Objective: To provide evidence for improving emergency blood supply protocols by analyzing the clinical characteristics and disease distribution of emergency transfusion patients, especially those receiving≥10 units of red blood cells (RBCs). Methods: The data of 4 157 patients who urgently applied for large-volume blood transfusion in various hospitals in Shanghai from May 2024 to April 2025 were selected and analyzed statistically. Results: Tertiary gradeA hospitals accounted for the largest proportion of total transfusion volume (U) (48.79%, 8 420/17 256.5), with no statistically significant differences in RBC transfusion volumes among hospitals of different grades (P>0.05). All blood products are most widely used in tertiary hospitals. Obstetric blood transfusion (U)(19.07%, 3 277.5/17 190.5) was the most frequent. A-mong the hospitals of patients who received emergency blood transfusion with red blood cell suspension≥10 U, tertiary gradeA hospitals also had the largest transfusion volume (U)(47.19%, 1 107/2 346). In terms of disease types, the top three diseases in terms of blood transfusion volume (U) were obstetric transfusion (24.59%, 572/2 326), digestive diseases (14.53%, 338/2 326) and tumors (14.19%, 330/2 326). Conclusion: Tertiary grade A hospitals are the main demand units for emergency blood transfusion, with pregnant women and cancer patients being the core blood-using groups. It is suggested that the safety, timeliness and sufficiency of emergency blood transfusion be guaranteed by establishing a hierarchical blood supply mechanism, formulating single-disease blood transfusion plans and promoting precise blood transfusion guided by thromboelastography.

To conduct a bibliometric and keyword analysis on the domestic and international literature of medical artificial intelligence （AI） ethics， explore the research frontiers， hotspots， and development trends in this field， and provide references for promoting the construction of China’s ethical governance system on medical AI. Utilizing CiteSpace software， a comparative analysis was conducted between the reviewed domestic and international literature regarding their publication volume， author and institutional collaboration networks， as well as keyword co-occurrence， clustering， timeline graph， and burst， to explore the research hotspots and development trends in the field. A total of 2 393 Chinese and English publications were included. In recent years， research topics in medical AI ethics both domestically and internationally focused on three aspects， encompassing their theoretical research， emerging domains and their ethical risks， as well as the ethical governance and regulation of medical AI. International research hotspots included federated learning， computer-aided detection， informed consent， and other aspects， whereas domestic research hotspots were smart healthcare， responsibility ethics， ethical values， and other aspects. Internationally， greater attention was placed on ethical issues concerning population health and healthcare in the public health domain， whereas domestic research topics tended to focus more on theoretical discussions and the establishment of ethical principles. The ethical governance of medical AI represents a shared global challenge， necessitating enhanced research into both the variances and commonalities in this field.

Objective To investigate the influence of bushenhuoxue drug-containing serum on PI3K and Akt signaling pathway in purified retinal ganglion cell (RGCs) in vitro of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats,and to explore the protective mechanisms of bushenhuoxue recipe on RGCs.Methods At first,bushenhuoxue drug-containing serum was prepared,and the RGCs of SD rats were purified;after the apoptotic model of pressurized and purified RGCs was established successfully in vitro using open pressure control system,RGCs were dealt with 50 g · L-1,100 g · L-1,200 g · L-1 concentration gradient of bushenhuoxue drug-containing serum.Then the subjected cells were divided into normal culture group (N group),control group (C group),50 g · L-1 bushenhuoxue group (50 g · L-1 BSHX group),100 g · L-1 bushenhuoxue group (100 g · L-1 BSHX group),200 g · L-1 bushenhuoxue group (200 g · L-1 BSHX group).Finally,cell apoptotic rate was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining,while real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of PI3K and Akt in each group respectively.Results The results of qRT-PCR detection showed that PI3K,Akt mRNA expression level in C group (0.04 ±0.01) was decreased compared with N group (1.00 ± 0.04),and the difference was statistically significant (all P＜0.05),while PI3K,Akt mRNA levels in 50 g · L-1,100 g · L-1 and 200 g · L-1 BXHX group (0.18 ±0.01,0.21 ±0.02,0.22 ±0.01,0.36 ±0.01,0.84 ±0.10,1.07 ± 0.17) were increased compared with the C group,and the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜0.05).The Western blot results of each group showed that PI3K,Akt protein expression level in C group was decreased compared with N group,with statistical difference (all P ＜ 0.05),while PI3 K,Akt protein expression levels in 50 g · L-1,100 g · L-1 and 200 g · L-1 BSHX group were increased compared with C group,with staffstical difference (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Bushenhuoxue drug-containing serum may inhibit the RGCs apoptosis induced by pressure,which may be related to the activation of PBK/Akt signal transduction pathway.

Objective To explore the influence of peritumoral edema (PTE) on the tendency of recurrent location and morphological character after total resection using MRI. Methods MRI data was collected from 43 patients with recur-rent brain glioma after total resection from four clinical centers and then the influence of of PTE on recurrence patterns af-ter total resection was retrospectively analyzed based on the T2 weighted image. Results The PTE had a significant influ-ence on the recurrent patterns of brain gliomas after total resection. When PTE was mild, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (6/8) and the recurrent locations tended to be local (5/8). When PTE was severe, the shapes of the recur- rent gliomas tended to be spread(30/35 and the recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/35), followed by marginal (7/35), In addition, the morphological patterns and locations of recurrent gliomas were significantly different among different PTE types (all P<0.001). When PTE was ring shape, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (7/9) and the recur-rent locations tended to be local (6/9), followed by marginal (2/9) and distant (1/9). When PTE was irregular shape, most of recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/34), followed by marginal (7/34) but rarely local (2/34). Conclusions The de-grees and the types of brain glioma PTE can significantly influence the locations and morphological patterns of recurrent gliomas after total resection.

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the imaging features of newly diagnosed high-grade glioma and the effect of relevant factors such as postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy on progression-free sur-vival (PFS) time. Methods A total of 54 patients with recurrent high-grade glioma confirmed by pathology or progressive malignant glioma proved by clinical follow-up were included in this retrospective study from 4 clinical centers. The prog-nostic factors selected included MR image features at initial diagnosis (including the maximum diameter of tumor, peritu-moral edema, degree of enhancement, degree of necrosis and presence of cystic or satellite), postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox’s proportion-hazards model were used to analyse the factors influenc-ing the progression free survival (PFS) time. Results The univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the degree of peritumoral edema (PTE, P=0.001), degree of necrosis (P<0.001) , degree of enhancement (P<0.001), postoperative radio-therapy (P=0.008) and chemotherapy(P=0.035) were significant factors for PFS. Cox multivariate analysis also showed that the degree of PTE(P=0.019),degree of necrosis (P<0.001) were all significantly correlated with PFS. The less edema or necrosis was associated with the longer PFS. In addition, postoperative radiotherapy (P=0.035) and chemotherapy (P=0.049) were also significantly correlated with PFS. The normative chemotherapy and radiotherapy were associated with longer PFS. Conclusions The PTE and necrosis on preoperative MR images can be used to predict the PFS of glioma af-ter total resection. Adjuvant normative chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be recommend for supratentorial high-grade glioma including those even with MRI confirmed total resection.

We found seven tag sequence with high homology in dbEST by using human musclin gene, and got its cDNA sequence, which consists of 651bp and the open reading frame was 54-452 bp detected by RT-PCR, encoding 132 amino acid residue protein. The new gene has high homology with that of human, mouse and rat, the rate is 87.2%, 77.6% and 77.9%, respectively; the gene fragment was cloned into expression vector pGEX-4T-1, and the recombinant was transformed into E. coli BL21. Induced by IPTG, the fusion protein GST-musclin, a 38.59 kD protein was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 and identified by Western blotting.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Open Reading Frames ; genetics ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Swine ; genetics ; Transcription Factors ; genetics