents.TDIs that impact the periodontal tissues and alveolar tissue can be classified into concussion,subluxation,extrusive luxation,intrusive luxation,lateral luxation,and avulsion.In these TDIs,management of injured soft tissue,mainly periodontal ligament,and dental pulp,is crucial in maintaining the function and longevity of the injured teeth.Factors that need to be considered for management in laxation injuries include the maturation stage of the traumatic teeth,mobility,direction of displacement,distance of displacement,and whether there are alveolar fractures.In avulsion,the maturation stage of the permanent tooth,the out-socket time,storage media/condition of the avulsed tooth,and management of the PDL should also be considered.Especially,in this review,we have subdivided the immature tooth into the adolescent tooth(Nolla stage 9)and the very young tooth(Nolla stage 8 and below).This consensus paper aimed to discuss the impacts of those factors on the trauma management and prognosis of TDI to provide a streamlined guide for clinicians from clinical evaluation,diagnostic process,management plan decision,follow-up,and orthodontic treatment for tooth luxation and avulsion injuries.

Objective To analyze the incidence and mortality of male breast cancer in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2015. Methods The data reported by the Hubei Provincial Cancer Registry from 2012 to 2015 were collected for analyzing the incidence and mortality trends of male breast cancer according to year, urban and rural areas and age. We also compared the difference of incidence and mortality between male and female breast cancer. Results A total of 106 new cases of male breast cancer were reported in Hubei Cancer Registry from 2012 to 2015 with an incidence rate of 0.43/10⁵, and 10052 new cases of female breast cancer with an incidence rate of 42.76/10⁵; the male-to-female incidence ratio was 1:99. Male breast cancer death cases was 37 with the death rate of 0.15/10⁵, and female breast cancer death cases was 2201 with the death rate of 9.36/10⁵; the male-to-female mortality ratio was 1:62. The incidence and mortality of breast cancer between male and female varied by year, urban and rural areas. Male breast cancer was less common in young men (< 35 years old), and the incidence increased with age after 35 years old; male breast cancer deaths were rare in men under 45 years old, and the mortality rate increased with age. The incidence and mortality of male breast cancer patients over 85 years old reached the peak. Conclusion Male breast cancer is rare in clinical practice, and the incidence rate is much lower than that of female breast cancer. Even so, it is necessary to study the epidemiological law of male breast cancers' incidence and mortality, which can be used for prevention and treatment of male breast cancer.

Objective To explore the correlation between serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) level with the occurrence of ischemic stroke and prognosis in the patients with hypertension . Methods Eighty-eight patients with hypertension in this hospital from January 2013 to January 2016 were se-lected ,including 34 cases of simple hypertension and 54 cases of hypertension complicating ischemic stroke . The Lp-PLA2 level was detected .The severity of ischemic stroke was evaluated on 1 ,14 d after admission by adopting the NIHSS .The patients with hypertension complicating ischemic stroke were divided into the good prognosis group and poor prognosis group according to the NIHSS change situation .Moreover the independent predictive factors of prognosis were evaluated by adopting the Logistic multivariate regression .Results The Lp-PLA2 level in the patients with hypertension complicating ischemic stroke was significantly higher than that in the patients with simple hypertension .The Lp-PLA2 level (OR=1 .523 ,95％ CI=1 .323-1 .657) and NIHSS score (OR=3 .275 ,95％ CI=1 .402 -6 .208) at admission were the independent predictive factors of poor prognosis .Conclusion Serum Lp-PLA2 level is closely correlated with the occurrence and prognosis of ische-mic stroke in the patients with hypertension ,which can serve an evaluation index for the occurrence and prognosis of ischemic stroke in the patients with hypertension and provides an objective basis for the clinical therapy .

Objective To investigate the prevalence of iron deficiency(ID)and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant women in urban areas of China. Methods The study was a national cross-sectional survey conducted from September 19th, 2016 to November 20th, 2016. According to the classification of the National Bureau of Statistics, all survey sites were set up in 6 regions of the country. Pregnant women were continuously selected using multistage stratified sampling. A total of 12 403 pregnant women were collected and examined for serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels. Results The median serum ferritin level during pregnancy was 20.60 μg/L(11.78-36.98 μg/L), the hemoglobin level was(118±12)g/L. With the progress of pregnancy, the levels of serum ferritin and hemoglobin decreased gradually. The median serum ferritin levels in the first, second trimester and third trimester were 54.30 μg/L(34.48-94.01 μg/L), 28.60 μg/L(16.40-50.52 μg/L), and 16.70 μg/L(10.20-27.00 μg/L)respectively(P<0.01). The mean hemoglobin levels were(127 ± 10)g/L,(119 ± 11)g/L and(117 ± 11)g/L respectively(P<0.01). The prevalence of ID in urban pregnant women was 48.16%(5 973/12 403), and IDA prevalence was 13.87% (1 720/12 403). The prevalence of IDA in the first, second trimester and third trimester were 1.96% (20/1 019), 8.40%(293/3 487)and 17.82%(1 407/7 897), respectively(P<0.01). The prevalence of standardized ID and IDA were significantly different in various regions of China(P<0.01). The standardized prevalence of ID were relatively higher in East China and Northeast China, 57.37% and 53.41% respectively, while it was the lowest in Southwest China, 30.51%. The standardized prevalence of IDA in South Central, Northwest, and East China were relatively high, 21.30%, 16.97% and 17.53% respectively, and the standardized prevalence of IDA in Southwest China was the lowest, 5.44%,the differents in various regions were significant(all P<0.01). Conclusion The current phenomenon of ID and IDA in pregnant women is still very common,and nutrition and health care during pregnancy should be strengthened.