The compilation instructions for the Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Yifei Zhike Capsules systematically expound the development background， methodological framework， and core achievements of this consensus. In view of the problems existing in the clinical application of Yifei Zhike Capsules， such as insufficient efficacy evidence and lack of standardized syndrome differentiation， the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences took the lead and collaborated with 21 tertiary grade-A hospitals and research institutions across China to form a multidisciplinary expert group （comprising 30 experts in clinical medicine， pharmacy， and methodology）. The compilation work was carried out in strict accordance with the World Health Organization （WHO） guidelines， the GB/T 1.1-2020 standard， and the writing specifications for the explanatory notes of expert consensus on clinical application of Chinese patent medicines. Through systematic literature retrieval （including 32 studies， with 24 clinical studies）， Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development and Evaluations （GRADE）-based evidence grading， and multiple rounds of discussions using the nominal group method （25 experts voted to determine 17 clinical questions）， 5 evidence-based recommendations and 11 expert consensus suggestions were formed. It is clarified that this medicine （Yifei Zhike Capsules） is applicable to the treatment of expectoration/hemoptysis in acute and chronic bronchitis and the adjuvant treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. It is recommended that it can be used alone or in combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs. The safety evaluation shows that this medicine mainly induces the following adverse reactions： mild gastrointestinal reactions （such as nausea and abdominal pain） and rashes. The contraindicated populations include pregnant women and women during menstruation. The compilation process of the consensus underwent three rounds of expert letter reviews， two rounds of peer reviews， and quality control assessments to ensure methodological rigor and clinical applicability. In addition， through policy alignment， academic promotion， and a dynamic revision mechanism， the standardization of clinical application was promoted， providing a demonstration for the evidence-based transformation of characteristic therapies of Miao medicine.

Objective: To explore the relationship between beverage dependence and sleep quality among college students, providing empirical evidence for improving their sleep quality. Methods: From December 2024 to January 2025, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 3 974 college students from four universities in Anhui Province. The Beverage Addiction Scale for College Students (BASCS) was used to assess beverage dependence, and the Self rating Scale of Sleep(SRSS) was used to evaluate sleep quality. A multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between beverage dependence and sleep quality, and a restricted cubic spline model was used to examine the dose response relationship between the two. Results: The positive rate of beverage dependence symptoms among college students was 7.6%, with positive rates of 9.6%, 13.8%, and 7.4% for the withdrawal symptoms, health effects, and dependence symptoms dimensions, respectively. The detection rate of sleep disorders was 23.6%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for covariates such as grade, gender, and body mass index, compared with the no beverage dependence group, students with positive beverage dependence symptoms had a higher risk of sleep disorders( OR =3.71, 95% CI =2.87-4.80, P <0.01). The OR (95% CI ) for sleep disorders among students with positive symptoms in the withdrawal symptoms, health effects, and dependence symptoms dimensions were 2.80(2.22-3.53), 2.38(1.95-2.91), and 2.45(1.89-3.18)(all P <0.01). Further analysis using a restricted cubic spline model revealed that the overall beverage dependence score and its three dimensional scores were approximately linearly related to the risk of sleep disorders among college students (all nonlinear P >0.05). Conclusions Beverage dependence is associated with sleep quality among college students. Schools should take multiple approaches, such as health education on beverage awareness, to improve students sleep quality.

As an exclusive Miao medicine of Honwing Pharma （Guizhou） Co. Ltd.， Yifei Zhike capsules are both a prescription drug and an over-the-counter （OTC） drug. Its main ingredients include Ranunculus ternatus and Panax notoginseng. With the effects of nourishing Yin and moistening the lungs， as well as relieving cough and reducing phlegm， Yifei Zhike capsules are often used in the treatment of acute and chronic bronchitis， pulmonary tuberculosis， and other diseases. However， there is insufficient understanding of their efficacy， suitable syndromes， and safety in clinical practice， with a lack of relevant expert consensus on clinical application. To standardize their clinical application， 30 experts from the fields of respiratory medicine， pharmacy， and evidence-based medicine were invited to develop an Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Yifei Zhike Capsules （Consensus for short） through evidence-based medicine methods. The Consensus clarified the syndrome characteristics， disease stages， dosages， treatment courses， combined medication， and other norms in the treatment of acute/chronic bronchitis and pulmonary tuberculosis and could be applicable to clinical physicians and pharmacists in medical and health institutions at all levels. In disease diagnosis， it provided diagnostic criteria for traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and clarified that the suitable traditional Chinese medicine syndrome was the syndrome of Qi-Yin deficiency with intermingled phlegm-blood stasis. Clinical studies have confirmed that Yifei Zhike capsules combined with standard anti-tuberculosis therapy can effectively improve the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis patients， increase the sputum smear conversion rate， and promote the absorption of lesions. When treating acute cough caused by respiratory tract infections， Yifei Zhike capsules can increase the markedly effective rate and the seven-day disappearance rate of cough symptoms. Meanwhile， recommendations for specific usage， dosages， and treatment courses were given for different diseases， and it was pointed out that long-term medication required key monitoring of adverse reactions. In safety， the adverse reactions of Yifei Zhike capsules involved multiple aspects such as the digestive system and allergic reactions， and pregnant women and women during menstruation were prohibited from using it. In addition， modern research has shown that Yifei Zhike capsules have an adjuvant therapeutic effect on tuberculous pleurisy and may be effective for inflammatory and benign pulmonary nodules. However， further research should be conducted on the toxicological safety of long-term medication. The formulation of the Consensus provides a scientific basis for the rational clinical application of Yifei Zhike capsules， which helps to improve clinical efficacy and reduce medication risks.

As an exclusive Miao medicine of Honwing Pharma （Guizhou） Co. Ltd.， Yifei Zhike capsules are both a prescription drug and an over-the-counter （OTC） drug. Its main ingredients include Ranunculus ternatus and Panax notoginseng. With the effects of nourishing Yin and moistening the lungs， as well as relieving cough and reducing phlegm， Yifei Zhike capsules are often used in the treatment of acute and chronic bronchitis， pulmonary tuberculosis， and other diseases. However， there is insufficient understanding of their efficacy， suitable syndromes， and safety in clinical practice， with a lack of relevant expert consensus on clinical application. To standardize their clinical application， 30 experts from the fields of respiratory medicine， pharmacy， and evidence-based medicine were invited to develop an Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Yifei Zhike Capsules （Consensus for short） through evidence-based medicine methods. The Consensus clarified the syndrome characteristics， disease stages， dosages， treatment courses， combined medication， and other norms in the treatment of acute/chronic bronchitis and pulmonary tuberculosis and could be applicable to clinical physicians and pharmacists in medical and health institutions at all levels. In disease diagnosis， it provided diagnostic criteria for traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and clarified that the suitable traditional Chinese medicine syndrome was the syndrome of Qi-Yin deficiency with intermingled phlegm-blood stasis. Clinical studies have confirmed that Yifei Zhike capsules combined with standard anti-tuberculosis therapy can effectively improve the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis patients， increase the sputum smear conversion rate， and promote the absorption of lesions. When treating acute cough caused by respiratory tract infections， Yifei Zhike capsules can increase the markedly effective rate and the seven-day disappearance rate of cough symptoms. Meanwhile， recommendations for specific usage， dosages， and treatment courses were given for different diseases， and it was pointed out that long-term medication required key monitoring of adverse reactions. In safety， the adverse reactions of Yifei Zhike capsules involved multiple aspects such as the digestive system and allergic reactions， and pregnant women and women during menstruation were prohibited from using it. In addition， modern research has shown that Yifei Zhike capsules have an adjuvant therapeutic effect on tuberculous pleurisy and may be effective for inflammatory and benign pulmonary nodules. However， further research should be conducted on the toxicological safety of long-term medication. The formulation of the Consensus provides a scientific basis for the rational clinical application of Yifei Zhike capsules， which helps to improve clinical efficacy and reduce medication risks.

Objective:To investigate the affection of high mobility group nucleosome-binding protein 5(HMGN5) gene in the hepatocellular cancer tissue and HepG2 cell and its function in the growth of HepG2 cell.Methods:70 Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who under-went surgical resection and were confirmed by postoperative pathology in Sunshine Union Hospital of Weifang City from January 2017 to June 2020 were selected. Their clinical and pathological data, surgical resection of liver cancer tissue and adjacent normal liver tissue were collected, their survival time were also recorded. The contents of HMGN5 protein in the hepatocellular cancer tissues and adjacent normal liver tissues of 70 patients were detected by immunohistochemistry. Compare the expression of HMGN5 protein in liver cancer tissue and normal liver tissue and the positive expression rate of HMGN5 protein in liver cancer tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with different clinical characteristics, to analyze the relationship between HMGN5 expression and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.The mRNA contents of HMGN5 gene in HepG2 cells and HL-7702 cells were determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) method. After transfectHepG2 cells with HMGN5 shRNA, the proliferation ability of HepG2 cells were evaluated by cell proliferation assay and the cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as ±s, two independent samples t test was used for comparison between groups. Counting data was expressed as n(%), χ2 test was used for comparison between groups. Survival analysis of patients was performed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results:Immunohistochemical tests showed that HMGN5 staining is strong in liver cancer tissue, but weak in normal liver tissue. HMGN5 protein expression was positive in 48 of 70 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The positive expression rate of HMGN5 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues of patients with pathological grade 3+4 and clinical stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ was higher than that of patients with grade 1+2 and stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ, respectively. There was no significant difference in cumulative survival rate between HMGN5 positive expression group and HMGN5 negative expression group ( χ2=3.81, P=0.051). The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression level of HMGN5 mRNA in hepatoma HepG2 cells was higher than that in normal liver HL-7702 cells [(4.51±0.45) vs (1.35±0.27), the difference was statistically significant ( t=10.43, P=<0.001). After 24, 48 and 72h of the HMGN5 gene was knockout, the survival rate of HepG2 hepatoma cells was lower than that of HL-7702 hepatoma cells (all P<0.05) and the apoptosis rate of hepatoma HepG2 cells was higher than that of liver HL-7702 cells [(18.63±1.76)%vs(1.81±0.21)%] ,the difference was statistically significant ( t=16.44, P<0.001). Conclusions:HMGN5 genes and proteins are highly expressed in the hepatocellular cancer tissues and HepG2 cells. HMGN5 gene plays an important role in the growth of hepatocellular cancer and can be used as a potential target of treatment for hepatocellular cancer.

Purpose To explore the expression of SHIP2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its effect on the malignant biological behavior of ESCC cells.Methods The UALCAN database was used to analyze the expression of SHIP2 in esophageal cancer.qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry SP method were used to measure the expression of SHIP2 in tumor tissues of ESCC patients.SHIP2 mRNA and protein were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot in human normal esophageal epithelial cells(HEEC)and ESCC cells(KYSE150 and EC109).KYSE150 and EC109 were divided into the NC group and the si-SHIP2 group respectively.Cell proliferation,migration,and invasion were observed by CCK-8 assay,EdU assay,scratch assay,and Transwell assay.The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins(E-cadherin,N-cadherin,and vimentin)was detected by Western blot.Results The UAL-CAN database showed that SHIP2 expression was higher in esophageal cancer than in normal tissues(P＜0.05).SHIP2 had higher mRNA(2.19±3.20)expression and staining scores(5.33±3.83)in ESCC tumor tissues than in paracarcinoma tissues(1.00±0.80;0.87±1.07,all P＜0.05).SHIP2 had higher mRNA(KYSE150,EC109:1.91±0.22,3.73±1.06)and protein(KYSE150,EC109:0.93±0.12,1.05±0.13)expression in ESCC cells than in HEEC(1.06±0.40;0.31±0.04,all P＜0.05).Cell function experiments showed that compared with the NC group(CCK-8 assay:KYSE150,EC109:2.44±0.12,3.56±0.07;EdU assay:KYSE150,EC109:44.46±4.74,38.82±3.79;scratch assay:KYSE150,EC109:0.85±0.07,0.70±0.06;Transwell migration assay:KYSE150,EC109:130.30±9.53,39.25±3.30;Transwell invasion assay:KYSE150,EC109:121.00±9.54、88.67±6.66);cell proliferation(CCK-8 assay:KYSE150,EC109:1.56±0.03,2.85±0.02,EdU assay:KYSE150,EC109:19.34±6.24,17.39±1.14);migration(scratch assay:KYSE150,EC109:0.51±0.09,0.36±0.02;Transwell migration assay:KYSE150,EC109:71.50±12.07,20.75±2.99),and invasion(Transwell in-vasion assay:KYSE150,EC109:73.33±4.04,12.67±2.31)ability in the si-SHIP2 group was significantly re-duced(all P＜0.05).Western blot results showed that compared with the NC group(0.48±0.21,0.42±0.24;1.00±0.04,1.17±0.18;1.34±0.10,1.00±0.13),the expression of E-cadherin protein(1.10±0.22,1.02±0.20)in the si-SHIP2 group was increased(P＜0.05),while the expression of N-cadherin protein(0.59±0.20,0.84±0.08)and vimentin protein(0.41±0.06,0.338±0.19)was decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion SHIP2 is overexpressed in ESCC,and the down-regulation of SHIP2 can inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of ES-CC cells.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture(EA)at"Baihui"(GV20)and"Shenting"(GV24)acupoints in a rat model of insomnia.Methods An insomnia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA).Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=9 each):normal control group,EA-treated normal,model,and EA-treated model group.After successful modeling,EA intervention was administered for 7 days.Sleep duration and quality were monitored using an animal sleep-phase analysis system.Hypothalamic levels of serotonin(5-HT),dopamine(DA),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin 6(IL-6),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),mannose receptor(CD206),interleukin 10(IL-10),and arginase 1(ARG1)were measured by ELISA.Hypothalamic histopathology was assessed via hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.Western Blot analyzed brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and its receptor tropomyosin kinase B(TrkB)protein expression.Results Compared with the normal group,rats in the model group exhibited hypothalamic tissue damage,accompanied by reduced 5-HT levels,elevated DA concentrations,and significantly impaired sleep duration and sleep quality scores(P＜0.05).Concurrently,the model group showed increased levels of M1 microglial markers(TNF-α,IL-6,iNOS)but decreased levels of M2 markers(CD206,IL-10,ARG1),alongside diminished protein expression of both BDNF and TrkB in the hypothalamus,the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).In contrast,the EA-treated model group demonstrated attenuated hypothalamic lesions relative to the untreated model group.These rats exhibited elevated 5-HT levels,reduced DA concentrations,and significantly improved sleep duration and quality(P＜0.05).Furthermore,EA treatment decreased expression of M1 markers(TNF-α,IL-6,iNOS)while increasing M2 markers(CD206,IL-10,ARG1),with concomitant upregulation of BDNF and TrkB protein expression,the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion EA at"Baihui"and"Shenting"alleviates insomnia symptoms by promoting microglial M1-to-M2 polarization,potentially via BDNF/TrkB pathway activation.

The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

Objective To compare and analyze the application effects of ciprofol+remifentanil and remazolam+remifentanil in painless gastrointestinal gastroscopy in elderly overweight patients.Methods The subjects of this study,122 elderly overweight patients for painless gastrointestinal endoscopy from October 2023 to October 2024,were randomly divided into H group and R group,each with 61 cases.At the same time,122 elderly patients with normal body weight who planned to undergo painless gastrointestinal endoscopy during the same period were randomly divided into H1 group and R1 group,61 cases in each group.All subjects received a slow intravenous injection of remifentanil at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg,30 s later Group H and H1 group were administered with a slow intravenous injection of ciprofol at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg,while Group R and R1 group were given a slow intravenous injection of remazolam at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg.Anesthesia effect and perioperative indicators(examination time,induction time,etc.),and the hemodynamic parameters[mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation(SpO2)]were compared of the four groups immediately after the establishment of electrocardiogram monitoring(T0),upon completion of anesthesia induction(T1),when gastroscopy passed through the throat(T2),when enteroscopy passed through the hepatic flexure(T3),and immediately after completion of surgery(T4),as well as adverse reactions were compared of the four groups.Results Excellent anesthesia rate:group H and H1 group were higher than group R(96.72%,98.36%vs.86.89%,P<0.05).Induction time:no difference was found of the four groups(P>0.05).Examination time:group H and group R were significantly longer than that in group H1 and group R1(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between group H and group R,and between group H1 and group R1(P>0.05).The time of awakening and moving out of postanesthesia care unit(PACU):group H,group R,group H1 and group R1 gradually decreased,and the differences between each two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in MAP and HR of the four groups,time and interaction effects(P<0.05).The difference of SpO2 of the four groups was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the difference of time and interaction effect was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Incidence of injection pain:group H and group H1 were lower than group R and group R1(P<0.05).Incidence of other adverse reactions:no significant difference of four groups(P>0.05).Conclusion During painless gastrointestinal endoscopy of elderly overweight patients the application of ciprofol+remifentanil can achieve better anesthetic effect and lower incidence of injection pain as compared with remazolam+remifentanil.The anesthetic effect of the two anesthesia regimens is similar in elderly normal weight patients,but the elderly normal weight patients have a faster recovery from anesthesia than the elderly overweight patients.

Objective To identify determinants of subtherapeutic voriconazole(VRCZ)concentrations in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)recipients and to develop/validate a nomogram-based risk prediction model.Methods This study retrospectively analyzed 310 VRCZ therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)measurements from allo-HSCT recipients at 310 patients who under went allo-HSCT surgery at Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital from October 2022 to October 2024 and received VRCZ for the prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections before transplantion were selected as the study subjects.Cases were stratified into target-concentration group(0.5～5.0μg/ml)and subtherapeutic group(<0.5μg/ml).Through single factor and multiple factor Logistic regression analysis,indeipendent predictive factors forvecz plasma concentration non-compliance were screened,and a column chart prediction model(NPM)was constructed.The performance of the model was evaluateding area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),Hosmer-Lemeshow(H-L)goodness-of-fit test,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results Among 310 VRCZ-TDM measurements,71.61%(222/310)achieved target concentrations.Multivariate analysis showed that CYP2C19 intermediate metabolite,daily dose of cyclosporine A(CSA),daily dose of VRCZ,creatinine(Cr)>97 μmol/L,albumin(Alb)and C-reactive protein(CRP)were independent influencing factors for VRCZ blood drug concentration non-compliance(Wald χ2=4.046～13.221,all P＜0.05).The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination,calibration(H-L goodness of fit test χ2=2.663,P=0.954),and clinical utility with net benefit across 0.05～0.96 risk thresholds.Conclusion The nomogram incorporating CYP2C19 gene phenotype,daily CSA dosing,daily VRCZ dosing,Cr levels,Alb and CRP provides a validated tool for optimizing VRCZ therapy in allo-HSCT recipients,enabling precision dosing strategies.