Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of proximal gastrectomy (PG) versus total gastrectomy (TG) for the treatment of Siewert type Ⅱ/Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched for literature comparing the efficacy and safety of PG and TG for the treatment of Siewert type Ⅱ/Ⅲ AEG. The search period was from database inception to March 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. Results A total of 23 articles were included, including 16 retrospective cohort studies, 5 prospective cohort studies, and 2 randomized controlled trials. The total sample size was 2 826 patients, with 1 389 patients undergoing PG and 1 437 patients undergoing TG. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with TG, PG had less intraoperative blood loss [MD=−19.85, 95%CI (−37.20, −2.51), P=0.02] and shorter postoperative hospital stay [MD=−1.23, 95%CI (−2.38, −0.08), P=0.04]. TG had a greater number of lymph nodes dissected [MD=−6.20, 95%CI (−7.68, −4.71), P<0.001] and a lower incidence of reflux esophagitis [MD=3.02, 95%CI (1.24, 7.34), P=0.01]. There were no statistically significant differences between the two surgical approaches in terms of operative time, postoperative survival rate (1-year, 3-year, 5-year), and postoperative overall complications (P>0.05). Conclusion PG has advantages in terms of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay, while TG has advantages in terms of the number of lymph nodes dissected and the incidence of reflux esophagitis. There is no significant difference in long-term survival between the two surgical approaches.

The gut microbiota is closely related to human health, and various gut microbiota health indices have been developed to assist in evaluating the health of the gut microbiota and even the overall health of the human body. Diets are one of the main factors that regulate the gut microbiota, while there is still no good method for evaluating the regulatory effects of dietary factors. To assess the regulatory effects of dietary factors on the gut microbiota of overweight individuals, we conducted an in vitro fermentation experiment based on 17 dietary factors, and developed an evaluation method for the regulatory effects of dietary factors based on the health index with principal component analysis (hiPCA). The results showed that most dietary factors had positive regulatory effects on the gut microbiota of overweight individuals. Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and puerarin were the most significant dietary factors in regulating the gut microbiota of overweight individuals. The analysis of the contribution of species to the hiPCA indicated that GOS and puerarin might inhibit the activities of bacteria associated with overweight by regulating Eubacterium dolichum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium citroniae, and Lachnospiraceae bacterium 9_1_43BFAA. In addition, GOS may further enhance the inhibition of these activities by regulating Lachnospiraceae bacterium 6_1_63FAA, thereby reducing the gut health risks in overweight individuals. In summary, this study evaluated the health effects of dietary factors based on the hiPCA and specifically analyzed the role of different dietary factors in regulating the gut microbiota of overweight individuals. This provides new ideas and methods for improving gut microbiota health and has potential applications in the field of precision nutrition.
Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology* ; Isoflavones/pharmacology* ; Overweight/microbiology* ; Diet ; Fermentation ; Oligosaccharides/pharmacology* ; Principal Component Analysis

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in infants with hyaline membrane disease(HMD)and establish a predictive model.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 551 hospitalized HMD infants at Kunming First People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022.Patients were randomly divided into a training set(n=413)and a validation set(138)at a 3∶1 ratio.The training set was further divided into a simple HMD group(n=339)and an HMD with BPD group(n=74).Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression prediction models were used to analyze the risk factors associated with HMD complicated by BPD,with subsequent validation in the validation set.Results Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in birth conditions,perinatal conditions,maternal conditions,laboratory indicators,and treatment conditions(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that birth weight and oxygen exposure time were independent risk factors for HMD complicated by BPD(P<0.05).The ROC curve assessment showed an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.954,indicating a certain predictive value for the model.In the validation set,the AUC was 0.917,with a sensitivity of 92.00%and a specificity of 89.38%.Conclusion Neonatal birth weight and duration of oxygen therapy were identified as significant risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)complicating hyaline membrane disease(HMD).The risk prediction model for HMD with BPD has good predictive performance.

AIM: To delineate the specific mutation responsible for retinitis pigmentosa(RP)in a Yi pedigree, and to analyze the correlation of RHO gene mutation with clinical phenotype.METHODS:A comprehensive clinical evaluation was conducted on the proband diagnosed with RP and other familial members, complemented by a thorough ophthalmic examination. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the proband and familial members, from which genomic DNA was extracte. Subsequent whole exome sequencing(WES)was employed to identify the variant genes in the proband. The identified variant gene was validated through Sanger sequencing, then an in-depth analysis of the mutation genes was carried out using genetic databases to ascertain the pathogenic mutation sites. Furthermore, an exhaustive analysis was performed to delineate the genotype and phenotype characteristics.RESULTS:The RP pedigree encompasses 5 generations with 42 members, including 19 males and 23 females. A total of 13 cases of RP were identified, consisting of 4 males and 9 females, which conforms to the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The clinical features of this family include an early onset age, rapid progression, and a more severe condition. The patients were found to have night blindness around 6 years old, representing the earliest reported case of night blindness in RP families. The retina was manifested by progressive osteocytoid pigmentation of the fundus, a reduced visual field, and significantly decreased or even vanished a and b amplitudes of ERG. The combined results of WES and Sanger sequencing indicated that the proband had a heterozygous missense mutation of the RHO gene c.1040C>T:p.P347L, where the 1 040 base C of cDNA was replaced by T, causing codon 347 to encode leucine instead of proline. Interestingly, this mutation has not been reported in the Chinese population.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that the mutant gene of RP in a Yi nationality pedigree was RHO(c.1040C>T). This variant leads to the change of codon 347 from encoding proline to encoding leucine, resulting in a severe clinical phenotype among family members. This study provides a certain molecular, clinical, and genetic basis for genetic counseling and gene diagnosis of RHO.

AIM: To delineate the specific mutation responsible for retinitis pigmentosa(RP)in a Yi pedigree, and to analyze the correlation of RHO gene mutation with clinical phenotype.METHODS:A comprehensive clinical evaluation was conducted on the proband diagnosed with RP and other familial members, complemented by a thorough ophthalmic examination. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the proband and familial members, from which genomic DNA was extracte. Subsequent whole exome sequencing(WES)was employed to identify the variant genes in the proband. The identified variant gene was validated through Sanger sequencing, then an in-depth analysis of the mutation genes was carried out using genetic databases to ascertain the pathogenic mutation sites. Furthermore, an exhaustive analysis was performed to delineate the genotype and phenotype characteristics.RESULTS:The RP pedigree encompasses 5 generations with 42 members, including 19 males and 23 females. A total of 13 cases of RP were identified, consisting of 4 males and 9 females, which conforms to the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The clinical features of this family include an early onset age, rapid progression, and a more severe condition. The patients were found to have night blindness around 6 years old, representing the earliest reported case of night blindness in RP families. The retina was manifested by progressive osteocytoid pigmentation of the fundus, a reduced visual field, and significantly decreased or even vanished a and b amplitudes of ERG. The combined results of WES and Sanger sequencing indicated that the proband had a heterozygous missense mutation of the RHO gene c.1040C>T:p.P347L, where the 1 040 base C of cDNA was replaced by T, causing codon 347 to encode leucine instead of proline. Interestingly, this mutation has not been reported in the Chinese population.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that the mutant gene of RP in a Yi nationality pedigree was RHO(c.1040C>T). This variant leads to the change of codon 347 from encoding proline to encoding leucine, resulting in a severe clinical phenotype among family members. This study provides a certain molecular, clinical, and genetic basis for genetic counseling and gene diagnosis of RHO.

Objective To explore the effect of CB-103 on pyroptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)cells via the reactive oxygen species(ROS)/caspase-3/gasdermin-E(GSDME)signaling pathway.Methods The OSCC cell line SCC-7 was treated with varying concentrations of CB-103(0,20,40,60,80,and 100 μg/mL).The proliferation activity of CB-103 cells was measured using cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay.The cell migration was assessed using a wound-healing assay.Morphological changes in the cells were observed under an inverted microscope.Western blotting was performed to evaluate the protein expression of GSDME,GSDME-N ter-minal,and cleaved caspase-3.ATP release was measured using an ATP detection kit.The levels of intracellular high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1)and ROS were quantified by immunofluorescence.Results Compared to the control group,CB-103 inhibited the proliferation and migration of SCC-7 cells.Additionally,CB-103 increased ROS levels and upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3 protein.Furthermore,CB-103 promoted the cleavage of GSDME and increased the number of GSDME-N terminal fragments(all P＜0.05),thereby inducing pyroptosis in SCC-7 cells.Conclusion CB-103 promotes pyroptosis in OSCC cells by activating the ROS/caspase-3/GSDME pathway.

Objective To explore the effect of CB-103 on pyroptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)cells via the reactive oxygen species(ROS)/caspase-3/gasdermin-E(GSDME)signaling pathway.Methods The OSCC cell line SCC-7 was treated with varying concentrations of CB-103(0,20,40,60,80,and 100 μg/mL).The proliferation activity of CB-103 cells was measured using cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay.The cell migration was assessed using a wound-healing assay.Morphological changes in the cells were observed under an inverted microscope.Western blotting was performed to evaluate the protein expression of GSDME,GSDME-N ter-minal,and cleaved caspase-3.ATP release was measured using an ATP detection kit.The levels of intracellular high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1)and ROS were quantified by immunofluorescence.Results Compared to the control group,CB-103 inhibited the proliferation and migration of SCC-7 cells.Additionally,CB-103 increased ROS levels and upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3 protein.Furthermore,CB-103 promoted the cleavage of GSDME and increased the number of GSDME-N terminal fragments(all P＜0.05),thereby inducing pyroptosis in SCC-7 cells.Conclusion CB-103 promotes pyroptosis in OSCC cells by activating the ROS/caspase-3/GSDME pathway.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and the efficacy of thrombus aspiration in patients with early intrastent thrombosis (EST) following carotid artery stenting (CAS).Methods:This study is a retrospective case series, collecting clinical data of five patients who developed EST after CAS in the Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to September 2023.All patients were male, with an age of (64.0±11.9) years (range:48 to 77 years), accounting for 2.0% (5/244) of CAS procedures during the same period.Among them, three patients did not receive standard dual antiplatelet therapy before the procedure, and one had an inadequate ADP inhibition rate (45.6%).Four patients received XACT carotid stents, while one received a Wallstent carotid stent.All five patients showed significant residual stenosis ranging from 43% to 55% after CAS.Emergency thrombus aspiration was performed in all cases, and data regarding perioperative conditions, vascular patency, and clinical outcomes were collected.Results:The interval between CAS and the occurrence of EST ranged from 3 hours to 14 days.The main clinical symptoms included sudden onset of consciousness disorders and contralateral limb weakness.None of the patients received preoperative intravenous thrombolysis, and thrombus aspiration was performed during the procedure to restore vascular patency.Four cases underwent balloon angioplasty during the procedure, and two cases utilized overlapping stents.Two patients experienced intraoperative embolization of thrombus to the C 2 segment.In one case, the embolized thrombus was retrieved using an intracranial thrombectomy stent, while in another case, it was aspirated using a guiding catheter.Postoperatively, all patients had a thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade of 3, and symptoms improved in four cases.One patient showed no improvement in symptoms, and MRI revealed extensive new infarction in the right frontal and insular regions, adjacent to the right lateral ventricle.Regular follow-up examinations after discharge did not reveal restenosis or embolism within the stent.The follow-up period ranged from 7.6 to 21.2 months, with modified Rankin scale scores of 0 to 1 point in four cases and 2 points in one case, indicating good recovery in all patients. Conclusions:Acute intrastent thrombosis is a rare complication after carotid artery stenting.The combined use of percutaneous thrombus aspiration and endovascular techniques, such as balloon angioplasty and stent overlapping, can rapidly restore vessel patency with favorable outcomes.However, further large-scale clinical studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of these treatments for acute intrastent thrombosis.

Allergic diseases are immune disorders caused by allergens, leading to inflammation or organ dysfunction. In the past decade, the prevalence of allergic diseases in China has increased dramatically, imposing a heavy economic burden on the health care system and society. In vitro diagnosis of allergic diseases plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of such diseases. This article enumerates the in vitro tests and diagnostic techniques of allergic diseases, gives an advocacy for quality management of IgE-related tests, summarizes the clinical interpretation and relevant research progress, aiming to provide a reference for improving laboratory diagnosis of allergic diseases.

Objective To explore the risk factors of incision complications after cerebral revasculariza-tion.Methods The patients who underwent vascular reconstruction for craniocerebral vascular diseases in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University who underwent revascularization for cerebrovascular disea-ses from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively included,and the patients were divided into the incision complications group and the no incision complications group.Among them,this study documented the delayed complications following incision healing after cerebral revascularization.The baseline clinical data of patients'demographics and incisional complications after cerebral revascularization were recorded,and possi-ble influencing factors were included in a binary logistic regression analysis to analyze the influencing factors that may contribute to the occurrence of incisional complications after cerebral revascularization.Results A total of 117 patients who underwent cerebral revascularization were included,including 25 cases(21.4％)in the group with incision complications,including 7 cases(28.0％)of fat liquefaction,4 cases(16.0％)of inci-sion dehiscence,7 cases(28.0％)of incision infection,and 7 cases(28.0％)of necrosis,while 92 cases(78.6％)in the group without incisional complications.Univariate analysis showed that there was no statisti-cally significant difference in gender,age,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,smoking,drinking,disease type,and vascular reconstruction type between the patients with incision complications after cerebral revascularization and those without incision complications(P＞0.05).The proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus and the frontal branches of superficial temporal artery not preserved in the incision complications group was higher than in the no incision complications group.BMI,scalp thickness,and operation time in the group with incision complications were higher than those in the no incision complications group,and the difference was statistical-ly significant(P＜0.05).Multifactorial analysis showed that scalp thickness(OR=1.484,95％CI:1.024-2.149,P=0.037),BMI(OR=1.323,95％CI:1.042-1.680,P=0.021),and the absence of the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery(OR=3.582,95％CI:1.146-11.190,P=0.028),were the main risk factors for incisional complications(P＜0.05).Conclusion BMI,scalp thickness,and failure to preserve the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery are independent risk factors for scalp incision complica-tions after cerebral revascularization.