Objective: To explore the effects of microwave radiation on cognitive function and neuroinflammation in mice with experimental periodontitis, providing experimental evidence for understanding how environmental exposure may be linked to the risk of neurodegenerative diseases by modulating chronic inflammation as a shared pathological mechanism Methods: This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a control group (C group, untreated), a microwave radiation group (R group, exposed to microwave radiation only), a periodontitis group (P group, ligation-induced periodontitis only), and a periodontitis + microwave radiation group (PR group, ligation-induced periodontitis plus microwave radiation exposure). A periodontitis model was established using the silk ligation method. Eight weeks after modeling, the R and PR groups were subjected to whole-body microwave radiation at 2 800 MHz and 10 mW/cm2 for 10 h/day for 7 consecutive days. Behavioral tests were conducted: the open field test and elevated plus maze test were used to assess anxiety-like behavior, the Y-maze test to evaluate spatial memory, and the novel object recognition test to assess learning and memory abilities. Micro-CT, hematoxylin & eosin staining (HE), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to analyze periodontal tissue pathology and local inflammation. Serum and brain levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The composition of the oral microbiota was analyzed based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Behavioral tests showed that anxiety-like behavior was significantly exacerbated in the R and PR groups, and spatial and recognition memory impairments in the PR and P groups were more severe compared with the R and C groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Histological and molecular biological analyses revealed that periodontal inflammation infiltration, alveolar bone resorption, and local expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) were further exacerbated in the PR and P groups compared with the R and C groups, respectively (P < 0.05). ELISA results showed that in serum, LPS levels in group P and group PR were increased compared with group C and group R, respectively. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in group PR were significantly higher than those in group P and group R, with a synergistic increase in TNF-α level (P < 0.05). In brain tissue, LPS and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels in group P were significantly higher than those in group C; all the above indicators in group PR were significantly higher than those in group P and group R, and LPS and IL-6 levels showed a synergistic increase (P < 0.05). Oral microbiota analysis found that microwave radiation further reduced microbial diversity on the basis of periodontitis, leading to increased relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Enterococcus, and decreased relative abundances of Staphylococcus. Correlation analysis confirmed that these differential bacterial genera were positively correlated with brain inflammation levels and negatively correlated with cognitive function indicators. Conclusion Microwave radiation exposure can exacerbate cognitive impairment in mice with experimental periodontitis, and its mechanism may be related to aggravated local periodontal damage, disruption of oral microbiota homeostasis, and subsequent induction of systemic and central neuroinflammatory cascades.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR) for organ failure in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods:The clinical data of 128 patients with AP from January 2021 to January 2024 in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 68 patients developed organ failure (failure group), and 60 patients did not develop organ failure (non-failure group). The inflammatory indexes on admission were compared between the two groups. The severity of illness was evaluated by acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA). Pearson method was employed for correlation analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to analyze the efficacy of PAR in predicting organ failure in patients with AP.Results:The APACHE Ⅱ, SOFA, white blood cell, platelet, red blood cell distribution width, C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and PAR in failure group were significantly higher than those in non-failure group: (25.91 ± 1.46) scores vs. (20.98 ± 1.46) scores, (7.03 ± 0.17) scores vs. (5.51 ± 0.33) scores, (11.22 ± 1.77) × 10 9/L vs. (9.32 ± 1.81) × 10 9/L, (200.12 ± 24.11) × 10 9/L vs. (173.18 ± 17.19) × 10 9/L, 0.134 ± 0.007 vs. 0.112 ± 0.007, (64.12 ± 7.38) mg/L vs. (46.93 ± 9.07) mg/L,(7.23 ± 1.09) mmol/L vs. (6.56 ± 0.87) mmol/L, (6.46 ± 1.17) mmol/L vs. (3.91 ± 0.39) mmol/L, (207.32 ± 74.29) ng/L vs. (109.27 ± 33.55) ng/L and 5.79 ± 0.98 vs. 4.30 ± 0.79, the serum calcium and albumin were significantly lower than those in non-failure group: (1.58 ± 0.09) mmol/L vs. (2.19 ± 0.32) mmol/L and (35.04 ± 4.05) g/L vs. (41.10 ± 5.79) g/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that PAR was positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ, SOFA, white blood cell, platelet, red blood cell distribution width, C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and IL-6 ( r = 0.559, 0.623, 0.237, 0.782, 0.511, 0.392, 0.287, 0.555 and 0.505; P<0.01), and negatively correlated with serum calcium and albumin ( r = - 0.526 and - 0.820, P<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the area under the curve of PAR for predicting organ failure in patients with AP was 0.875 (95% CI 0.818 to 0.933), with an optimal cutoff value of 4.56, sensitivity of 91.2%, and specificity of 66.7%. Conclusions:PAR can effectively predict the occurrence of organ failure in AP patients with high sensitivity, providing certain guiding significance for clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the distribution of common TCM syndromes and symptoms of insomnia;To prepare for the construction of the theoretical framework and item pool of syndrome diagnosis and efficacy evaluation scale.Methods TCM guideline standards of insomnia,textbooks and journals over the years were retrieved,the information of TCM syndromes,syndrome elements and symptoms was extracted,the guideline textbook and journal database were established,and descriptive statistics,association rules,systematic clustering,factor analysis,potential categories and implicit structure analysis were carried out.Results Totally 116 guide standards and textbooks over the years were included,and 454 articles of journals were included.The high-frequency symptoms accounted for≥3%of the guide textbooks and journal databases were 87 and 79 categories,respectively,and the cumulative proportion was 87.48%and 87.75%,respectively.According to the analysis results,five common TCM syndromes and their characteristic symptom classification of insomnia were finally deduced.According to the frequency/person time distribution,they were heart and spleen deficiency syndrome,yin deficiency and fire hyperactivity syndrome,liver fire disturbing heart syndrome,phlegm heat disturbing heart syndrome,heart and gallbladder qi deficiency syndrome.Conclusion There are five common TCM syndromes of insomnia,and the characteristic symptoms of each TCM syndrome provide a reference source for the theoretical framework of syndrome diagnosis and efficacy evaluation scale and the establishment of item pool.

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical value of integrin-associated protein 47 (CD47) and soluble programmed death receptor-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).Methods:The method of retrospective study was adopted, 76 patients with ITP admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from July 2016 to July 2022 were regarded as the study group, and another 76 cases of physical examination were regarded as the control group. The levels of serum CD47, sPD-L1, interleukin-33(IL-33) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the diagnostic value of CD47 and sPD-L1 for ITP was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Pearson test was applied to analyze the correlation between serum CD47 and sPD-L1 in ITP patients, multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the risk factors affecting ITP.Results:The levels of serum CD47, sPD-L1 and IL-33 in the study group were higher than those in the control group: (40.31 ± 6.59) μg/L vs. (32.16 ± 6.33) μg/L, (78.42 ± 10.22) ng/L vs. (64.49 ± 10.36) ng/L, (73.29 ± 14.26) ng/L vs. (26.54 ± 5.16) ng/L; the level of serum TGF-β in the study group was lower than that in the control group: (1 752.66 ± 310.73) ng/L vs. (2 625.88 ± 389.58) ng/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The result of the Pearson test showed that there was a positive correlation between serum CD47 and sPD-L1 in ITP patients ( r = 0.572, P<0.05). The result of the ROC curve showed that the area under the curve predicted by the combination of serum CD47 and sPD-L1 was 0.948 (95% CI 0.916 - 0.979), which was better than that predicted by CD47 and sPD-L1 alone ( P<0.05). The result of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD47, sPD-L1, and IL-33 were the risk factors affecting ITP ( P<0.05), and TGF-β was the protective factor affecting ITP ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The serum levels of CD47 and sPD-L1 in patients with ITP are elevated, and the combined detection of the two indicators has a good diagnostic value for ITP.

To investigate the prevalence of influenza D virus(IDV)in cattle and swine populations in Jilin Province,China,277 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from livestock exhibiting influ-enza-like symptoms for IDV detection.Virus isolation was performed using swine testicular(ST)cells for PCR-positive samples,followed by comprehensive analyses including whole-genome se-quencing,phylogenetic analysis,electron microscopic observation of viral morphology,and glycosy-lation site prediction.Two IDV strains were successfully isolated from bovine samples,designated as D/bovine/China/JL22/2024(JL22)and D/bovine/China/JL34/2024(JL34).These strains were demonstrated to have specific hemagglutination activity against turkey red blood cells,while no he-magglutination to chicken,rabbit,or guinea pig erythrocytes.Virus-inoculated ST cells exhibited distinct cytopathic effects(CPE)within 48 h,with a hemagglutination titer of 4 log2 in the culture supernatant.Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion(HEF)gene indicated that these strains were most closely related to the Japanese isolate D/Yamagata2019,belonging to the YAMA2019 lineage.Genomic sequence analysis showed the absence of genetic reassortment in these isolates.In this study,two IDV strains were successfully isolated and characterized,which provides preliminary insights into their genomic sequences and biological properties.The findings confirm the presence of IDV in bovine populations in Jilin Province and provide the fundamental data for future epidemiological surveillance and control strategies of IDV.

To investigate the prevalence of influenza D virus(IDV)in cattle and swine populations in Jilin Province,China,277 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from livestock exhibiting influ-enza-like symptoms for IDV detection.Virus isolation was performed using swine testicular(ST)cells for PCR-positive samples,followed by comprehensive analyses including whole-genome se-quencing,phylogenetic analysis,electron microscopic observation of viral morphology,and glycosy-lation site prediction.Two IDV strains were successfully isolated from bovine samples,designated as D/bovine/China/JL22/2024(JL22)and D/bovine/China/JL34/2024(JL34).These strains were demonstrated to have specific hemagglutination activity against turkey red blood cells,while no he-magglutination to chicken,rabbit,or guinea pig erythrocytes.Virus-inoculated ST cells exhibited distinct cytopathic effects(CPE)within 48 h,with a hemagglutination titer of 4 log2 in the culture supernatant.Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion(HEF)gene indicated that these strains were most closely related to the Japanese isolate D/Yamagata2019,belonging to the YAMA2019 lineage.Genomic sequence analysis showed the absence of genetic reassortment in these isolates.In this study,two IDV strains were successfully isolated and characterized,which provides preliminary insights into their genomic sequences and biological properties.The findings confirm the presence of IDV in bovine populations in Jilin Province and provide the fundamental data for future epidemiological surveillance and control strategies of IDV.

YTHDF2 is a key m6A RNA modification"reader"that plays a crucial role in cell biological processes and tumor development.This review deeply explores the biological role of YTHDF2 and the advances in its application in tumors.The YTHDF2 structures are divided into mRNA procsomes and YTH domains,which recognize and bind m6A modified RNA molecules.It plays a biological role by promoting mRNA degradation,regu-lating cell signaling pathways and metabolism,and can regulate macrophage function and maintain an immunosup-pressive state in the tumor microenvironment.YTHDF2 has the potential to serve as diagnostic markers,therapeu-tic targets and prognostic evaluation biomarkers in different tumors,but currently relevant studies are insufficient in sample size,molecular mechanism and clinical application.In the future,research can be conducted on compre-hensive clinical research,in-depth analysis of molecular mechanisms,and research and development of optimized treatment strategies.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR) for organ failure in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods:The clinical data of 128 patients with AP from January 2021 to January 2024 in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 68 patients developed organ failure (failure group), and 60 patients did not develop organ failure (non-failure group). The inflammatory indexes on admission were compared between the two groups. The severity of illness was evaluated by acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA). Pearson method was employed for correlation analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to analyze the efficacy of PAR in predicting organ failure in patients with AP.Results:The APACHE Ⅱ, SOFA, white blood cell, platelet, red blood cell distribution width, C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and PAR in failure group were significantly higher than those in non-failure group: (25.91 ± 1.46) scores vs. (20.98 ± 1.46) scores, (7.03 ± 0.17) scores vs. (5.51 ± 0.33) scores, (11.22 ± 1.77) × 10 9/L vs. (9.32 ± 1.81) × 10 9/L, (200.12 ± 24.11) × 10 9/L vs. (173.18 ± 17.19) × 10 9/L, 0.134 ± 0.007 vs. 0.112 ± 0.007, (64.12 ± 7.38) mg/L vs. (46.93 ± 9.07) mg/L,(7.23 ± 1.09) mmol/L vs. (6.56 ± 0.87) mmol/L, (6.46 ± 1.17) mmol/L vs. (3.91 ± 0.39) mmol/L, (207.32 ± 74.29) ng/L vs. (109.27 ± 33.55) ng/L and 5.79 ± 0.98 vs. 4.30 ± 0.79, the serum calcium and albumin were significantly lower than those in non-failure group: (1.58 ± 0.09) mmol/L vs. (2.19 ± 0.32) mmol/L and (35.04 ± 4.05) g/L vs. (41.10 ± 5.79) g/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that PAR was positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ, SOFA, white blood cell, platelet, red blood cell distribution width, C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and IL-6 ( r = 0.559, 0.623, 0.237, 0.782, 0.511, 0.392, 0.287, 0.555 and 0.505; P<0.01), and negatively correlated with serum calcium and albumin ( r = - 0.526 and - 0.820, P<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the area under the curve of PAR for predicting organ failure in patients with AP was 0.875 (95% CI 0.818 to 0.933), with an optimal cutoff value of 4.56, sensitivity of 91.2%, and specificity of 66.7%. Conclusions:PAR can effectively predict the occurrence of organ failure in AP patients with high sensitivity, providing certain guiding significance for clinical treatment.

Tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease posing a substantial public health threat.Immunological diagnosis and vaccine im-munization are both necessary to control tuberculosis prevalence.However,the identical antigenic components in diagnostic reagents and vaccines hinder the use of animal vaccines and limit the specificity of clinical diagnosis in humans.Differentiating infected from vaccinated animals can overcome these problems.This article reviews the progress in differential diagnosis research from three as-pects:the diagnostic effects of antigens,methods for discovering new antigens,and screening of new host immune markers,to provide a theoretical basis for future research.

Objective:To retrieve and summarize the evidence regarding the non-surgical treatment and management of patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) .Methods:According to the "6S" evidence pyramid model, clinical guidelines, expert consensus, systematic reviews, clinical decisions, and clinical best practices related to the non-surgical treatment and management of patients with POP were systematically searched in databases and websites such as UpToDate, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, Australia Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, Guidelines International Network, National Guideline Clearinghouse, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The search period was from the establishment of the database to January 31, 2024. Two investigators independently conducted literature quality assessment and extracted relevant information according to the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and EvaluationⅡ and the Australia JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Center evaluation tools. The Australia JBI quality level of evidence and grade of recommendation (2014 version) were used for evidence integration and grading.Results:A total of 15 papers were finally included, including three clinical decisions, eight guidelines, two best practices, one expert consensus, and one systematic review. A total of 39 pieces of best evidence were summarized in nine areas of examination and assessment, treatment plan, lifestyle, expectant therapy, functional exercise, physical therapy, pessary, drug therapy, and follow-up observation.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence on the non-surgical treatment and management of POP patients, which is scientific and comprehensive, and provides an evidence-based basis for medical and nursing staff to develop non-surgical treatment and management protocols for POP patients and self-management of POP patients.