Objective:To investigate short-term efficacy of interventional treatment guided by abdominal superficial ultrasound and its impact on immune levels in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods:A total of 152 patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer from May 2018 to March 2020 in the People's Hospital of Yuechi were selected as study subjects,with 84 patients treated with combination chemotherapy and 68 patients treated with chemotherapy alone.After 1∶1 propensity score match-ing,a total of 60 patients were included in each group.Clinical data were compared between matched groups,and effect of different treatment methods on short-term efficacy and immune levels in advanced pancreatic cancer were evaluated by generalized estimating equations.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in age,BMI,tumor location,gender,tumor size and tumor stage between matched groups(P>0.05).When comparing efficacy of matched groups,local control rate(LCR)showed a declining trend after treatment(P<0.05),median durations of local progression-free survival(LPFS)and overall survival(OS)in chemotherapy group were higher than monotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in CA19-9 level before treatment between combination chemotherapy group and monotherapy chemotherapy group(P>0.05).In combiuation chemotherapy group,CA19-9 level showed a continuous downward trend after treatment,with a significant decrease at 6-month follow-up compared to be-fore treatment;in chemotherapy alone group,CA19-9 level showed an overall decrease followed by an increase,with the lowest point at 1 month,and a significant decrease compared to before treatment,while no significant differences in remaining follow-up periods(P>0.05).There was no significant difference of CA19-9 level at 7 days and 14 days after treatment between monotherapy chemotherapy group and combination chemotherapy group(P>0.05).However,at 1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment,CA19-9 level in combination chemotherapy group was significantly lower than monotherapy chemotherapy group(P<0.05).Immune levels in combina-tion chemotherapy group showed an initial increase followed by a decrease,reaching the highest point at 1 month,and total T-cell count showed a significant decrease after 6 months of treatment compared to before treatment(P<0.05).CD3+T,NK,IL-2 and IFN-γ immune levels were still higher than before treatment(P<0.05),with no significant differences in remaining indicators compared to before treatment(P>0.05).CD4+T/CD8+T in chemotherapy alone group did not show a significant trend,and remaining indicators showed same trend as combined chemotherapy group(P<0.05);after 6 months of treatment,total T-cell count,CD3+T cell count,NK cell count and IL-2 level were lower than before treatment(P<0.05),with no significant differences in remaining indicators compared to before treatment(P>0.05).During follow-up period,combined chemotherapy group showed higher levels of total T cells,CD3+T cells,NK cells,IL-2,IFN-γ and IL-6 levels compared to single chemotherapy group(P>0.05).CD4+T/CD8+T at 14 days and 3 months of follow-up was significantly higher in combined chemotherapy group than single chemotherapy group(P<0.05),while differences were not significant at other follow-up times(P>0.05).Generalized estimating equation evaluation showed that all indica-tors were statistically significant.Conclusion:Interventional treatment guided by abdominal superficial ultrasound can effectively improve short-term efficacy and immune levels in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

Objective To evaluates the effects of cross-balance training on knee function,dynamic balance,and rectus femoris(RF)activation in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Methods Forty ACLR patients at 5th-6th week after operation were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental group received the cross-balance training on the basis of standard rehabilitation,while the control group received only standard rehabilitation.Knee function was assessed with the Lysholm score,dynamic balance,and root mean square(RMS)of RF surface electromyography.The correlation between RMS and dynamic balance was also examined.Results After intervention,the Lysholm score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Regarding balance function,both the gait line length and single support line length of the experimental group were significantly greater than those of the control group(P<0.01).Conversely,the mediolateral displacement of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).Furthermore,the RF RMS of the experimental group was significantly larger than that of the control group(P<0.01).The RF RMS was positively correlated with the gait line length and single support line length,whereas it was negatively correlated with the mediolateral displacement(P<0.05).Conclusions Cross-balance training significantly enhances knee function,dynamic balance,and RF activation in post-ACLR patients,supports the theory of cross-education.Cross-balance training has certain application values in ACL postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective To evaluates the effects of cross-balance training on knee function,dynamic balance,and rectus femoris(RF)activation in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Methods Forty ACLR patients at 5th-6th week after operation were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental group received the cross-balance training on the basis of standard rehabilitation,while the control group received only standard rehabilitation.Knee function was assessed with the Lysholm score,dynamic balance,and root mean square(RMS)of RF surface electromyography.The correlation between RMS and dynamic balance was also examined.Results After intervention,the Lysholm score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Regarding balance function,both the gait line length and single support line length of the experimental group were significantly greater than those of the control group(P<0.01).Conversely,the mediolateral displacement of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).Furthermore,the RF RMS of the experimental group was significantly larger than that of the control group(P<0.01).The RF RMS was positively correlated with the gait line length and single support line length,whereas it was negatively correlated with the mediolateral displacement(P<0.05).Conclusions Cross-balance training significantly enhances knee function,dynamic balance,and RF activation in post-ACLR patients,supports the theory of cross-education.Cross-balance training has certain application values in ACL postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective:To investigate short-term efficacy of interventional treatment guided by abdominal superficial ultrasound and its impact on immune levels in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods:A total of 152 patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer from May 2018 to March 2020 in the People's Hospital of Yuechi were selected as study subjects,with 84 patients treated with combination chemotherapy and 68 patients treated with chemotherapy alone.After 1∶1 propensity score match-ing,a total of 60 patients were included in each group.Clinical data were compared between matched groups,and effect of different treatment methods on short-term efficacy and immune levels in advanced pancreatic cancer were evaluated by generalized estimating equations.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in age,BMI,tumor location,gender,tumor size and tumor stage between matched groups(P>0.05).When comparing efficacy of matched groups,local control rate(LCR)showed a declining trend after treatment(P<0.05),median durations of local progression-free survival(LPFS)and overall survival(OS)in chemotherapy group were higher than monotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in CA19-9 level before treatment between combination chemotherapy group and monotherapy chemotherapy group(P>0.05).In combiuation chemotherapy group,CA19-9 level showed a continuous downward trend after treatment,with a significant decrease at 6-month follow-up compared to be-fore treatment;in chemotherapy alone group,CA19-9 level showed an overall decrease followed by an increase,with the lowest point at 1 month,and a significant decrease compared to before treatment,while no significant differences in remaining follow-up periods(P>0.05).There was no significant difference of CA19-9 level at 7 days and 14 days after treatment between monotherapy chemotherapy group and combination chemotherapy group(P>0.05).However,at 1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment,CA19-9 level in combination chemotherapy group was significantly lower than monotherapy chemotherapy group(P<0.05).Immune levels in combina-tion chemotherapy group showed an initial increase followed by a decrease,reaching the highest point at 1 month,and total T-cell count showed a significant decrease after 6 months of treatment compared to before treatment(P<0.05).CD3+T,NK,IL-2 and IFN-γ immune levels were still higher than before treatment(P<0.05),with no significant differences in remaining indicators compared to before treatment(P>0.05).CD4+T/CD8+T in chemotherapy alone group did not show a significant trend,and remaining indicators showed same trend as combined chemotherapy group(P<0.05);after 6 months of treatment,total T-cell count,CD3+T cell count,NK cell count and IL-2 level were lower than before treatment(P<0.05),with no significant differences in remaining indicators compared to before treatment(P>0.05).During follow-up period,combined chemotherapy group showed higher levels of total T cells,CD3+T cells,NK cells,IL-2,IFN-γ and IL-6 levels compared to single chemotherapy group(P>0.05).CD4+T/CD8+T at 14 days and 3 months of follow-up was significantly higher in combined chemotherapy group than single chemotherapy group(P<0.05),while differences were not significant at other follow-up times(P>0.05).Generalized estimating equation evaluation showed that all indica-tors were statistically significant.Conclusion:Interventional treatment guided by abdominal superficial ultrasound can effectively improve short-term efficacy and immune levels in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

Objective:There are a variety of minimally invasive interventional treatments for trigeminal neuralgia,and the efficacy evaluation is different.The preferred treatment scheme is still controversial.This study aims to investigate the differences in treatment effects between patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia(PTN)treated with percutaneous balloon compression(PBC)for the first intervention and patients with pain recurrence after radiofrequency thermocoagulation(RT)who then received PBC for PTN,and to offer clinicians and patients more scientifically grounded and precise treatment alternatives. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 103 patients with PTN admitted to the Department of Pain Management of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021,including 49 patients who received PBC for the first time(PBC group)and 54 patients who received PBC for pain recurrence after RT(RT+PBC group).General information,preoperative pain score,intraoperative oval foramen morphology,oval foramen area,balloon volume,duration of compression,and postoperative pain scores and pain recurrence at each time point on day 1(T1),day 7(T2),day 14(T3),1 month(T4),3 months(T5),and 1 year(T6)were collected and recorded for both groups.The differences in treatment effect,complications and recurrence between the 2 groups were compared,and the related influencing factors were analyzed. Results:The differences of general information,preoperative pain scores,foramen ovale morphology,foramen ovale area,T1 to T3 pain scores between the 2 groups were not statistically different(all P>0.05).The balloon filling volume in the PBC group was smaller than that in the RT+PBC group,the pain scores at T4 to T6 and pain recurrence were better than those in the RT+PBC group(all P<0.05).Pain recurrence was positively correlated with pain scores of T2 to T6(r=0.306,0.482,0.831,0.876,0.887,respectively;all P<0.01). Conclusion:The choice of PBC for the first intervention in PTN patients is superior to the choice of PBC after pain recurrence after RT treatment in terms of treatment outcome and pain recurrence.

Objective:To analyze the compliance with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in geriatric patients with fresh fracture.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the data of the patients with fresh extremity fracture which had been included in the ERAS perioperative protocol database during May 2019 and January 2022 at Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. The patients ≥65 years were selected as a study group which was matched by a control group of the patients < 65 years in sex, fracture type and date frame of hospitalization at a ratio of 1∶1. The 2 groups were compared in the compliance with the 14 ERAS core perioperative elements.Results:The study group and the control group each included 66 patients who were matched in sex and fracture type. 62.1% (41/66) of the patients in the study group had combined diseases, significantly more than that [16.7% (11/66)] in the control group( P<0.001). Altogether, the compliance with the 14 ERAS core perioperative elements was 78.6 (71.4, 85.7) % in both groups, showing no significant difference between them ( P>0.05). Respectively, the compliance with the postoperative oral intake in the study group (80.3%, 53/66) was significantly lower than that in the control group (92.4%, 61/66) ( P<0.05); the compliance with the other 13 elements showed no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The ERAS perioperative protocol can be carried out smoothly in geriatric patients with fresh fracture whose compliance may be comparable to that of the none-elderly patients.

This paper introduced the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-Comparative (QUADAS-C), illustrated the comparison with the QUADAS-2, and using QUADAS-C together with QUADAS-2 to present QUADAS-C results through systematic reviews. Like the domain for QUADAS-2, QUADAS-C retained four domains, including patient selection, index test, reference standard, flow, and timing, and comprised additional questions for each QUADAS-2 part. Unlike the QUADAS-2 tool, the starting question of each domain for QUADAS-C was designed to summarize the risk of biased information captured by QUADAS-2. QUADAS-C only dealt with the risk of bias but did not include the part of concerns regarding applicability. The answers to signaling questions for each domain of QUADAS-C would lead to a 'low''high' or 'unclear' risk of biased judgment for the original study.

Objective To evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on a senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) and an autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 type Ⅱ (LC3-Ⅱ) in normal human skin fibroblasts (NHSFs).Methods NHSFs were isolated from the foreskin of children,and subjected to culture in vitro.The second-to fourth-passage NHSFs were treated with 150 μmol/L H2O2 for 2 hours to establish a model for cellular senescence,while un-treated NHSFs served as control group.Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining was performed to determine the percentage of senescent cells,indirect immunofluorescence assay to determine the expression of the autophagy-related protein LC3,reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to measure the mRNA expression of SMP30,and Western blot analysis to measure the protein expression of SMP30 and LC3.Results The percentage of senescent (SA-β-gal-positive) cells was significantly higher in the H2O2 group than in the control group (41.70％ ± 2.95％ vs.3.03％ ± 0.25％,t =22.59,P ＜ 0.05).Indirect immunofluorescence assay showed that the percentage of LC3-positive cells was significantly lower in the H2O2 group than in the control group (12.60％ ± 1.57％ vs.23.67％ ± 3.04％,t =5.61,P ＜ 0.05).As Western blot analysis showed,no significant difference in the expression of LC3-Ⅰ (LC3-Ⅰ/glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [GAPDH] ratio) was observed between the H2O2 group and control group (0.40 ± 0.02 vs.0.41 ± 0.04,P ＞ 0.05),while the H2O2 group showed significantly lower expression of LC3-Ⅱ (LC3-Ⅱ/GAPDH ratio:0.20 ± 0.02 vs.0.80 ± 0.03,t =29.69,P ＜ 0.05) and lower LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio (0.51 ± 0.03 vs.1.98 ± 0.23,t =10.967,P ＜ 0.05) compared with the control group.Moreover,the mRNA and protein expression of SMP30 (SMP30/GAPDH ratio) was significantly lower in the H2O2 group than in the control group (mRNA:0.16 ± 0.01 vs.0.35 ± 0.01;protein:0.27 ± 0.02 vs.0.63 ± 0.02,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion H2O2 can decrease the expression of SMP30 and LC3-Ⅱ in NHSFs,and accelerate the senescence of NHSFs.

Objective: To observe the characteristics of dynamic changes of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its relationship with cerebral vasospasm (CVS) and to explore the pathogenesis of CVS. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with SAH diagnozed by clinical and accessory examinations were selected. The LPA levels in CSF were measured at 24 hours, day 7,14, and 28 respectively after the onset of symptoms,and they were compared with a control group. The correlation between LPA levels and CVS on the time course was also observed at the same time. Results: Of the 67 patients with SAH, a total of 29 patients (43.3%) occurred CVS, the average time of occurrence was 6. 6 days. There was no significant difference between the LPA levels in CSF in patients with SAH and the control group at 24 hours after the onset of symptoms; they were significantly higher than the control group at day 7 (P ＜0. 001); they were significantly higher than the control group at day 14 (P ＜ 0. 001), but they were significantly lower than those at day 7 (P ＜ 0. 01); they decreased to baseline at day 28, and there was significant difference compared with the control group. There was no significant difference between the LPA levels in the CVS group and those in the non-CVS group at 24 hours, they were significantly higher than those in the non-CVS group at day 7 (P ＜0. 001), they were still significantly higher than those in the non-CVS group at day 14 (P ＜0. 01); and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups at day 28. Conclusions: The LPA levels in CSF in patients with SAH increased significantly from day 7 to day 14 after the onset of symptoms, and they had obvious association with CVS on the time course. The detection of the LPA levels in CSF may have important significance in predicting the occurrence of CVS.