Objective To explore the mechanism of Banxia Tiaozhong Granules in the treatment of reflux esophagitis(RE).Methods A rat model of RE was established using anterior gastric ligation combined with external partial pyloric ligation.The rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model group,positive control group,and Banxia Tiaozhong Granules low-,medium-and high-dosage groups.After 7 days of modeling,each group was given corresponding intervention for 14 consecutive days.HE staining was used to observe the morphology of esophageal tissue,immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression of interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)in esophageal tissue,RT-qPCR was used to detect the expressions of stem cell factor(SCF)and c-kit mRNA in esophageal tissue,Western blot was used to detect the expressions of SCF and c-kit protein in esophageal tissue,ELISA was used to detect the contents of serum motilin(MTL),gastrin(GAS)and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP).Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the interstitial space of esophageal squamous epithelial cells widened in the model group rats,basal cells proliferated,and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the mucosal layer,the number of ICC in esophageal tissue significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the expression of SCF,c-kit mRNA and protein significantly increased(P<0.01);the contents of serum MTL and GAS were significantly reduced(P<0.01),the content of VIP significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the proliferation of basal cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells in esophageal tissue were reduced to varying degrees in the positive control group and each dosage group of Banxia Tiaozhong Granules,the number of ICC significantly increased in the positive control group and Banxia Tiaozhong Granules medium-and high-dosage groups(P<0.01),the expressions of SCF and c-kit mRNA and protein were significantly decreased(P<0.01);the serum MLT and GAS contents significantly increased(P<0.01),while VIP content significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Banxia Tiaozhong Granules can regulate gastrointestinal hormones,activate the SCF/c-kit signaling pathway,maintain ICC function,thereby regulating esophageal motility,improving esophageal mucosal inflammation,and playing a therapeutic role in RE.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Banxia Tiaozhong Granules in the treatment of reflux esophagitis(RE).Methods A rat model of RE was established using anterior gastric ligation combined with external partial pyloric ligation.The rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model group,positive control group,and Banxia Tiaozhong Granules low-,medium-and high-dosage groups.After 7 days of modeling,each group was given corresponding intervention for 14 consecutive days.HE staining was used to observe the morphology of esophageal tissue,immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression of interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)in esophageal tissue,RT-qPCR was used to detect the expressions of stem cell factor(SCF)and c-kit mRNA in esophageal tissue,Western blot was used to detect the expressions of SCF and c-kit protein in esophageal tissue,ELISA was used to detect the contents of serum motilin(MTL),gastrin(GAS)and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP).Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the interstitial space of esophageal squamous epithelial cells widened in the model group rats,basal cells proliferated,and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the mucosal layer,the number of ICC in esophageal tissue significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the expression of SCF,c-kit mRNA and protein significantly increased(P<0.01);the contents of serum MTL and GAS were significantly reduced(P<0.01),the content of VIP significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the proliferation of basal cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells in esophageal tissue were reduced to varying degrees in the positive control group and each dosage group of Banxia Tiaozhong Granules,the number of ICC significantly increased in the positive control group and Banxia Tiaozhong Granules medium-and high-dosage groups(P<0.01),the expressions of SCF and c-kit mRNA and protein were significantly decreased(P<0.01);the serum MLT and GAS contents significantly increased(P<0.01),while VIP content significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Banxia Tiaozhong Granules can regulate gastrointestinal hormones,activate the SCF/c-kit signaling pathway,maintain ICC function,thereby regulating esophageal motility,improving esophageal mucosal inflammation,and playing a therapeutic role in RE.

Humans ; Abdomen ; Dantrolene ; East Asian People ; Malignant Hyperthermia

Objective To explore the differences of macrostructural and microstructural and their correlations in brain white matter (WM) between left-and right-handed adults.Methods Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed on twenty-three left-handed (LH) and thirty-two right-handed (RH) healthy subjects.The WM volume,fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were mearsured and compared between the two groups by using the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and voxel-based analysis (VBA) methods.Results (1) LH adults showed lower WM volume than RH adults in bilateral splenium of corpus callosum (SC) (Left:x=-15,y=-57,z =13.5,t=-5.160;Right:x=18,y=-42,z=12,t=-3.654;P＜0.001).Compared with the RH adults,the FA values in WM of the left postcentral gyrus (PoCG) (x =-24,y =-46,z =54) and the above left insula (INS) (x =-36,y =-12,z =20) increased (P＜ 0.001),as well as the average FA values,the average length and number of streamlines in WM tracts increased (P＜0.05) in LH adults.Compared with the RH adults,the MD values in the right HIP (x=24,y=-34,z=-2) decreased(P＜0.001),as well as the average MD values decreased,and the average length in WM tracts increased (P＜0.05) in LH adults.(2)There was positive correlation between FA and the volume of right splenium of corpus callosum in LH and RH adults (LH:r=0.716,RH:r=0.471,P＜0.05).There was negative correlation between FA and MD in the left PoCG (LH:r=-0.769,RH:r=-0.841),left INS (LH:r=-0.775,RH:r=-0.744) and right HIP (LH:r=-0.842,RH:r=-0.742) in LH and RH adults (all P＜0.05).Conclusion There are differences in both macrostructure and microstructure of white matter in several brain regions and WM tracts between left-handed and right-handed people,and correlations between these measures were also observed.