Nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), predominantly affecting the elderly, can lead to intractable pain, vertebral collapse, progressive kyphotic deformity, and neurological impairment, significantly compromising patients′ quality of life. There exists considerable debate on diagnosis and management of OVF, encompassing key issues such as clinical diagnosis and staging criteria for nonunion, surgical indications and procedure selection, and postoperative rehabilitation planning. Currently, there lacks standardized clinical guideline and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of OVF nonunion in China. To address this gap, Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Osteoporosis Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee for Osteoporosis of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine and Minimally Invasive Orthopedic Surgery Branch of China Association for Geriatric Care jointly organized domestic experts in spinal surgery, endocrinology, and rehabilitation to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures ( version 2025), based on existing literature and clinical experience and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and practicality. The guideline provided 13 evidence-based recommendations encompassing diagnosis and treatment of OVF nonunion, aiming to standardize its clinical management.

Objective:To analyze the spatiotemporal correlation between the surveillance data of influenza in students reported by medical institutions and school absenteeism due to illness, and evaluate the application of Bayesian Structural Time Series model (BSTS) in the prediction of school influenza epidemic.Methods:A total of 13 schools in Dapeng new district of Shenzhen were selected. The incidence data of influenza in schools in Shenzhen from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019 were collected from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the illness related school absentence data during this period were collected from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System, and the spatiotemporal correlation between the data from two systems was analyzed and compared. BSTS was used to make long-term predictions of the monthly incidence of influenza in students in 2019 and short-term predictions of the weekly incidence of influenza in week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019 by using the data from two systems.Results:There was a temporal correlation between the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the data from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System ( r=0.93, P<0.001), and the lag of the former one was 1 day ( r=0.73, P<0.001). Influenza outbreaks were randomly distributed in different schools in Shenzhen, and there was no spatial correlation. The root mean square error ( RMSE) and mean absolute error ( MAE) were 0.35 and 0.28, respectively, in the long-term prediction, and the RMSE was 0.33 and 0.34, and the MAE was 0.26 and 0.28, respectively, in the short-term predictions of week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019, respectively, showing good prediction accuracy and fitting effect. Conclusion:By analyzing the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System with BSTS, the dynamics of the school influenza epidemic can be accurately predicted, and effective technical support can be provided for the early warning and prevention and control of influenza epidemic.

This study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of the combined ac-tion of high-fat diet-induced obesity and the aflatoxin B1(AFB1)on hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.Thirty-six rats of similar weight and 4 weeks old were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 9 rats in each group:the blank control group(basal diet),the AFB1 group(0.4 mg/kg AFB1+basal diet),the HFD group(high-fat diet),and the HFD+AFB1 group(high-fat diet+0.4 mg/kg AFB1).Histological changes and lipid deposition were observed via hematox-ylin-eosin(HE)staining and Oil Red O staining.Levels of oxidative stress and inflammation-relat-ed factors were measured using commercial assay kits.The relative protein expression levels of factors involved in the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway were assessed by Western blot analysis.The HE staining results showed that in the AFB1 group,the liver cells exhibited widespread watery de-generation,with shrunk and ruptured nuclei,inflammatory cells infiltration,and increased fibrosis.In the HFD group,liver cell fatty degeneration was observed,with cytoplasmic lipid droplet infil-tration.In the portal area,liver fibrosis was seen,with liver cell necrosis and inflammatory cell in-filtration in the fibrotic area,accompanied by lipofuscous granules.When HFD was applied to the AFB1 group,the abnormal state of liver interstitial and interstitial spaces was further aggravated,and a large number of lipid droplets appeared.The Oil Red O staining results showed that there were large numbers of dark red lipid droplets in the liver tissue of the HFD group,which were fused in strands.In the AFB1 group,lipid droplets could also be observed in the liver tissue of rats,but the number and degree were significantly less than those in the HFD group.The number and degree of red lipid droplets in the liver tissue of rats in the HFD+AFB1 group were higher than those in the AFB1 group and the HFD group.HFD exacerbated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by elevating ROS,MDA levels,and decreasing the expression of antioxidant stress factors such as CAT,SOD,Nrf2,HO-1,NQO1,and GCLC.Furthermore,the combined effect of HFD and AFB1 further significantly increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1β in the body.In summary,HFD treatment significantly exacerbated liver oxidative stress and in-flammatory responses in rats exposed to AFB1 through the Nrf2-keap1 signaling pathway.

Objective:To analyze the spatiotemporal correlation between the surveillance data of influenza in students reported by medical institutions and school absenteeism due to illness, and evaluate the application of Bayesian Structural Time Series model (BSTS) in the prediction of school influenza epidemic.Methods:A total of 13 schools in Dapeng new district of Shenzhen were selected. The incidence data of influenza in schools in Shenzhen from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019 were collected from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the illness related school absentence data during this period were collected from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System, and the spatiotemporal correlation between the data from two systems was analyzed and compared. BSTS was used to make long-term predictions of the monthly incidence of influenza in students in 2019 and short-term predictions of the weekly incidence of influenza in week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019 by using the data from two systems.Results:There was a temporal correlation between the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the data from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System ( r=0.93, P<0.001), and the lag of the former one was 1 day ( r=0.73, P<0.001). Influenza outbreaks were randomly distributed in different schools in Shenzhen, and there was no spatial correlation. The root mean square error ( RMSE) and mean absolute error ( MAE) were 0.35 and 0.28, respectively, in the long-term prediction, and the RMSE was 0.33 and 0.34, and the MAE was 0.26 and 0.28, respectively, in the short-term predictions of week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019, respectively, showing good prediction accuracy and fitting effect. Conclusion:By analyzing the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System with BSTS, the dynamics of the school influenza epidemic can be accurately predicted, and effective technical support can be provided for the early warning and prevention and control of influenza epidemic.

This study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of the combined ac-tion of high-fat diet-induced obesity and the aflatoxin B1(AFB1)on hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.Thirty-six rats of similar weight and 4 weeks old were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 9 rats in each group:the blank control group(basal diet),the AFB1 group(0.4 mg/kg AFB1+basal diet),the HFD group(high-fat diet),and the HFD+AFB1 group(high-fat diet+0.4 mg/kg AFB1).Histological changes and lipid deposition were observed via hematox-ylin-eosin(HE)staining and Oil Red O staining.Levels of oxidative stress and inflammation-relat-ed factors were measured using commercial assay kits.The relative protein expression levels of factors involved in the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway were assessed by Western blot analysis.The HE staining results showed that in the AFB1 group,the liver cells exhibited widespread watery de-generation,with shrunk and ruptured nuclei,inflammatory cells infiltration,and increased fibrosis.In the HFD group,liver cell fatty degeneration was observed,with cytoplasmic lipid droplet infil-tration.In the portal area,liver fibrosis was seen,with liver cell necrosis and inflammatory cell in-filtration in the fibrotic area,accompanied by lipofuscous granules.When HFD was applied to the AFB1 group,the abnormal state of liver interstitial and interstitial spaces was further aggravated,and a large number of lipid droplets appeared.The Oil Red O staining results showed that there were large numbers of dark red lipid droplets in the liver tissue of the HFD group,which were fused in strands.In the AFB1 group,lipid droplets could also be observed in the liver tissue of rats,but the number and degree were significantly less than those in the HFD group.The number and degree of red lipid droplets in the liver tissue of rats in the HFD+AFB1 group were higher than those in the AFB1 group and the HFD group.HFD exacerbated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by elevating ROS,MDA levels,and decreasing the expression of antioxidant stress factors such as CAT,SOD,Nrf2,HO-1,NQO1,and GCLC.Furthermore,the combined effect of HFD and AFB1 further significantly increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1β in the body.In summary,HFD treatment significantly exacerbated liver oxidative stress and in-flammatory responses in rats exposed to AFB1 through the Nrf2-keap1 signaling pathway.

Nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), predominantly affecting the elderly, can lead to intractable pain, vertebral collapse, progressive kyphotic deformity, and neurological impairment, significantly compromising patients′ quality of life. There exists considerable debate on diagnosis and management of OVF, encompassing key issues such as clinical diagnosis and staging criteria for nonunion, surgical indications and procedure selection, and postoperative rehabilitation planning. Currently, there lacks standardized clinical guideline and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of OVF nonunion in China. To address this gap, Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Osteoporosis Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee for Osteoporosis of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine and Minimally Invasive Orthopedic Surgery Branch of China Association for Geriatric Care jointly organized domestic experts in spinal surgery, endocrinology, and rehabilitation to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures ( version 2025), based on existing literature and clinical experience and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and practicality. The guideline provided 13 evidence-based recommendations encompassing diagnosis and treatment of OVF nonunion, aiming to standardize its clinical management.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.04.021.].

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) can lead to lower back pain and may be even accompanied by scoliosis, neurological dysfunction and other complications, which will affect the daily activities and life quality of patients. Vertebral augmentation is an effective treatment method for OVCF, but it cannot correct unbalance of bone metabolism or improve the osteoporotic status, causing complications like lower back pain, limited spinal activities and vertebral refracture. The post-operative systematic and standardized rehabilitation treatments can improve curative effect and therapeutic efficacy of anti-osteoporosis, reduce risk of vertebral refracture, increase patient compliance and improve quality of life. Since there still lack relevant clinical treatment guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation treatments following vertebral augmentation for OVCF, the current treatments are varied with uneven therapeutic effect. In order to standardize the postoperative rehabilitation treatment, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized relevant experts to refer to relevant literature and develop the "Guideline for postoperative rehabilitation treatment following vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (2022 version)" based on the clinical guidelines published by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) as well as on the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement. The guideline provided evidence-based recommendations on 10 important issues related to postoperative rehabilitation treatments of OVCF.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of the distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation and the splenectomy in pancreatic tail for the treatment of benign and borderline tumor. Methods A total of 37 patients with pancreatic benign and borderline tumor from January 2012 to De-cember 2014 in our hospital were treated by laparoscopic surgery.Eleven cases were received distal pan-createctomy with spleen preservation(spleen preserving group)and 26 cases were received resection of pancreatic tail with spleen containing(splenectomy group).Results The operation time of spleen preser-ving group and splenectomy group were(165.34 ± 12.25)mins and(170.72 ± 14.37)mins(P>0.05). The blood loss in the preserving spleen group(108.52 ± 13.11)ml was significantly less than that in the splenectomy group(186.25 ± 17.43)ml(P <0.05).The hospitalization time of the preserving spleen group(10.16 ± 2.11)d was significantly shorter than that of the splenectomy group(12.78 ± 2.78)d(P<0.05).The use of Octreotide in the preserving spleen group(11.45 ± 3.75)mg was significantly less than that in the splenectomy group(16.75 ± 5.75)mg(P <0.01).All patients were followed up for three years.The disease free survival(DFS)in the spleen preserving group was higher than that in the splenecto-my group(100% vs.88.46%)with P<0.05.Conclusion The distal pancreatectomy with spleen preser-vation is safe,effective and suitable for pancreatic benign and borderline tumors.

Objective To compare and analyze clinical effects of Bipolar transurethral plasma kinetic enucleation of prostate (PKEP) and transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP) on the treatment huge benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods Nine-six cases of huge benign prostatic hyperplasia were selected in this hospital from March 2012 to March 2015.All the patients were divided into two groups according to different operation method,namely PKEP group and TURP group.Then the operative time,bleeding amount,bladder washing time,hospital stay,complications between two groups were compared,and the international prostate symptom score (IPSS),quality of life score (QOL),maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax),residual urine volume 6 months before and after operation were compared between the two groups.Results The operative time [(100.0 ± 3.5)min],bleeding amount [(161.0 ± 9.2) mL],bladder washing time[(15.2 ± 1.2) h],hospital stay[(10.8 ± 2.6) d],complications (6 cases) in PKEP group were less than that in the TURP group,which were(132.0±4.2)min,(198.0±12.1)mL,(36.8±1.3)h,(13.6±2.9)d,complications (18 cases)respectively(P＜0.05).The IPSS,QOL,Qmax,residual urine volume in both group were significantly improved compared with surgery before(P＜0.05),and there were no significant differences between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion PKEP and TURP both are effective surgeries for the treatment of huge BPH,while PKEP has short operation time,less intraoperarive bleeding and low incidence of complications,it is worthy of further clinical promotion.