Objective To develop and validate a model to predict the risk of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) and assess its clinical feasibility. Methods Clinical data from 125 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were included in the study. The patients were divided into training group (88 cases) and validation group (38 cases). Key predictive factors were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses combined with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. A predictive model was constructed and evaluated using a nomogram, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. Results The key variables identified by the model were tumor volume (P = 0.017), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score (P = 0.035), 95% of the minimum dose to the target volume (P = 0.028), percentage of bilateral lung volume receiving 20 Gy of radiation (P < 0.001), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.021). The ROC curve showed that the areas under the curve (AUC) for the model in the training and validation groups were 0.987 and 0.992, respectively, indicating good predictive ability. The calibration curve and decision curve further confirmed the accuracy and clinical practicability of the model. Conclusion The predictive model proposed in this study can accurately assess the risk of developing RILI in patients with NSCLC who have undergone radiotherapy, demonstrating its potential value in clinical practice.

Objective To conduct an in-depth analysis and feature extraction of the transcriptomics data of 10 types of cancers in order to realize the staging diagnosis of cancer samples.Methods The transcriptomics data of the top 10 cancers having the highest incidence were amassed from the UCSC Xena website,which comprised 4 938 samples and 59 428 genes.With the aid of variational autoencoder,we developed an incremental feature ranking and selection variational autoencoder(IFRSVAE)based on feature importance ranking and incorporating the masking algorithm and the Incremental Feature Selection(IFS).Subsequently,the performance efficiency of our IFRSVAE model was evaluated in conjunction with Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),and eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGboost),and it was also compared with other methods.Results Our research extracted 21 features for the ensuing classification.In comparison to the conventional variational autoencoder,recursive feature elimination,and Lasso regression models,the IFRSVAE model attained more favorable performance across all 3 classifiers(highest AUC value,and well performed other indicators).Notably,the IFRSVAE-RF exhibited the most outstanding performance,with an AUC value reaching 85.49%(95%CI:83.24%～87.74%).Moreover,Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)interpretable model illustrated well contributions of the features in our model.Conclusion Our developed IFRSVAE shows certain effectiveness in feature extraction.The constructed IFRSVAE-RF model demonstrates relatively good performance in the task of cancer staging diagnosis,which providing a new and referable idea for research orientation of deep-learning-based diagnostic methods for cancer staging.

【Objective】 To investigate the feasibility of allogeneic platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of skin injury around enterostomy. 【Methods】 The treatment process by PRP of 2 patients with skin injury around enterostomy was analyzed, and the PRP for each patient was tested with platelet count, bacteria and 5 growth factors. The clinical efficacy of enteral nutrition support therapy combined with allogeneic PRP was explored through analyzing treatment key points and literature review. 【Results】 After cleaning the skin around enterostomy, the patients were treated with PRP once daily for 5 days, adjusted to once every other day, and cure was achieved at 15 and 18 days, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Allogeneic PRP is a safe and effective treatment to promote skin injury around enterostomy regeneration in a short time, which can provide a new perspective for clinical.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.04.021.].

Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestation and imaging of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system and explore the potential etiology.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 7 patients diagnosed as superficial siderosis of the central nervous system in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2013 to November 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The etiology and follow-up prognosis through phone call were analyzed.Results:There were 7 patients included (3 male and 4 female) with an average age of 53 years (41-58 years). The cardinal manifestations were sensorineural deafness (all 7 cases), cerebellar ataxia (all 7 cases) and pyramidal signs (all 7 cases). Dizziness (6 cases), bladder disturbance (5 cases), headache (3 cases), double vision (2 cases) and congnitive impairment (1 case) could also happen. Magnetic resonance imaging showed symmetrical well-defined curvilinear homogeneous low signal on T 2 or blood-sensitive sequences (T 2* gradient echo or susceptibility-weighted imaging) over the superficial surface of cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord or cranio-cervical junction. All the 7 patients showed cerebellar atrophy especially the upper vermis. The potential causes included trauma history in 3 cases, intraspinal fluid-filled collection which indicated dural defect or duropathologies in 3 cases, intraspinal mass in 1 case and vertebral and disc degeneration in all 7 patients. The 5 patients who successsfully got follow-up showed exacerbation of variable degree. Conclusions:Classical superficial siderosis of the central nervous system is a rare disease with cardinal manifestation of progressive ataxia, sensorineural deafness and pyramidal signs. T 2WI of magnetic resonance imaging showing low signal over the superficial surface of cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord could indicate the diagnosis, and blood-sensitive sequences such as T 2* gradient echo or susceptibility-weighted imaging were more sensitive. Duropathologies or dural defect may be the most probable causes of the disease and should be examined and treated carefully.

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) can lead to lower back pain and may be even accompanied by scoliosis, neurological dysfunction and other complications, which will affect the daily activities and life quality of patients. Vertebral augmentation is an effective treatment method for OVCF, but it cannot correct unbalance of bone metabolism or improve the osteoporotic status, causing complications like lower back pain, limited spinal activities and vertebral refracture. The post-operative systematic and standardized rehabilitation treatments can improve curative effect and therapeutic efficacy of anti-osteoporosis, reduce risk of vertebral refracture, increase patient compliance and improve quality of life. Since there still lack relevant clinical treatment guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation treatments following vertebral augmentation for OVCF, the current treatments are varied with uneven therapeutic effect. In order to standardize the postoperative rehabilitation treatment, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized relevant experts to refer to relevant literature and develop the "Guideline for postoperative rehabilitation treatment following vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (2022 version)" based on the clinical guidelines published by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) as well as on the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement. The guideline provided evidence-based recommendations on 10 important issues related to postoperative rehabilitation treatments of OVCF.

Currently, HIV-1 vaccine development has still been a hot pot in the AIDS research. HIV-1 glycoprotein Env is the sole target in the virion surface that mediates the membrane fusion between the virion and cell in the HIV-1 infection process. Env protein is the significant immunogen for HIV-1 vaccine development. In recent years, there have been breakthroughs in the Env trimer research. For example, the strategies including SOSIP, NFL2P, and UFO had been applied to design and generate HIV-1 Env trimer. The improvement of quantity and stability is beneficial to achieve the HIV-1 native-like Env trimer for elicitation of strong neutralizing antibody responsing in animal immunization. This review focuses on the different strategies for Env trimer design and compares their advantages and disadvantages, combining with our work to give some advice, which might provide relevant information for the future HIV-1 immunogen design.

Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses occasionally cause epidemics and pandemics worldwide, such as the on-going outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we identified two potent inhibitors of human DHODH, S312 and S416, with favorable drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic profiles, which all showed broad-spectrum antiviral effects against various RNA viruses, including influenza A virus, Zika virus, Ebola virus, and particularly against SARS-CoV-2. Notably, S416 is reported to be the most potent inhibitor so far with an EC of 17 nmol/L and an SI value of 10,505.88 in infected cells. Our results are the first to validate that DHODH is an attractive host target through high antiviral efficacy in vivo and low virus replication in DHODH knock-out cells. This work demonstrates that both S312/S416 and old drugs (Leflunomide/Teriflunomide) with dual actions of antiviral and immuno-regulation may have clinical potentials to cure SARS-CoV-2 or other RNA viruses circulating worldwide, no matter such viruses are mutated or not.
Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Binding Sites ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Coronavirus Infections ; drug therapy ; virology ; Crotonates ; pharmacology ; Cytokine Release Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; drug effects ; Leflunomide ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; drug therapy ; Oseltamivir ; therapeutic use ; Oxidoreductases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; virology ; Protein Binding ; drug effects ; Pyrimidines ; biosynthesis ; RNA Viruses ; drug effects ; physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Toluidines ; pharmacology ; Ubiquinone ; metabolism ; Virus Replication ; drug effects