Objective To investigate the cross-sectional associations between different fatty liver classifications and cardiac structure and function in people undergo health examination. Methods A total of 6 545 adults who underwent health examinations at the Health Management Center of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University between January 1 and December 31, 2017, were retrospectively included. Demographic characteristics and laboratory data were collected. The hepatic steatosis was graded by ultrasonography. And patients with fatty liver were further stratified according to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, as well as the degree of liver fibrosis. Cardiac morphology and function were assessed by transthoracic echocardiography, and left ventricular geometric patterns were classified accordingly. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between fatty liver classifications and cardiac abnormalities. Results There were 2 795 patients (42.7%) with fatty liver, of whom 832 (29.8%) had significant cardiac structural alterations and 1 500 (53.7%) had diastolic dysfunction. Severe fatty liver was risk factor for concentric remodeling and increased relative wall thickness (RWT), with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.27 (P＝0.012) and 1.27 (P＝0.009), respectively. Fatty liver accompanied by elevated ALT or AST was risk factor for concentric remodeling (OR＝1.45,1.56; P＝0.001, 0.001), increased RWT (OR＝1.48,1.57; P＜0.001, ＜0.001), and diastolic dysfunction (OR＝1.27, 1.32; P＝0.035, 0.040), respectively. Fatty liver with liver fibrosis was risk factor for concentric remodeling (OR＝1.83, P＝0.046) and diastolic dysfunction (OR＝2.64, P＝0.034). Conclusions Advanced fatty liver, including severe hepatic steatosis, accompanied by elevated liver enzymes or liver fibrosis, could increase risks of cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction, while systolic function is preserved. For patients with fatty liver, it is recommended to undergo regular ultrasonography examination.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of human papillomavirus E6/E7(HPV E6/E7)mRNA combined with colposcopy in screening cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods A total of 480 patients with suspected cervical precancerous lesions in the hospital from July 2022 to De-cember 2024 were retrospectively selected as research objects.All the patients underwent HPV E6/E7 mRNA testing,colposcopy,and pathological examination.Taking the pathological examination results as the diagnostic golden standard,the diagnostic values of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and colposcopy alone as well as their combination were analyzed.Results The pathological examination results of 480 pa-tients showed that there were 192 negative cases,including 1 case of normal cervix and 191 cases of benign lesions;there were 288 positive cases,including 133 cases of low-grade squamous intraepithe-lial lesions(LSIL),110 cases of high-grade squamousintraepithelial lesions(HSIL),and 45 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).The colposcopy results showed 211 true-positive cases and 138 true-negative cases;the HPV E6/E7 mRNA test results showed 199 true-positive cases and 137 true-negative cases;the combined test results showed 239 true-positive cases and 174 true-negative cases.The sensitivity(95.22％),specificity(75.98％),accuracy(86.04％),positive predic-tive value(81.29％),and negative predictive value(93.55％)of the combined test were signifi-cantly higher than those of each individual test(P＜0.001).Moreover,the consistency between the combined test and pathological results(Kappa=0.718,P＜0.001)was also significantly high-er than that of each individual test.Conclusion Compared with HPV E6/E7 mRNA or colposcopy alone,the combined test has higher clinical application value in screening of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer,shows stronger consistency with pathological results,and is of great sig-nificance for the early differential diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer.

Hematologic malignancies,such as lymphoma,myeloma,and myeloid neoplasms,can occur in extramedullary tissues.Traditional histopathological morphology and immunohistochemical staining have lim-itations,including time-consuming specimen processing,prolonged reporting cycles,and relatively low sensi-tivity in cases of limited cell numbers.Flow cytometry offers significant advantages in detecting tissue sam-ples,such as rapid processing,shorter reporting cycles,and high accuracy and sensitivity,making it an effective complement to histopathological and immunohistochemical methods.However,the application of flow cytome-try in tissue sample detection currently lacks standardized protocols for sample collection and preservation,single-cell suspension preparation,antibody panel design for limited samples,data analysis,and result repor-ting.To promote the standardized application of flow cytometry in detecting hematologic tumor cells in tissue samples,the Cell Analysis Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Biotechnology organized experts to develop the Chinese Expert Consensus on Flow Cytometry for Detecting Hematologic Tumor Cells in Tis-sue Samples(hereinafter referred to as the Consensus).This Consensus elaborates on the technical aspects of flow cytometry for tissue sample detection,covering sample processing,antibody panel design,data analysis,reporting content,and quality management.It particularly emphasizes recommended antibody panels and data analysis methods for flow cytometry when tissue sample cell counts are low.This article aims to interpret the key points of the Consensus to facilitate its better application in clinical practice.

Objective:To understand the characteristics of faculty in high-level public health schools in China, and analyze the differences in age, area and school level.Methods:Based on the internet information, the faculty information of 18 high-level public health schools was collected for a descriptive analysis on faculty characteristics.Results:There were 1 642 faculty members in the schools of public health in China, in whom 51.8% were women, 92.8% had doctorate, 32.4% had postdoctoral experience and 56.8% were former students staying to teach. The average age of the faculty members was (45.6±9.8) years. Meanwhile the top three study subjects were epidemiology and health statistics (31.0%), occupational health and environmental sanitation (16.5%), and health toxicology (16.3%). In the faculty members aged >40 years, 90.2% had doctorate, 62.6% were former students staying to teach, and 24.7% had no educational background of public health. The proportions of faculty members aged ≤40 years in the three groups mentioned above were 98.2%, 45.8% and 39.1% respectively. In terms of study subject, big data study were mainly conducted in the schools with top subject ranking and the schools in developed areas.Conclusions:The public health faculty was characterized by cross education background and high capability. The study subjects and sub-disciplines varied with schools and areas.

Objective To explore the correlation of complex inflammation indexes,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)with the severity of acute ische-mic stroke(AIS).Methods A total of 278 patients with brain MRI-confirmed AIS admitted in our department between March 2018 and September 2023 were enrolled retrospectively,and according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score at admission,they were divided into a mild stroke group(NIHSS score≤3,n=157)and a moderate-severe stroke group(NIHSS score＞3,n=121).Clinical data and results of laboratory tests at admission were collec-ted,and NLR and PLR were calculated.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association of NLR and PLR with AIS severity.Results Compared with the mild stroke group,the moderate-severe stroke group had significantly older age,larger proportions of atrial fibrillation and pre-morbid Modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score＞1,higher NLR and PLR,and higher ratio of culprit large vessel stenosis,and a lower rate of transient ischemic attack(TIA)(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TIA(95％CI:0.017-0.455,P=0.004)was a protective factor,and pre-morbid mRS＞1(95％CI:1.451-6.700,P=0.004),NLR(95％CI:1.041-1.346,P=0.010)and culprit large vessel stenosis(95％CI:1.370-4.415,P=0.003)were risk factors for the severity of AIS.Conclusion Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of AIS,and the complex inflammatory index,NLR may be an inde-pendent risk factor for the severity of AIS.

Objective To construct a dynamic framework for bidirectional transitions of mild cognitive impairment(MCI),quantifying both rare reversion and high-risk progression trajectories in cognitive dynamics.Methods Patients diagnosed with MCI at baseline from 2005 to 2022 and completed at least two follow-up visits were selected from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI),and a retrospective cohort was constructed.Demographic information,APOEε4 genotype,and neuropsychological scales data were collected.Longitudinal cognitive assessments were functionally reconstructed using multivariate functional principal component analysis(MFPCA),with functional principal components(FPCs)extracted based on cumulative variance contribution rate(PVE＞90％).Functional multi-state Markov models were developed to estimate inter-state transition intensities,year to year transition probabilities,and covariate effects.Results Among 1,019 MCI patients(4,657 follow-up visits),93(9.1％)reverted to normal cognition,while 359(35.2％)progressed to Alzheimer's disease(AD).Longitudinal trajectory analysis revealed significant heterogeneity:progressive MCI＞stable MCI＞reverted MCI in the first functional principal component(MFPC1)scores.The transition intensity for MCI reversion(0.020)was approximately one-fourth of the AD progression risk(0.086),but the post-reversion cognitive re-impairment intensity was 0.138.Reduced MFPC1(HR=0.993,95％Cl:0.991,0.995)and elevated MFPC2(HR=1.004,95％Cl:1.001,1.007)were closely associated with MCI reversion.Conclusion MCI exhibits marked heterogeneity in longitudinal cognitive trajectories.Although reversion is rare,reversed patients remain at high risk of cognitive re-impairment.

Objective To explore the effect of microRNA-381-3p(miR-381-3p)/MuRF1 axis on cardiopulmonary injury in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension(HPH)mice and its potential mechanisms.Methods Sixty mice were randomly assigned to four groups:the normal control group(NC),the hypobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension(HPH)group,the HPH+agomir control group and the HPH+miR-381-3p agomir analog group(HPH+miR-381-3p agomir),with 15 mice in each group.The HPH mouse model was established using a low-pressure and hypoxic artificial chamber.Three weeks prior to the establishment of the HPH model,miR-381-3p agomir and its corresponding control agomir were prepared by dissolving them in RNA-free phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)according to the experimental requirements.These solutions were administered via tail vein injection at a dose of 10 mg/kg,twice weekly for three consecutive weeks.Right heart function was assessed using echocardiography.Right ventricular systolic pressure(RVSP)was measured via cardiac catheterization.Pulmonary vascular remodeling was evaluated through hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR(RT-qPCR)was employed to analyze the mRNA expression levels of miR-381-3p and MuRF1.Potential targets of miR-381-3p were predicted,and pathway enrichment analysis was conducted.A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the direct regulatory effect of miR-381-3p on MuRF1.Results Compared with the NC group,the mRNA expression of miR-381-3p was significantly decreased in both the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,whereas the mRNA expression of MuRF1 was significantly increased(P＜0.05).In contrast,compared with the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,the mRNA expression of miR-381-3p was significantly increased in the HPH+miR-381-3p agomir group,while the mRNA expression of MuRF1 was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Additionally,compared with the NC group,RVSP,right ventricular anterior wall thickness(RVAW),right ventricular hypertrophy index(RVHI),right ventricular collagen volume fraction(CVF),distal pulmonary artery wall thickness ratio(WT),pulmonary artery wall area ratio(WA),as well as IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α levels in alveolar lavage fluid were significantly increased in the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,whereas the right ventricular diameter(RVID)was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conversely,compared with the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,RVSP,RVAW,RVHI,right ventricular CVF,WT,Wa and RVID were decreased in the HPH+miR-381-3p agomir group,and IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α levels of alveolar lavage fluid were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Furthermore,the downstream target genes of miR-381-3p were predicted in the database,and MuRF1 was a potential target,and the Cytoskeleton in muscle cells ranked first in the significant enrichment of target genes.Compared with WT-MuRF1+mimic control group,the luciferase activity was decreased in the WT-MuRF1+miR-381-3p mimic group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the luciferase activity between the Mut-MuRF1+mimic control group and the Mut-MuRF1+miR-381-3p mimic group.Conclusion Overexpression of miR-381-3p can improve cardiopulmonary injury in HPH mice,and the mechanism may be related to the targeted inhibition of MuRF1 by miR-381-3p.

Objective To investigate the value of methylation levels of Discs large-associated protein5(DLGAP5)and Ras association domain family 1A(RASSF1A)in peripheral blood in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung nodules.Methods 110 patients with pulmonary nodules admitted to the Seventh People's Hospital of Hebei Province from December 2022 to June 2024 were selected as study subjects.Based on the diagnosis confirmed by pathological examination,52 patients with malignant lung nodules were included in the malignant group and 58 patients with benign lung nodules were included in the benign group.The methylation levels of DLGAP5 and RASSF1A genes in peripheral blood were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).The diagnostic value of methylation of DLGAP5 and RASSF1A genes in peripheral blood on the benign and malignant nature of lung nodules and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with malignant lung nodules were analyzed.Spearman's method was used to analyze the correlation between DLGAP5 and RASSF1A gene methylation levels and clinicopathological features.Results Compared with the benign group,the methylation levels of DLGAP5 and RASSF1A genes were higher in the peripheral blood of patients in the malignant group,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=27.010,24.350,all P<0.001).The sensitivities of DLGAP5 methylation and RASSF1A methylation alone in the detection of malignant lung nodules were 61.54%,67.31%,and the specificity were 86.21%,79.31%,and the accuracies were 74.55%,73.63%,respectively.The sensitivity(84.62%)and accuracy(83.64%)of the combined two-gene methylation test for malignant lung nodules were better than that of single gene methylation(Z=2.816,2.497,all P<0.05).The concordance Kappa values of DLGAP5 methylation and RASSF1A methylation alone and in combination with the pathological results were 0.583,0.569 and 0.712,respectively.The nodules size,histological differentiation degree,lymph nodes and spiculation sign of patients with malignant pulmonary nodules were correlated with DLGAP5 and RASSF1A methylation levels,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2DLGAP5=4.644～14.981,χ2RASSF1A=4.293～12.629,all P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the methylation levels of DLGAP5 and RASSF1A genes were positively correlated with nodule size,histologic differentiation,lymph node metastasis and spiculation sign(rDLGAP5=0.512～0.683,rRASSF1A=0.527～0.691,all P<0.05).Conclusion The methylation levels of DLGAP5 and RASSF1A gene in peripheral blood were closely related to histological differentiation,lymph node metastasis and clinical staging.The combined detection of the two has high diagnostic value fro the benign and malignant nature of pulmonary nodules.

This study aims to understand the epidemic distribution characteristics,antimicrobial resistance,virulence genes,and biofilm adhesion ability of Enterococcus in yaks on the Tibetan plateau.Three hundred and forty-six fresh yak fecal samples and 311 milk samples were collected from four provinces on the Tibetan plateau(Xizang,Sichuan,Gansu,Qinghai),totaling 657 sam-ples.Bacterial isolation and identification were conducted,followed by 16S rDNA gene detection and the construction of a systematic evolutionary tree.The isolated strains were tested for antimi-crobial resistance and virulence genes using PCR,and sensitivity tests were performed using 18 types of antibiotics.The biofilm adhesion ability of the isolated bacteria was determined using an improved semi-quantitative crystal violet staining method.The results showed that the total isola-tion rate of Enterococcus was 32.27％,with Sichuan having the highest at 60.23％,followed by Gansu,Qinghai,and Tibet autonomous region at 42.70％,23.47％,and 18.31％respectively.In terms of sample types,the isolation rate in fecal samples was 36.71％,and in milk samples,it was 27.33％.Through PCR amplification,bands of approximately 1 400 bp were obtained,and 5 strains were selected for evolutionary analysis,forming a separate cluster.Among the 212 isolated strains,a high resistance to clindamycin,quinupristin-dalfopristin,linezolid,levofloxacin,and erythromycin was observed,with various resistance phenomena,accounting for 60.85％.Only 5 out of 12 resist-ant genes were detected,namely erm(B),tet(L),tet(O),tet(M),and ant(6)-Ia.All 13 virulence genes were detected in Enterococcus,with detection rates in the range of 5.19％to 95.76％,where cpd was 95.75％,gelE was 91.98％,efaA was 86.79％,asal was 86.32％,and the rest ranged from 5.19％to 55.66％.The fsr virulence gene was not detected in Enterococcus from milk sources.Among the isolated strains,3.30％showed medium adhesive ability,48.58％showed weak adhesive ability,and 48.11％showed no adhesive ability.The above research revealed the preva-lence of yak derived Enterococcus,the carrying status of resistance and virulence genes,and the correlation between biofilm phenotypes,laying the foundation for mastering research data on yak-derived Enterococcus in the Tibetan plateau.

Objective:To explore the implementation effectiveness of clinical faculty teaching qualification and admission assessment program based on Miller's competency model.Methods:Action research method was adopted in combination with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The assessment scores were analyzed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 clinical teachers who participated in the assessment. Interview data were analyzed and themes were extracted based on the three-level coding method of qualitative research. The statistical functions in Excel were used to analyze the scores of six teaching components such as written tests, lesson plans, and presentations. Categorical data were expressed as frequency and percentage.Results:A total of 93.07% (188/202) of teachers passed the assessment and obtained teaching qualification certificates for clinical teaching in all relevant components. Qualitative analysis identified three main themes. The first theme was that teaching qualification and admission assessment enhanced teachers' understanding of clinical teaching standards and teacher/teaching community. The second theme was that teaching qualification and admission assessment provided clinical teachers with scenario demonstration of independent learning, peer communication, and teaching feedback and reflection. The third theme was the need for further strengthening of pre-assessment training.Conclusions:Teaching qualification and admission assessment contributes to the in-depth understanding of clinical teaching standards among clinical faculty and promotes the construction of teaching communities, thereby laying a foundation for enhancing the teaching capabilities of clinical teachers.