Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Paclitaxel (PTX), a valuable natural product derived from Taxus species, exhibits remarkable anti-cancer properties. It penetrates nanopores in microtubule walls, interacting with tubulin on the lumen surface and disrupting microtubule dynamics, thereby inducing cytotoxic effects in cancer cells. PTX and its derivatives have gained approval for treating various diseases due to their low toxicity, high efficiency, and broad-spectrum application. The widespread success and expanding applications of PTX have led to increased demand, raising concerns about accessibility. Consequently, researchers globally have focused on developing alternative production methods and applying nanocarriers in PTX delivery systems to enhance bioavailability. This review examines the challenges and advancements in PTX sourcing, production, physicochemical properties, anti-cancer mechanisms, clinical applications, trials, and chemo-immunotherapy. It aims to provide a comprehensive reference for the rational development and effective utilization of PTX.
Humans ; Paclitaxel/pharmacology* ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology* ; Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Animals ; Taxus/chemistry*

Background Occupational stress has emerged as a critical public health concern affecting the physical and mental well-being of workers in the manufacturing sector. However, researchers typically evaluate its core driver—cumulative fatigue—using a crude binary “present/absent” variable, thereby overlooking the high-dimensional complexity and heterogeneity inherent in fatigue characteristics. This oversimplification constrains both the precision and predictive performance of occupational stress risk assessment model. Objective Leveraging a data-driven approach, to survey data on cumulative fatigue among manufacturing employees, and then use this new classification to develop and validate an occupational stress prediction model, with an ultimate aim of enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of occupational stress assessment. Methods A set of cross-sectional survey data on 3871 manufacturing employees in 2021 were derived from the “Long working hours exposure and its adverse health effect risk assessment” program of the National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Occupational stress was assessed using the Core Occupational Stress Measurement Scale, while cumulative fatigue was evaluated via the Worker’s Self-Diagnostic Questionnaire for Fatigue Accumulation. Boruta method was applied to screen core variables from 20 occupational stress influencing factors. Dimensionality reduction of cumulative fatigue features was performed using a Bayesian sparse autoencoder (BASE), followed by comparison and application of clustering methods to achieve multi-class classification of the reduced features. Six machine learning classification models were then selected including logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest, adaptive boosting, and lightweight gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) to construct and compare two occupational stress prediction models involving cumulative fatigue combined with ten other core variables: one utilizing the original binary cumulative fatigue label as a core variable, and another employing the novel fatigue classification proposed herein as a core variable. Results The positive rate of occupational stress among the manufacturing employees was 38.9%. The Boruta method identified 11 core variables of occupational stress: depressive symptoms, cumulative fatigue, age, length of service, tenure in current position, average weekly working hours, average daily overtime hours, average monthly income, low levels of exercise, life satisfaction, and sleep quality. The BSAE reduced the original cumulative fatigue factors to 12 dimensions, while the K-means clustering grouped the reduced fatigue features into three categories: no fatigue, moderate fatigue, and sever fatigue. Six occupational stress prediction models were constructed using the three-category labels of cumulative fatigue and ten additional factors. The results indicated that the LightGBM model performed best, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78, an accuracy of 0.77, and an F1 score of 0.72. Compared with the model incorporating the traditional binary labels for cumulative fatigue, the best prediction AUC (0.72), accuracy (0.66), and F1 score (0.65) improved by 6%, 11%, and 7%, respectively. Conclusion Cumulative fatigue is a significant predictor of occupational stress among manufacturing employees. Applying data dimensionality reduction combined with three-class cluster analysis to characterize cumulative fatigue improves the performance of occupational stress prediction models. From a data-driven perspective, machine learning methods demonstrate strengths in processing complex datasets, capturing nonlinear relationships, and generating predictions based on key variables. This study therefore confirms that refined processing of core factors substantially enhances the predictive capability of machine learning models in assessing occupational stress risk in the manufacturing workforce.

A comparative analysis of TCM pulse diagnosis and Myanmar medicine pulse diagnosis. In the principle of pulse diagnosis, both of them recognize the heart as the power source of pulse, and attach importance to the running state of qi and blood/elements, but Myanmar medicine pays more attention to the dynamic balance of elements, and TCM focuses on the dialectical relationship between qi and blood. In terms of the diagnosis site, the diagnosis method of the lower limbs of Myanmar medicine, the diagnosis method of the pulsation of the medial foot and the lower ankle of the foot, respectively, is similar to the diagnosis method of the lower limbs of TCM, and the diagnosis method of the Taixi pulse in the diagnosis site and significance. It can evaluate the digestive ability of patients and judge whether the stomach is full or not. The blood test method of Myanmar medicine wrist is similar to the Cunkou diagnosis method of TCM in terms of location and method, but the significance is different. In the understanding of normal pulses, there are some similarities in the description of pulse position and pulse force of normal pulse, and both emphasize the change of pulse with season. In terms of disease pulse identification, 11 of the 20 common pathological blood (pulse condition) of Myanmar medicine are similar to the disease pulse of TCM in terms of morphology and main disease, but there are also obvious differences. In general, there is convergence in the theoretical basis of pulse diagnosis between China and Myanmar, and the pulse diagnosis system of Myanmar medicine can provide new ideas for TCM. It is suggested that the two countries should strengthen mutual learning, carry out cross-cultural objective joint research on pulse diagnosis, and promote the construction of relevant databases.

Objective To explore the effect of hydrogen molecules on the psychological state of submariners after long voyage.Methods A total of 197 submariners who had participated in a long-voyage mission were selected as the research objects by cluster sampling.They were randomly assigned to observation group or control group.The observation group was given hydrogen inhalation and hydrogen-enriched drinking water for 30 days,while the control group was given air inhalation and purified water.Before and after the intervention,mental health status was assessed by the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS).The cognitive ability,such as digit conversion,visual memory,tracking goal,and number span were tested.Results After the intervention,the score of each dimension and positive items of SCL-90,as well as the total scores of SAS and SDS were decreased in both groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the scores of depression and anxiety and positive items of SCL-90,as well as the total scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).The single correct response time for digit conversion in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Hydrogen molecule can improve mental health and cognitive performance of submariners after long voyage.

Objective To observe the effect of drinking hydrogen-rich water on preventing heat stroke(HS)of workers in special positions.Methods A total of 384 workers in special positions were selected with cluster sampling in February 2022.They were assigned to control group or observation group by a random number table,with 192 cases in each group.Double-blind experiment method was adopted.On the basis of the prevention and health education of HS,routine protection and daily drinking water in the study subjects,the observation group drank 1.5 L of hydrogen-rich water every day(200-300 ml each time,5-7 times a day,the hydrogen concentration of hydrogen-rich water was 1 800 μg/L),and the control group drank 1.5 L of pure water every day(200-300 ml each time,5-7 times a day)for 6 months.On the day after the intervention,all the workers underwent 10 km weight-bearing cross-country training.During the intervention period,the incidences of HS and its precursor,the detection rate of heat tolerance difference before and after the intervention,core temperature,serum markers of heat intolerance,and inflammatory factors were observed.Results During the intervention period,the precursor of HS appeared in 2 patients(1.04%)in the observation group and 11 patients(5.73%)in the control group,and 1 patient(0.52%)was diagnosed with HS in the control group.The incidences of HS and its precursor in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).After the weight-bearing training,the core body temperature was increased in both groups(P<0.01),but the core body temperature in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).The detection rate of heat tolerance difference,serum heat intolerance markers(alanine aminotransferase,creatine kinase,and creatinine)and inflammatory factors(interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α)in the observation group were lower than those in control group after intervention(P<0.05),and those before intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion Drinking hydrogen-rich water can improve the thermal tolerance of workers in special positions,and inhibit or reduce the inflammatory response caused by high heat.It can be used to prevent HS in special positions.

Objective To investigate mutations in OTU domain-containing protein 3(OTUD3)and their functional mechanisms in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods Gene expression profiling interactive analysis(GEPIA2)and the human protein atlas database(THPA)were used to analyze gene transcription and protein expressions.Samples from 32 patients with CRC were collected to identify OTUD3 mutants.Based on the information about mutation sitesof OTUD3 in an existing database,a plasmid vector containing the OTUD3 gene mutant was constructed.Plasmid vectors containing the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN)and the OTUD3 gene mutant were co-transfected into HCT116 cells.Western blotting,half-life,immunoprecipitation,ubiquitination,and hybrid algorithm molecular docking(H-DOCK)assays were employed to find out whether and why the OTUD3 mutants affected PTEN protein levels.Functional alterations in CRC cells after OTUD3 mutation were verified by CCK-8 cell proliferation,transwell cell invasion,scratch,and clonal formation assays.Results OTUD3 mutations were highly frequent in CRC.OTUD3 mutants R178W and N321S resulted in the loss of function of the stable PTEN protein,leading to enhanced proliferation,invasion,migration,and survival of CRC.Conclusion In CRC,OTUD3 mutation reduces the ability to stabilize PTEN and promotes the occurrence and development of CRC.

Objective To investigate how deubiquitinase OTU domain-containing protein 3(OTUD3)suppresses the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via gut-liver axis metabolic remodeling and microbiome dynamics.Methods A total of 24 male 2-week-old littermate C57BL/6J mice(12 wild-type and 12 Otud3-/-)were divided into two differential genotype groups before 6 mice from each group were randomly chosen to receive intraperitoneal injections of N-nitrosodieth-ylamine(DEN)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)induction.The mice were divided into four groups(n=6/group):Otud3+/+control(WT CON),Otud3-/-control(KO CON),Otud3+/+DEN-induced HCC(WT DEN),and Otud3-/-DEN-induced HCC(KO DEN).At 40 weeks of age,liver tissues were collected for metabolomic profiling,and fecal samples were obtained for 16S rRNA sequencing.Results Multivariate analyses,including principal component analysis(PCA),partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),sparse partial least squares-discriminant analysis(sPLS-DA),and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OrthoPLS-DA),demonstrated complete intergroup separability.Fifty-four differential metabolites were identified between the WT DEN and KO DEN groups through metabolomic profiling,with gut-liver axis-associated pathways such as cholesterol metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis revealed by KEGG pathway analysis.Microbiome analysis indicated an upregulation of Bacteroides at the genus level in the KO DEN group compared to WT DEN.Pearson correlation analysis highlighted amino acids and derivatives as predominant metabolite classes and revealed Bacteroidetes and Firmicutesas the dominant gut microbial phyla.Conclusion OTUD3 suppresses HCC progression by modulating gut-liver axis metabolism,potentially mediated by elevated betaine and increased abundance of Odoribacter,Alistipes,and Lachnoclostridium.

Objective:To conduct a comparative analysis of the radiation damage to zebrafish embryos and the associated biological mechanism after ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) and conventional dose rate irradiation.Methods:Zebrafish embryos at 4 h post-fertilization were exposed to conventional and FLASH irradiation (9 MeV electron beam). The mortality and hatchability of zebrafish after radiation exposure were recorded. Larvae at 96 h post-irradiation underwent morphological scoring, testing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and analysis of changes in oxidative stress indicators.Results:Electron beam irradiation at doses of 2-12 Gy exerted subtle effects on the mortality and hatchability of zebrafish embryos. However, single high-dose irradiation (≥ 6 Gy) could lead to developmental malformation of larvae, with conventional irradiation showing the most significant effects ( t = 0.87-9.75, P < 0.05). In contrast, after FLASH irradiation (≥ 6 Gy), the ROS levels in zebrafish and its oxidative stress indicators including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly reduced ( t = 0.42-15.19, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in ROS levels in incubating solutions after conventional and FLASH irradiation ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:Compared to conventional irradiation, FLASH irradiation can reduce radiation damage to zebrafish embryos, and this is in a dose-dependent manner. The two irradiation modes lead to different oxidative stress levels in zebrafish, which might be a significant factor in the reduction of radiation damage with FLASH irradiation.

Mitochondria are the main site of energy metabolism within cells,generating a substantial amount of ATP to supply energy to the human body.Research has shown that alterations in mitochondrial structure and function exist in individuals with schizophrenia,suggesting their potential impact on the onset of psychiatric disorders and clinical treatment efficacy.Therefore,understanding the research progress on the genetic mechanisms,pathological processes,image manifestations of schizophrenia and mitochondrial quality control,and summarizing the relevant evidence of mitochondrial-related targets as potential therapeutic targets for schizophrenia,can provide references for further research.