Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of thermal tomography in breast cancer (BC) screening. Methods We conducted a general population-based BC screening in three regions of Hubei Province (Xiantao, Hongan, and Yangxin Districts). Participants underwent a questionnaire-based interview for baseline data collection. They then received a physical examination, thermal tomography, and ultrasound from doctors and technicians. We compared the efficacies, including sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive rates, of ultrasound and thermal tomography in BC screening. Results A total of 59 712 eligible women were included in this screening program. The BI-RADS 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 accordance rates between the two screening methods were 0.9549, 0.8047, 0.9037, 0.3352, and 0, respectively. The overall accordance rate was 0.933 1. The kappa consistency results showed that the Cicchetti-Allison and Fleiss-Cohen kappa values were 0.7970 and 0.8583, respectively. Although the two methods had equal sensitivities, specificity was higher in thermal tomography than in ultrasound. The false-positive rate was lower in thermal tomography than in ultrasound. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of thermal tomography was significantly larger than that of ultrasound. Conclusion The general consistency between thermal tomography and ultrasound in BC screening was high. Thermal tomography outperformed ultrasound in terms of specificity and diagnostic efficiency. Therefore, thermal tomography has a high application value for general population-based BC screening.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between hearing loss and microvascular complications in diabetes.Methods:This cross-sectional study conducted the data from 572 patients with diabetes hospitalized in the Endocrinology Department of the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command from September 2022 to July 2023. All participants underwent electrical audiometry and acoustic immittance in the ENY department. Based on the audiometric results, participants were categorized into normal hearing group and hearing loss group. Additionally, 572 non-diabetic patients from the outpatient department were enrolled as the non-diabetic group. The general information and laboratory results were collected and compared using t test, rank sum test or χ2 test. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of diabetic hearing loss with diabetic kidney disease(DKD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Results:Among 572 patients with diabetes, 429 suffered from hearing loss and 143 were normal. χ2 test showed significant differences in combined DKD and DPN between two groups, but not in DR. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified DKD and DPN as risk factors for hearing loss, but no correlation was found with DR. Conclusion:Diabetic patients with DKD or DPN should be monitored for potential hearing loss. Early screening and treatment are crucial to prevent severe hearing impairment.

ObjectiveTo determine the antibody levels of varicella-zoster virus （VZV） in healthy individuals aged 1 to 30 years in Songjiang District of Shanghai， and to provide evidence for further development of varicella immunization strategies for healthy population. MethodsSix village committees were selected in Songjiang District through multi-stage stratified random sampling method from July to September 2022. Healthy individuals aged 1 to 30 years old in these villages were recruited and 3‒5 mL of venous blood was collected. Anti-VZV IgG antibody was tested by ELISA. Positive rate of anti-VZV IgG antibody and geometric mean concentration （GMC） were determined. ResultsA total of 315 healthy individuals aged （10.97±8.38） years were included in this study， of which 165 were males aged （11.00±8.52） years and 150 were females aged （10.96±8.25） years. Blood samples were collected and tested for anti-VZV IgG antibody， with the overall positive rate of 55.24% （174/315）. The GMC was calculated to be 99.73 mIU·mL^-1， with the GMC in those tested positive for anti-VZV IgG antibody of 413.11 mIU·mL^-1. The positive rate of anti-VZV IgG antibody and GMCs across age groups ranged between 13.33%‒86.67% and 16.36‒355.14 mIU·mL^-1， respectively. The highest GMC was found in the group of 20‒30 years old （355.14 mIU·mL^-1）， followed by 132.41 mIU·mL^-1 in the group of 5‒ years old and 138.12 mIU·mL^-1 in the group of 15‒ years old. Moreover， the positive rate was 38.47% in the group with 1-dose varicella vaccine and 63.49% in the group with 2 doses， while the GMC were 53.28 mIU·mL^-1 and 130.79 mIU·mL^-1 in these two groups， respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that occupation was a risk factor associated with anti-VZV IgG antibody （OR=2.540）. Stratified analysis by varicella immunization history showed that among 2-dose vaccination group， time interval since the last dose was a protective factor （OR=0.315）. ConclusionsThe overall positive rate of anti-VZV IgG antibody in healthy population in Songjiang District of Shanghai remains low. The 2-dose varicella vaccination should be strengthened to improve the coverage in susceptible population.

BACKGROUND:Red light irradiation and silver ion dressing are mostly used to treat chronic difficult healing wounds clinically,but the optimal irradiation time of red light irradiation and silver ion dressing for chronic non-healing wounds,and the combination of different silver ion dressings have not been determined. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the optimal irradiation time and dressing combination of red light and silver ion dressing in the therapy of chronic non-healing wounds. METHODS:The chronic non-healing wound model was made by applying Staphylococcus aureus on the whole skin defect and subcutaneous hydrocortisone injection in SD rats.72 rat models were randomly divided into 4 groups with 18 rats in each group by random number table method.The rats were treated on the basis of standard dressing change and the following therapy:A1B1 group(red irradiation 20 minutes + lipid hydrocolloidal silver sulfate dressing),A1B2 group(red light irradiation 20 minutes + calcium alginate fiber dressing),A2B1 group(red light irradiation 30 minutes + lipid hydrocolloidal silver sulfate dressing),and A2B2 group(red light irradiation 30 minutes + calcium alginate fiber dressing);change dressing,irradiate once,and change dressing every 24 hours.After 14 days of continuous treatment,wound healing rate,bacterial colony number,inflammatory response,histomorphology and angiogenesis were detected in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)With the extension of treatment time,the wound healing rate of rats in the four groups was increased,and the wound healing rate of rats in the A2B2 group at 3,7,and 14 days after treatment was higher than that in the other three groups(P<0.05).(2)The wound bacterial culture results on day 7 after treatment demonstrated that the number of bacterial colonies in the A2B2 group was lower than that in the other three groups(P<0.05).Western blot assay exhibited that with the extension of treatment time,the protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 in wound tissue of rats in the four groups were decreased,while the protein expressions of interleukin-10 were increased.The protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 in the A2B2 group were lower than those in the other three groups(P<0.05).The protein expression of interleukin-10 in the A2B2 group was higher than that of the other three groups(P<0.05).(3)The wound hematoxylin-eosin staining on day 14 after treatment demonstrated that a large number of collagen fibers in the A2B2 group were parallel distributed and the most closely connected,which was significantly better than the other three groups.(4)The results of immunofluorescence staining indicated that the fluorescence intensity expression of CD31 in the A2B2 group was higher than that in the A1B1,A1B2 and A2B1 groups(P<0.05).q-PCR detection at 3,7,and 14 days after treatment exhibited that the mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor a and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in the A2B2 group were higher than those in the other three groups(P<0.05).Western blot assay at 3,7 and 14 days after treatment revealed that the protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor a and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in the A2B2 group were higher than those in the other three groups(P<0.05).(5)These findings confirm that 30 minutes of red light irradiation combined with silver alginate fiber dressing has better results in treatment of chronic non-healing wounds.

Objective:To investigate the detection of bone marrow tumor cells in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and their relationship with clinical features, treatment response and prognosis.Methods:A total of 113patients with newly diagnosed SCLC from January 2018 to October 2022 at Beijing Chest Hospital were prospectively enrolled. Before treatment, bone marrow was aspirated and separately submitted for tumor cells detection by liquid-based cytology and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) detection by the substrction enrichment and immunostaining fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) platform. The correlation between the detection results of the two methods with patients' clinical features and treatment response was evaluated by Chi-square. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to create survival curves and the Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The positive rate of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in SCLC was 15.93% (18/113). The liver and bone metastases rates were significantly higher (55.56% vs 11.58% for liver metastasis, P＜0.001; 77.78% vs 16.84% for bone metastasis, P＜0.001) and thrombocytopenia was more common (16.67% vs 2.11%, P=0.033) in patients with tumor cells detected in liquid-based cytology than those without detected tumor cells. As for SE-iFISH, DTCs were detected in 92.92% of patients (105/113), the liver and bone metastasis rates were significantly higher (37.93% vs 11.90% for liver metastasis, P=0.002; 44.83% vs 20.23 % for bone metastasis, P=0.010), and the incidence of thrombocytopenia was significantly increased (13.79% vs 1.19%, P=0.020) in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml. The positive rates of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in the disease control group and the disease progression group were 12.00% (12/100) and 46.15% (6/13), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.002). However, the result of SE-iFISH revealed the DTCs quantities of the above two groups were 29 (8,110) and 64 (15,257) per 3 ml, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups ( P=0.329). Univariate analysis depicted that the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of liquid-based cytology positive patients were significantly shorter than those of tumor cell negative patients (6.33 months vs 9.27 months for PFS, P=0.019; 8.03 months vs 19.50 months for OS, P=0.019, P=0.033). The median PFS and median OS in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml decreased significantly than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml (6.83 months vs 9.50 months for PFS, P=0.004; 11.2 months vs 20.60 months for OS, P=0.019). Multivariate analysis showed that disease stage ( HR=2.806, 95% CI:1.499-5.251, P=0.001) and DTCs quantity detected by SE-iFISH ( HR=1.841, 95% CI:1.095-3.095, P=0.021) were independent factors of PFS, while disease stage was the independent factor of OS ( HR=2.538, 95% CI:1.169-5.512, P=0.019). Conclusions:Both bone marrow liquid-based cytology and SE-iFISH are clinically feasible. The positive detection of liquid-based cytology or DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was correlated with distant metastasis, and DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was an independent prognostic factor of decreased PFS in SCLC.

Objective:To investigate the detection of bone marrow tumor cells in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and their relationship with clinical features, treatment response and prognosis.Methods:A total of 113patients with newly diagnosed SCLC from January 2018 to October 2022 at Beijing Chest Hospital were prospectively enrolled. Before treatment, bone marrow was aspirated and separately submitted for tumor cells detection by liquid-based cytology and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) detection by the substrction enrichment and immunostaining fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) platform. The correlation between the detection results of the two methods with patients' clinical features and treatment response was evaluated by Chi-square. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to create survival curves and the Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The positive rate of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in SCLC was 15.93% (18/113). The liver and bone metastases rates were significantly higher (55.56% vs 11.58% for liver metastasis, P＜0.001; 77.78% vs 16.84% for bone metastasis, P＜0.001) and thrombocytopenia was more common (16.67% vs 2.11%, P=0.033) in patients with tumor cells detected in liquid-based cytology than those without detected tumor cells. As for SE-iFISH, DTCs were detected in 92.92% of patients (105/113), the liver and bone metastasis rates were significantly higher (37.93% vs 11.90% for liver metastasis, P=0.002; 44.83% vs 20.23 % for bone metastasis, P=0.010), and the incidence of thrombocytopenia was significantly increased (13.79% vs 1.19%, P=0.020) in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml. The positive rates of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in the disease control group and the disease progression group were 12.00% (12/100) and 46.15% (6/13), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.002). However, the result of SE-iFISH revealed the DTCs quantities of the above two groups were 29 (8,110) and 64 (15,257) per 3 ml, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups ( P=0.329). Univariate analysis depicted that the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of liquid-based cytology positive patients were significantly shorter than those of tumor cell negative patients (6.33 months vs 9.27 months for PFS, P=0.019; 8.03 months vs 19.50 months for OS, P=0.019, P=0.033). The median PFS and median OS in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml decreased significantly than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml (6.83 months vs 9.50 months for PFS, P=0.004; 11.2 months vs 20.60 months for OS, P=0.019). Multivariate analysis showed that disease stage ( HR=2.806, 95% CI:1.499-5.251, P=0.001) and DTCs quantity detected by SE-iFISH ( HR=1.841, 95% CI:1.095-3.095, P=0.021) were independent factors of PFS, while disease stage was the independent factor of OS ( HR=2.538, 95% CI:1.169-5.512, P=0.019). Conclusions:Both bone marrow liquid-based cytology and SE-iFISH are clinically feasible. The positive detection of liquid-based cytology or DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was correlated with distant metastasis, and DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was an independent prognostic factor of decreased PFS in SCLC.

Vaccination is the most economical and effective measure to prevent infectious diseases targeted by vaccines. Despite this， the safety of vaccines has garnered increased attention due to recent vaccine incidents. The tetravalent human papillomavirus vaccine （HPV） is one of the effective means to prevent cervical cancer and in situ adenocarcinoma caused by infection with corresponding serotypes. The inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine is an emergency vaccine developed to prevent novel coronavirus infection after the COVID-19 outbreak， and is also the main measure used to control the spread of COVID-19 at present. The monitoring data show that both vaccines have good safety after inoculation， but due to individual differences and other reasons， rare reactions may occur in a very small number of recipients. This article presents two cases of urticaria vasculitis following inoculation of the tetravalent HPV and the novel corona virus inactivated vaccine.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the sedative effect of remimazolam in endoscopy and to compare it with propofol and midazolam. METHODS Search PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database, CNKI and other databases to collect the literature of randomized controlled trials of remimazolam for sedation in endoscopy. The search period was from 2018 onwards when remimazolam was approved for clinical trials until April 2022. The search strategy included the following variable keywords: remimazolam, gastroscopy, bronchoscopy, and colonoscopy. The quality of the included literature was assessed and the collected data were subjected to meta-analysis by RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS Ten relevant RCTs involving midazolam and propofol, involving a total of 2 076 patients were included in the analysis. The results showed that the sedative effect of remimazolam was significantly higher than that of midazolam [OR=0.03, 95%CI(0.02, 0.05), I2=0%, P<0.000 01]; but lower than that of propofol [OR=11.32, 95%CI(2.12, 60.56), I2=0%, P=0.005]. The onset time of remimazolam was longer than that of propofol, but shorter than that of midazolam; the recovery time was faster than that of propofol and midazolam. Compared with midazolam, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions. Compared with propofol, remimazolam was associated with lower rates of hypotension, slowed heart rate, hypoxemia, and injection pain, but higher risk ratio of nausea, with no difference invomiting. CONCLUSION The sedative effect and onset of action of remimazolam are better than midazolam but less than propofol when used for endoscopy. Wake-up time is faster than that of propofol and midazolam. The incidence of respiratory and circulatory depression is lower with remimazolam than with propofol, and there are no significant differences in adverse effects compared with midazolam.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate and integrate the best evidence of blood glucose management in hemodialysis patients with end-stage diabetic kidney disease, so as to provide a basis for clinical evidence-based nursing practice.Methods:BMJ Best Clinical Practice, Cochrane, OVID, Scopus, UpToDate, CNKI, Wanfang Database, Medical Pulse database, and other guideline networks and professional association websites and databases were searched for blood glucose management in hemodialysis patients with end-stage diabetic kidney disease. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to May 10, 2023.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, including 1 clinical decision, 5 guidelines, 6 systematic reviews, 1 randomized controlled trial, and 1 expert consensus. The best evidences for blood glucose management in hemodialysis patients were summarized, including 8 aspects of pre-dialysis assessment, pre-dialysis blood glucose management, blood glucose management during dialysis, blood glucose management during dialysis interval, diet and nutrition, exercise management, lifestyle intervention and health education, with 25 pieces of evidence.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence of blood glucose management in hemodialysis patients with end-stage diabetic kidney disease, and provides evidence-based basis for clinical practice for medical staff.

Maxillary sinus is located in the maxilla bone with the largest volume in all sinuses and is closest to the roots of maxillary posterior teeth, especially the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary second molar. The thickness of the normal maxillary sinus mucosa is about 1 mm. When stimulated or infected, it shows thickening of the mucosa. Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases in human beings, and the complex root anatomy of the maxillary molars aggravates the difficulty of inflammation control. Severe periodontitis of maxillary molars without effective treatment can affect the maxillary sinus, increasing the possibility of the mucosa thickening, and is also one of the reasons for the occurrence of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS). There are many different schemes for the treatment of OMS caused by severe periodontitis of maxillary molars. Extraction of teeth with severe periodontal disease without retention value or successful periodontal treatment can significantly reduce the thickness of maxillary sinus mucosa. For the patients with uncontrollable sinusitis by using drug treatment and eliminating odontogenic causes, or ones with severe symptoms, periodontal treatment and endoscopic sinus surgery can be combined to effectively control the periodontitis related maxillary sinusitis.