Objective To investigate the role of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) in trichloroethylene (TCE)-induced skin sensitization and liver damage in guinea pigs, using diallyl sulfide (DAS), a CYP2E1 inhibitor, as an intervention. Methods Specific pathogen-free female guinea pigs were randomly divided into blank control group, solvent control group, positive control (2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene) group, TCE-exposure group, and DAS-intervention group. Skin sensitization experiments were conducted using the guinea pig TCE maximal dose-skin sensitization test. Urinary trichloroacetic acid levels were determined following TCE induction and challenge. At 48 hours after the final challenge, serum liver function markers and inflammatory cytokines levels were detected. Histopathological examination on skin and liver tissues was performed, and hepatic CYP2E1 protein expression and oxidative stress indicators were assessed. Results The sensitization rates of guinea pigs were 100.0%, 75.0%, and 33.3% in the positive control, TCE-exposure, and DAS-intervention groups, respectively, while the blank control and solvent control groups were both 0.0%. Compared with the guinea pigs in TCE-exposure group, those in the DAS-intervention group had lower urinary trichloroacetic acid levels at intradermal induction, local induction, first challenge, and 24 hours after the final challenge time point (all P<0.05). Histopathology of guinea pigs showed dermal inflammatory infiltration and basal keratinocyte necrosis in the TCE-exposure group, whereas only mild dermal inflammation was observed in the DAS-intervention group. The guinea pigs in TCE-exposure group exhibited diffuse hepatocellular necrosis, while hepatic damage in the DAS-intervention group was alleviated, characterized by only mild hepatocellular steatosis and hepatocyte swelling around the central vein. The skin sensitization rate of guinea pigs in the TCE-exposure group increased (all P<0.01), the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT )activity, the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α) increased (all P<0.05), the relative expression of CYP2E1 protein, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the level of malondialdehyde in liver tissue increased (all P<0.05), while the activity of catalase decreased (P<0.05), compared with the blank control and solvent control groups. The serum ALT activity and the levels of IL-2, IL-17, and TNF-α of guinea pigs in DAS-intervention group reduced (all P<0.05), as well as CYP2E1 protein expression, SOD activity, and malondialdehyde level in liver tissue reduced (all P<0.05), compared with the TCE-exposure group. Conclusion TCE can induce hepatic CYP2E1 expression, thereby promoting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, which contributes to skin sensitization and liver damage. DAS alleviates TCE-induced toxic effects on skin and liver by inhibiting CYP2E1 expression.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of supplementing early rehabilitation with local vibration therapy in the prevention and treatment of ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW).Methods:Ninety-six critically ill patients were randomly divided into a control group, a rehabilitation group, and a combination group, each of 32. All received routine treatment and care, but the rehabilitation group and the combination group received earlier rehabilitation and the combination group early rehabilitation + local vibration therapy. Before and after 2 weeks of the treatments, the incidence of ICU-AW was recorded, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) scoring was performed and ultrasound was used to detect the rehabilitation effect. The incidence of adverse events was also recorded.Results:The incidence of ICU-AW was significantly lower in the combination group than among the rehabilitation group, while that of the rehabilitation group was significantly lower than among the control group. The APACHE II scores showed the same progression. The thickness, cross-sectional area, muscle echo, and diaphragm thickness and activity of the rectus femoris, rectus abdominis, and biceps brachii muscles in the combination group were, on average, significantly better than among the rehabilitation group, but with the rehabilitation group′s results significantly better than among the control group. The average mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay of patients in the combination group were significantly shorter than the rehabilitation group′s averages, which in turn were significantly shorter than those of the control group. The combination group′s average Barthel Index after the experiment was significantly higher than that of the rehabilitation group, which was in turn significantly higher than the control group′s average. The incidence of adverse events in the combination group was significantly lower than in the rehabilitation group, with that of the latter significantly lower than among the control group.Conclusions:Combining local vibration therapy with early rehabilitation is beneficial for the safe prevention and treatment of ICU-AW.

Objective To assess the prognostic value of serum lysine hydroxylase 3(PLOD3)and cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1)in predicting the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy in patients with pulmonary metastases.Methods A total of 102 patients with lung metastases who underwent three-dimensional brachytherapy at our hospital were selected as the lung metastasis group from August 2021 to August 2023.During the same period,a control group consisting of 60 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations was selected.The lung metastasis group was further divided into an effective group(n=66)and an ineffective group(n=36)based on therapeutic outcomes.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1.Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy in the lung metastasis group.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to assess the predictive value of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 for treatment efficacy.Results The levels of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 in the case group were(34.47±6.17)μg/L,(27.85±5.14)μg/L,respectively,which exhibited significantly higher values compared to those observed in the control group(7.26±2.21)μg/L,(9.31±2.46)μg/L(P<0.05).A positive correlation was found between serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 in the Lung metastasis group(r=0.667,P=0.000).Logistic regression analysis revealed that multiple metastatic lesions along with elevated serum levels of PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 were identified as risk factors for the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy in patients with lung metastases(P<0.05).Furthermore,when combined with three-dimensional brachytherapy,the area under the curve(AUC)for serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 was calcu-lated as 0.868,demonstrating a superior performance compared to individual measurements of either serum PLOD3 alone(AUC=0.815)or CYFRA21-1 alone(P<0.05).Conclusions The levels of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 are elevated in patients with lung metastases,exhibiting a significant correlation with the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy.The combined utilization of these two biomarkers demonstrates a robust predictive value for treatment efficacy in patients suffering from lung metastases.

Objective To assess the prognostic value of serum lysine hydroxylase 3(PLOD3)and cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1)in predicting the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy in patients with pulmonary metastases.Methods A total of 102 patients with lung metastases who underwent three-dimensional brachytherapy at our hospital were selected as the lung metastasis group from August 2021 to August 2023.During the same period,a control group consisting of 60 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations was selected.The lung metastasis group was further divided into an effective group(n=66)and an ineffective group(n=36)based on therapeutic outcomes.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1.Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy in the lung metastasis group.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to assess the predictive value of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 for treatment efficacy.Results The levels of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 in the case group were(34.47±6.17)μg/L,(27.85±5.14)μg/L,respectively,which exhibited significantly higher values compared to those observed in the control group(7.26±2.21)μg/L,(9.31±2.46)μg/L(P<0.05).A positive correlation was found between serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 in the Lung metastasis group(r=0.667,P=0.000).Logistic regression analysis revealed that multiple metastatic lesions along with elevated serum levels of PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 were identified as risk factors for the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy in patients with lung metastases(P<0.05).Furthermore,when combined with three-dimensional brachytherapy,the area under the curve(AUC)for serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 was calcu-lated as 0.868,demonstrating a superior performance compared to individual measurements of either serum PLOD3 alone(AUC=0.815)or CYFRA21-1 alone(P<0.05).Conclusions The levels of serum PLOD3 and CYFRA21-1 are elevated in patients with lung metastases,exhibiting a significant correlation with the efficacy of three-dimensional brachytherapy.The combined utilization of these two biomarkers demonstrates a robust predictive value for treatment efficacy in patients suffering from lung metastases.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of supplementing early rehabilitation with local vibration therapy in the prevention and treatment of ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW).Methods:Ninety-six critically ill patients were randomly divided into a control group, a rehabilitation group, and a combination group, each of 32. All received routine treatment and care, but the rehabilitation group and the combination group received earlier rehabilitation and the combination group early rehabilitation + local vibration therapy. Before and after 2 weeks of the treatments, the incidence of ICU-AW was recorded, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) scoring was performed and ultrasound was used to detect the rehabilitation effect. The incidence of adverse events was also recorded.Results:The incidence of ICU-AW was significantly lower in the combination group than among the rehabilitation group, while that of the rehabilitation group was significantly lower than among the control group. The APACHE II scores showed the same progression. The thickness, cross-sectional area, muscle echo, and diaphragm thickness and activity of the rectus femoris, rectus abdominis, and biceps brachii muscles in the combination group were, on average, significantly better than among the rehabilitation group, but with the rehabilitation group′s results significantly better than among the control group. The average mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay of patients in the combination group were significantly shorter than the rehabilitation group′s averages, which in turn were significantly shorter than those of the control group. The combination group′s average Barthel Index after the experiment was significantly higher than that of the rehabilitation group, which was in turn significantly higher than the control group′s average. The incidence of adverse events in the combination group was significantly lower than in the rehabilitation group, with that of the latter significantly lower than among the control group.Conclusions:Combining local vibration therapy with early rehabilitation is beneficial for the safe prevention and treatment of ICU-AW.

Objective:To compare the safety and efficacy of high-dose- rate interstitial brachytherapy and particle implantation radiotherapy in the treatment of lymph nodes with pelvic metastases in the field after external radiotherapy.Methods:Clinical data of 42 patients with residual or newly metastatic pelvic lymph nodes after radiotherapy at Cangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital who met the inclusion criteria from January 2017 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 12 patients were male and 30 females, aged 39-82 years, (61.6±9.64) years on average. According to the treatment method, all patients were divided into the high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy group ( n=18) and particle implantation radiotherapy group ( n=24). During 3-year follow-up, the local control rate (LCR), incidence of complications and overall survival (OS) were compared between two groups. Age and operation time conforming to normal distribution were analyzed by t-test. The remaining indexes were analyzed by the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The OS and LCR were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results:There was no significant difference in baseline data between two groups (all P>0.05). The operation time in the high-dose- rate interstitial brachytherapy group was longer than that in the particle implantation radiotherapy group [(66.39±11.07) : (45.75±9.19) min, P<0.001]. During subsequent follow-up, there was no significant difference in the LCR between two groups (1-year LCR 88.9% vs. 87.5%, P=0.927; 2-year LCR 72.2% vs. 62.5%, P=0.874). There was no significant difference in the median OS between two groups (31.6 vs. 29.8 months, P=0.798). There was no significant difference in the incidence of early complications between two groups [ (4/18) vs. 5/24 (20.8%), P=1.000]. No late complications observed. Conclusion:High-dose- rate interstitial brachytherapy yields equivalent efficacy and safety to particle implantation radiotherapy in the treatment of lymph nodes with pelvic metastases.

Objective To investigate the effects of long-term exposure to three new types of light emitting diode (LED) sources on the behavior, learning, and memory of rats. Methods A total of 160 specific pathogen-free SD rats were divided into eight groups as followed, trichromatic fluorescent lamps color temperature control group, violet-chip full-spectrum white LED group, blue-chip white LED group, and blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group based on the light sources types, with color temperature of 4 000 K and 6 500 K groups in each group using the 4×2 factorial design. There were 20 rats in each group, with half of the rats were males and half females. Rats were exposed to artificial lighting, and the illumination was set at 750 lx. The rats in each group were exposed to different lighting environments for 12 hours per day for 24 weeks. The open-field and step-down tests were conducted in rats after 24 weeks exposure, followed by sacrifice of rats and measurement of organ coefficients. Differences in body weight, organ coefficients, and neurobehavioral indexes of rats in different groups were compared. Results The spleen coefficient of female rats decreased in blue-chip white LED of 6 500 K color temperature group, and the liver coefficient of male rats decreased in the violet-chip full-spectrum white LED of 4 000 K color temperature, blue-chip full-spectrum white LED of 4 000 K color temperature, and blue-chip full-spectrum white LED of 6 500 K color temperature groups, compared with the same-sex rats in trichromatic fluorescent lamps with same-color temperature control group (all P<0.05). The result of different types of light sources compared in the open-field test showed that the index of total distance and movement speed of female rats in the blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group were lower than those in the other three groups, and the time cost to the central area was longer than that in the blue-chip white LED group and the violet-chip full-spectrum white LED group (all P<0.05). The total distance and movement speed of male rats in the blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group were longer or higher than those in the violet-chip full-spectrum white LED group (all P<0.05). Based on the comparison of color temperature, the time and total distance of male rats in 6 500 K color temperature group were lower than that in the 4 000 K color temperature group (both P<0.05). In the step-down test, both male and female rats in the blue-chip full-spectrum white LED group made more errors compared with other three groups with the same gender (all P<0.05). Conclusion Based on the experimental conditions of this study, the blue-chip full-spectrum white light LED affects behavior, learning and memory of the rats, and trichromatic fluorescent lamp has the lowest effect on neurobehavior. The color temperature also affects behavior of the rats, and high color temperature has higher risk.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of serum microRNA-326(miR-326)and microRNA-623(miR-623)in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients and their clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis.Methods A total of 114 NSCLC patients diagnosed in our hospital from March 2019 to June 2020 were collected as study subjects as case group,123 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were as the control group.According to the 3-year prognosis,patients were separated into a survival group of 71 cases and a death group of 43 cases.Patient related clinical data were collected,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method was applied to detect the expression levels of miR-326 and miR-623 in various serum samples;Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze the relationship between the expression levels of serum miR-326 and miR-623 in NSCLC patients and their 3-year prognosis;Cox proportional risk regression model was applied to analyze the influencing factors of 3-year prognosis in NSCLC patients.Results The expression levels of serum miR-326 in the case group and control group were 0.64±0.15 and 1.02±0.23,respectively,and the expression levels of miR-623 were 0.56±0.10 and 0.98±0.15,respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The proportions of patients with low expression of miR-326 and miR-623 in low differentiation,TNM stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ,and lymph node metastasis were higher than those in high differentiation,TNM stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and no lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rates of patients with low expression of miR-326(20/55,36.36％)and miR-623(27/61,44.26％)in the serum of NSCLC patients were lower than those of patients with high expression of miR-326(51/59,86.44％)and miR-623(44/53,83.02％)(Log Rank x2=32.060,22.812,P＜0.05).Serum miR-326[(0.55±0.09)vs.(0.69±0.11)]and miR-623 levels[(0.48±0.08)vs.(0.61±0.10)]of patients in the death group were significantly lower than those in the survival group(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)for poor prognosis of serum miR-326 and miR-623 alone and in combination in patients diagnosed with NSCLC were 0.828(95％CI:0.754 to 0.901),0.763(95％CI:0.671 to 0.855),and 0.903(95％CI:0.849 to 0.958),respectively.The proportions of patients with TNM stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ,lymph node metastasis,low expression of miR-326 and low expression of miR-623in the death group were higher than those in the survival group(P＜0.05).MiR-326 and miR-623 were protective factors affecting 3-year mortality in NSCLC patients,while TNM staging and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors affecting 3-year mortality in NSCLC patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The low expression of miR-326 and miR-623 may be involved in the occurrence and development of lung cancer,which is closely related to the clinical pathological characteristics and poor prognosis of patients.

Objective To explore the pathogenic roles of miR-21, estrogen (E2), and estrogen receptor (ER) in adenomyosis. Methods We examined the expression levels of miR-21 in specimens of adenomyotic tissue and benign cervical lesions using qRT-PCR. In primary cultures of cells isolated from the adenomyosis lesions, the effect of ICI82780 (an ER inhibitor) on miR-21 expression levels prior to E2 activation or after E2 deprivation were examined with qRT-PCR. We further assessed the effects of a miR-21 mimic or an inhibitor on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and autophagy of the cells. Results The expression level of miR-21 was significantly higher in adenomyosis tissues than in normal myometrium (P<0.05). In the cells isolated from adenomyosis lesions, miR-21 expression level was significantly higher in E2 activation group than in ER inhibition+E2 activation group and the control group (P<0.05);miR-21 expression level was significantly lower in cells in E2 deprivation+ER inhibition group than in E2 deprivation group and the control group (P<0.05). The adenomyosis cells transfected with miR-21 inhibitor showed inhibited proliferation and migration, expansion of mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum, increased lysosomes, presence of autophagosomes, and increased cell apoptosis, while transfection of the cells with the miR-21 mimic produced the opposite effects. Conclusion MiR-21 plays an important role in promoting proliferation, migration, and anti-apoptosis in adenomyosis cells by altering the cell ultrastructure, which may contribute to early pathogenesis of the disease. In addition to binding with E2, ER can also regulate miR-21 through other pathways to participate in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis, thus having a stronger regulatory effect on miR-21 than E2.

Objective To explore the pathogenic roles of miR-21, estrogen (E2), and estrogen receptor (ER) in adenomyosis. Methods We examined the expression levels of miR-21 in specimens of adenomyotic tissue and benign cervical lesions using qRT-PCR. In primary cultures of cells isolated from the adenomyosis lesions, the effect of ICI82780 (an ER inhibitor) on miR-21 expression levels prior to E2 activation or after E2 deprivation were examined with qRT-PCR. We further assessed the effects of a miR-21 mimic or an inhibitor on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and autophagy of the cells. Results The expression level of miR-21 was significantly higher in adenomyosis tissues than in normal myometrium (P<0.05). In the cells isolated from adenomyosis lesions, miR-21 expression level was significantly higher in E2 activation group than in ER inhibition+E2 activation group and the control group (P<0.05);miR-21 expression level was significantly lower in cells in E2 deprivation+ER inhibition group than in E2 deprivation group and the control group (P<0.05). The adenomyosis cells transfected with miR-21 inhibitor showed inhibited proliferation and migration, expansion of mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum, increased lysosomes, presence of autophagosomes, and increased cell apoptosis, while transfection of the cells with the miR-21 mimic produced the opposite effects. Conclusion MiR-21 plays an important role in promoting proliferation, migration, and anti-apoptosis in adenomyosis cells by altering the cell ultrastructure, which may contribute to early pathogenesis of the disease. In addition to binding with E2, ER can also regulate miR-21 through other pathways to participate in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis, thus having a stronger regulatory effect on miR-21 than E2.