ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） combined with oral cholangiopancreatography in the treatment of major duodenal papilla gallbladder polyps. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of eight patients with choledocholithiasis and gallbladder polyps who underwent ERCP and combined with oral cholangiopancreatography for major duodenal papilla cholecystectomy in Center of Digestive Endoscopy， Jilin People’s Hospital， from May 2022 to June 2024， and related data were collected， including the success rate of surgery， the technical success rate of gallbladder polyp removal， the superselective method of cystic duct， the time of operation， the time of gallbladder polyp removal， and surgical complications. ResultsBoth the success rate of surgery and the technical success rate of gallbladder polyp removal reached 100%， and of all eight patients， three patients used guide wire to enter the gallbladder under direct view， while five patients received oral cholangiopancreatography to directly enter the gallbladder. The time of operation was 51.88±12.34 minutes， and the time of gallbladder polyp removal was 23.13±10.94 minutes. The diameter of gallbladder polyp was 2‍ ‍—‍ ‍8 mm， and pathological examination showed inflammatory polyps in three patients， adenomatous polyps in one patient， and cholesterol polyps in four patients. There were no complications during or after surgery. The patients were followed up for 2‍ ‍—‍ ‍27 months after surgery， and no recurrence of gallbladder polyp was observed. ConclusionOral cholangiopancreatography is technically safe and feasible in endoscopic major duodenal papilla cholecystectomy.

Antibiotic adjuvants offer a promising strategy for restoring antibiotic sensitivity, expanding antibacterial spectra, and reducing required dosages. Previously, compound 15 was identified as a potential adjuvant for Polymyxin B (PB) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa DK2; however, its clinical utility was hindered by high cytotoxicity, uncertain in vivo efficacy, and an unclear synergetic mechanism. To address these challenges, we synthesized and evaluated a series of novel benzamide derivatives, with A22 emerging as a particularly promising candidate. A22 demonstrated potent synergistic activity to PB, minimal cytotoxicity, improved water solubility, and broad-spectrum synergism of polymyxins against various clinically isolated MDR Gram-negative strains. In vivo studies using Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse models further confirmed the efficacy of A22. Moreover, A22 effectively suppressed the development of PB resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa DK2. Mechanistic investigations revealed that A22 enhances polymyxins activity by inducing reactive oxygen species production, reducing ATP levels, increasing NOX activity, and inhibiting biofilm formation, leading to bacterial death. These findings position A22 as a highly promising candidate for the development of polymyxin adjuvants, offering a robust approach to combating MDR Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common respiratory emergency, but current clinical treatment remains at the level of symptomatic support and there is a lack of effective targeted treatment measures. Our previous study confirmed that inhalation of hydrogen gas can reduce the acute lung injury of ARDS, but the application of hydrogen has flammable and explosive safety concerns. Drinking hydrogen-rich liquid or inhaling hydrogen gas has been shown to play an important role in scavenging reactive oxygen species and maintaining mitochondrial quality control balance, thus improving ARDS in patients and animal models. Coral calcium hydrogenation (CCH) is a new solid molecular hydrogen carrier prepared from coral calcium (CC). Whether and how CCH affects acute lung injury in ARDS remains unstudied. In this study, we observed the therapeutic effect of CCH on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute lung injury in ARDS mice. The survival rate of mice treated with CCH and hydrogen inhalation was found to be comparable, demonstrating a significant improvement compared to the untreated ARDS model group. CCH treatment significantly reduced pulmonary hemorrhage and edema, and improved pulmonary function and local microcirculation in ARDS mice. CCH promoted mitochondrial peripheral division in the early course of ARDS by activating mitochondrial thioredoxin 2 (Trx2), improved lung mitochondrial dysfunction induced by LPS, and reduced oxidative stress damage. The results indicate that CCH is a highly efficient hydrogen-rich agent that can attenuate acute lung injury of ARDS by improving the mitochondrial function through Trx2 activation.

Pathological fractures after jaw cyst surgery are rare clinically but are a serious complication. Once a pathological fracture occurs, treatment time and economic costs increase, and doctors face difficulty in handling it. This article reports a case of a patient with mandibular pathological fractures after multiple odontogenic keratocyst surgery of the jaw. Mandibular lesions were located in the bilateral mandibular angles and had macrocystic changes. We adopted a conservative treatment plan, and the treatment effect was good. We also discussed and analyzed relevant literature to provide a reference for clinicians.
Humans ; Odontogenic Cysts/surgery* ; Conservative Treatment ; Postoperative Complications/therapy* ; Mandibular Fractures/etiology* ; Fractures, Spontaneous/etiology* ; Male ; Female

Objective:To evaluate the role of Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) in hydrogen-induced alleviation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-caused damage to pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell(PMVEC) barrier function in mice.Methods:PMVECs were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin until 4-6 passage. These cells were divided into 6 groups ( n=36 each) using a random number table method: control group (group A), hydrogen-rich medium group (group B), LPS group (group C), LPS + hydrogen-rich medium group (group D), LPS + RhoA inhibitor C3 enzyme group (group E) and LPS + hydrogen-rich medium + RhoA agonist U-46619 group (group F). Cells were cultured within normal medium in group A, group C and group E and within hydrogen-rich medium in group B, group D and group F. LPS at a final concentration of 1 μg/ml was simultaneously added in group C, group D, group E and group F. C3 enzyme at a final concentration of 3 μg/ml was added at 2 h before addition of LPS in group E. U-46619 at a final concentration of 10 mg/ml was added at 3 h before addition of LPS in group F. The expression of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and occludin was determined by Western blot at 6, 12 and 24 h after incubation with LPS. At 24 h after incubation with LPS, the release rate of LDH was measured by LDH method, cell viability was measured by MTT method, and the activity of RhoA was determined by GST pull-down method. Results:Compared with group A, the expression of VE-cadherin and occludin was significantly down-regulated at 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation, the cell viability was decreased at 24 h of incubation, and the release rate of LDH and activity of RhoA were increased in group C ( P<0.05). Compared with group C, the expression of VE-cadherin and occludin was significantly up-regulated at 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation, the cell viability was increased at 24 h of incubation, and the release rate of LDH and activity of RhoA were decreased in group D ( P<0.05). Compared with group C, the expression of VE-cadherin and occludin was significantly up-regulated at 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation, the cell viability was increased at 24 h of incubation, and the release rate of LDH and activity of RhoA were decreased in group E ( P<0.05). Compared with group D, the expression of VE-cadherin and occludin was significantly down-regulated at 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation, the cell viability was decreased at 24 h of incubation, and the release rate of LDH and activity of RhoA were increased in group F ( P<0.05). Conclusions:RhoA is involved in hydrogen-induced alleviation of LPS-caused damage to PMVEC barrier function in mice.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a kind of central nervous system disease that seriously threatens human health and life. Current treatment for AIS is mainly reperfusion. However, the time-sensitive of reperfusion limits its clinical application, and a considerable part of patients within the time window cannot achieve the expected effect after reperfusion; related complications of reperfusion have not been completely solved. So far, some clinical trials have confirmed that neuroprotectants are useful supplements and adjuncts to reperfusion. This paper reviews the recent advance in neuroprotectants combined with reperfusion in AIS to provide references for AIS treatment.

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of action of Fushao Diqin Decoction in the treatment of colorectal cancer.METHODS In vitro cell experiments were conducted using Fushao Diqin Decoction to treat colorectal cancer CT-26 cells,and the cell proliferation and migration abilities were detected.Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in colorectal cancer CT-26 cells,as well as the levels of iron ions(Fe2+),malondialdehyde(MDA),and the activity of su-peroxide dismutase(SOD).PCR Array and Western blot methods were used to analyze and verify the differential gene expression of ferroptosis.Balb/c mice were randomly divided into a blank control group,a model group,an oxaliplatin group(1.5 mg·kg-1·d-1),a low-dose group of Fushao Diqin Decoction(4.49 g·kg-1·d-1),a medium dose group of Fushao Diqin Decoction(8.97 g·kg-1·d-1),and a high-dose group of Fushao Diqin Decoction(17.94 g·kg-1·d-1)for in vivo animal experi-ments.The effects of Fushao Diqin Decoction on Fe2+,ROS,MDA levels,SOD activity,and Nrf2,Keap1,SLC7A11 and GPX4 ex-pression levels in mouse tumor tissues were tested.RESULTS In vitro cell experiments showed that compared with the blank control group,Fushao Diqin Decoction significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer CT-26 cells in a dose-de-pendent manner.Fushao Diqin Decoction could increase the Fe2+content(P＜0.05)and ROS level(P＜0.01)in colorectal cancer CT-26 cells,increase the MDA level in CT-26 cells of colorectal cancer(P＜0.01)and significantly reduce SOD activity(P＜0.01).Iron death PCR array analysis found that compared with the blank control group,after intervention with Fushao Diqin Decoc-tion,the expression of genes GPX4 and SLC7A11 was significantly downregulated,while the expression of GSTA1,HMOX1,Ca9,Chac1,Keap1,Sqstm1,NOX1,FTH1,Tfr1,SAT2,Pparg,and Hamp was significantly upregulated.Western blot analysis revealed that after intervention with Fushao Diqin Decoction,the expression of Keap1 protein was upregulated(P＜0.01),while the expression of Nrf2,SLC7A11,and GPX4 proteins was downregulated(P＜0.01)in colorectal cancer CT-26 cells.The results of in vivo animal experiments showed that Fushao Diqin Decoction significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous transplanted tumors in mice(P＜0.05),increased the degree of tumor tissue necrosis,and levels of Fe2+,ROS,and MDA(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),decreased SOD ac-tivity(P＜0.01)and upregulated Keap1 protein expression(P＜0.01),while downregulated Nrf2,SLC7A11,and GPX4 protein ex-pression(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Fushao Diqin Decoction has an anti-colorectal cancer effect and may promote ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway to exert its anti-colorectal cancer effect.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Transcriptome ; Immunotherapy ; Biomarkers, Tumor

Objective:To explore the effect of triglyceride glucose(TyG) index, single nucleotide polymorphism of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3) genes, and its interaction on the risk of gout.Methods:A total of 315 male patients with gout and 499 men for health checkup at the same period were selected. General data were collected through questionnaires, and peripheral venous blood was collected for biochemical test. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of NLRP3 and TLR4 were detected with multiplex ligase assay reaction, and logistic regression analysis was applied to compare the correlation between NLRP3 and TLR4 alleles and gout risk. The interaction of SNP and TyG index with gout was analyzed by generalized multi-factor dimensionality reduction(GMDR) model and logistic regression.Results:After adjusting for smoking, drinking, and other factors, the risk of gout increased by 61.1% for each standard deviation increase in TyG index. CC genotypes of rs10754558, rs10759932, and rs7525979 were high risk genotypes of gout in Han ethnicity. GMDR results showed significant differences in the interaction models of rs10754558-TyG index, rs7525979-TyG index, and rs10759932-TyG index between control group and gout group( P<0.05), suggesting an interaction between the three genotypes of SNPs selected and TyG index. Stratified analysis of the three selected SNPs and TyG index showed that after adjusting for age, smoking, and other factors, the high TyG index patients carrying C/C or C/G genotype at rs10754558 displayed an increased risk of gout compared with those carrying GG genotype and low TyG index( OR=2.127, P<0.05). Conclusion:The CC genotypes of rs10754558, rs10759932, and rs7525979 are high risk genotypes for gout in Han ethnicity. The interaction between rs10754558 and TyG index may increase the risk of gout development.

Objective To investigate the surgical outcomes and strategies selection of endoscopic endonasal approach and craniotomy in the treatment of cranial base chordomas.Methods Thirty-one patients diagnosed pathologically with cranial base chordoma in Tianjin huanhu hospital from Jan.2010 to Sep.2020 were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into the endoscopic endonasal group and the craniotomy microscope group according to the different surgical approaches.The surgical results and follow-up between the two groups were compared.Results In the endoscopic endonasal group,there were 7 cases of gross total resection,9 cases of subtotal resection and 2 cases of partial resection.The main complications included death in 2 cases,cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 8 cases,cranial nerve injury in 2 cases and hypopituitarism in 1 case.In the craniotomy microscope group,there were 2 cases of gross total resection,10 cases of subtotal resection,and 1 case of partial resection.The main complications included cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 1 case,cranial nerve injury in 3 cases,epilepsy in 1 case and epidural hematoma in 1 case.There was no statistical significance in the resection rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).The rate of cerebrospinal fluid leakage in the endoscopic group was significantly higher than that in the craniotomy microscope group,and the comparison was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant between the two groups for tumor recurrence or progression.Conclusions The endoscopic endonasal approaches for resection of cranial base chordomas have improved the gross total resection rate,but craniotomy is still an important surgical method for tumor resection.It is necessary to select an appropriate surgical approach according to the lesion location and pattern of tumor growth.