As the core vehicle for preserving and transmitting traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） academic thought and clinical experience， the establishment of a robust quality evaluation system for TCM clinical case reports is a crucial component in the current standardization and modernization of TCM. Based on the practical experience of constructing the China Clinical Cases Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine by the China Association of Chinese Medicine， this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of critical challenges， including insufficient authenticity and unfocused evaluation criteria. It proposed a three-dimensional evaluation framework grounded in the structure-process-outcome logic， encompassing three dimensions of authenticity and standardization， characteristics and advantages， application and translational impact. This framework integrated 12 key evaluation indicators in a systematic manner. The model preserved the academic characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment， while aligning with modern scientific research standards， achieving a balance between individualized TCM experience and standardized evaluation. Concurrently， this study provided theoretical foundations and methodological guidance for evaluating the quality of TCM clinical cases， contributing significantly to the inheritance of TCM knowledge， evidence-based practice， and the reform of talent evaluation mechanisms.

Objective This study investigated feasible cases and their significance in promoting the"generalized"development of inspection through digital-intelligent equipment.Methods A qualitative research approach was used,involving interviews conducted between February 2025 and March 2025 with experts in traditional Chinese medicine diagnostics,clinical research methodology,medical engineering integration,and related disciplines,using both online and offline methods.In accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research,feasible cases involving the specific application of digital equipment in various parts of observation were collected through item enrichment.The significance of extending observation capabilities via these cases was analyzed,along with the overall implications of integrating digital technologies with traditional inspection method.Results Interviews were completed with 11 experts from domestic universities and research institutes in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis,medical engineering integration,and related disciplines.A total of 78 feasible cases of digital-intelligent inspection were identified,along with 69 insights regarding the significance of enhancing the inspection capabilities.These insights were synthesized into two dimensions and 23 holistic meanings.The first dimension is to expand the scope of inspection,including obtaining internal environmental characteristics,observing external environmental characteristics,expanding thermodynamic characteristic data,and crossing time and space.The second dimension is to improve the quality of observation and diagnosis information collection and analysis,including 19 specific meanings,such as standardized collection environment,objective quantification,and refined observation.Conclusion Digital-intelligent equipment plays a significant role in expanding the scope of inspection content and achieving high-quality acquisition and analysis of extensive inspection information.These advancements extend and enrich the capabilities of traditional inspection method in traditional Chinese medicine.

Inspection,the foremost of the four diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),refers to a clinical approach involving observation of the body's overall condition and specific regions to assess pathological conditions.This method holds an important position in the clinical diagnostic system of TCM.However,traditional inspection is limited by the subjectivity of physician experience and technological means,often resulting in inconsistent and subjective outcomes.With the advancement of science and technology,the generalized inspection diagnosis technology of smart TCM has emerged.This innovative approach integrates classical TCM diagnostic theories with digital-intelligent technologies,enabling accurate collection and intelligent analysis of physiological indicators related to spirit,complexion,physique,and postures.The development of a generalized inspection diagnosis system of smart TCM based on this technology is crucial for promoting the objectivity,precision,and intelligence of TCM diagnosis and treatment.This article proposes that the core feature of the generalized inspection diagnosis system of smart TCM is the analytical logic based on the classic theory of TCM.The framework design of the system can be divided into five modules:data acquisition,data processing,knowledge graph and reasoning,report generation,and report analysis.The limitations and future development trends in data annotation standardization,integration of TCM theory and algorithms are also discussed.The aim is to provide a new paradigm for precise diagnosis in TCM,and advance research and practical implementation of smart TCM generalized inspection.

Objective This study investigated feasible cases and their significance in promoting the"generalized"development of inspection through digital-intelligent equipment.Methods A qualitative research approach was used,involving interviews conducted between February 2025 and March 2025 with experts in traditional Chinese medicine diagnostics,clinical research methodology,medical engineering integration,and related disciplines,using both online and offline methods.In accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research,feasible cases involving the specific application of digital equipment in various parts of observation were collected through item enrichment.The significance of extending observation capabilities via these cases was analyzed,along with the overall implications of integrating digital technologies with traditional inspection method.Results Interviews were completed with 11 experts from domestic universities and research institutes in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis,medical engineering integration,and related disciplines.A total of 78 feasible cases of digital-intelligent inspection were identified,along with 69 insights regarding the significance of enhancing the inspection capabilities.These insights were synthesized into two dimensions and 23 holistic meanings.The first dimension is to expand the scope of inspection,including obtaining internal environmental characteristics,observing external environmental characteristics,expanding thermodynamic characteristic data,and crossing time and space.The second dimension is to improve the quality of observation and diagnosis information collection and analysis,including 19 specific meanings,such as standardized collection environment,objective quantification,and refined observation.Conclusion Digital-intelligent equipment plays a significant role in expanding the scope of inspection content and achieving high-quality acquisition and analysis of extensive inspection information.These advancements extend and enrich the capabilities of traditional inspection method in traditional Chinese medicine.

Inspection,the foremost of the four diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),refers to a clinical approach involving observation of the body's overall condition and specific regions to assess pathological conditions.This method holds an important position in the clinical diagnostic system of TCM.However,traditional inspection is limited by the subjectivity of physician experience and technological means,often resulting in inconsistent and subjective outcomes.With the advancement of science and technology,the generalized inspection diagnosis technology of smart TCM has emerged.This innovative approach integrates classical TCM diagnostic theories with digital-intelligent technologies,enabling accurate collection and intelligent analysis of physiological indicators related to spirit,complexion,physique,and postures.The development of a generalized inspection diagnosis system of smart TCM based on this technology is crucial for promoting the objectivity,precision,and intelligence of TCM diagnosis and treatment.This article proposes that the core feature of the generalized inspection diagnosis system of smart TCM is the analytical logic based on the classic theory of TCM.The framework design of the system can be divided into five modules:data acquisition,data processing,knowledge graph and reasoning,report generation,and report analysis.The limitations and future development trends in data annotation standardization,integration of TCM theory and algorithms are also discussed.The aim is to provide a new paradigm for precise diagnosis in TCM,and advance research and practical implementation of smart TCM generalized inspection.

In recent years， NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome in tumors has become a research hotspot， especially in melanoma， colorectal cancer， lung cancer， and breast cancer， and more and more evidence has shown that inflammation plays a role in the development， progression， angiogenesis， and invasion of cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is the most common type of primary liver cancer， and there are still controversies over the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the development and progression of HCC. Therefore， this article reviews the potential impact of NLRP3 inflammasome in the progression of HCC and its mechanism of action in anticancer therapy， and it is believed that NLRP3 inflammasome can be used as an effective therapeutic target for HCC patients.

In the era of evidence-based medicine, it is necessary to explore the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based on standardized technical methods and operating procedures in order to achieve the modernization and internationalization of TCM and benefit all humanity. The proposal of a three-pronged evidence system combining TCM theory, human experience and experimental evidence marks an important progress in the thinking method of the TCM evaluation system. The multi-evidence body integrated through appropriate methods provides a strong support for the clinical guideline recommendations and evidence-based health decision-making in TCM. Based on the current methodological progress of international evidence synthesis and grading, this paper proposes a novel approach for integrating multi-evidence in TCM: the MERGE framework. The aim is to establish a solid foundation for the development of this methodology and provide guidance for the advancement of evidence-based medicine framework in TCM.

Emphasizing symptom efficacy is an important manifestation of the personalized diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. However， in current clinical practice of TCM， there are challenges such as diverse symptom expressions， difficulty in standardization， inconsistent evaluation standards for symptom efficacy， lack of universal quantitative methods， and complexity in collecting complete and accurate symptom information. These issues hinder the full and effective utilization of symptom information. Addressing the current research status and existing problems of symptom terminology standardization， quantification and grading of symptom efficacy， and collection of symptom information， this paper proposes methodological strategies for effectively recording and utilizing TCM symptom efficacy information in the era of big data. These strategies include collecting TCM symptom information based on patient reporting， standardizing the evaluation of TCM symptom efficacy from measurement scales and evaluation dimensions， integrating TCM symptom efficacy evaluation into clinical diagnosis and treatment processes， and utilizing artificial intelligence technology to acquire and process TCM symptom efficacy information. TCM symptom efficacy evaluation strategies based on patient perspectives and artificial intelligence technology will help fully explore the value of data elements， promote the objective demonstration of the specific efficacy of TCM， and facilitate the discovery of effective patterns.

As the foremost among the four examinations in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， inspection and related equipment research face challenges in landing and transformation due to variations in evidence quality， lack of standardization， insufficient algorithm transparency， and poor reliability and stability of decision-making. Against the backdrop of rapid development of emerging technologies such as big data， the internet of things， and artificial intelligence， coupled with macro policy support from the government， digital and intelligent generalized inspection in TCM has emerged， with the aim of utilizing digital technologies to overcome the limitations of naked-eye inspection and comprehensively perceive and analyze facial and bodily expressions. The research in this field intelligently correlates Zang-fu organ functions with health conditions and disease progression and establishes a technical system for digital and intelligent inspection， multi-dimensional and multimodal perception， fusion analysis， and decision-making. This system aims to enhance the accuracy of disease risk warning and diagnosis， bridging the gap between inspection equipment and assistance in clinical decision-making. From an evidence-based perspective， this paper systematically examines the research ideas of digital and intelligent inspection and the development of related equipment， deeply explores how to propose clinical practice-oriented key scientific issues， comprehensively acquire and co-apply multi-dimensional data， establish precise inspection models driven by digital intelligence， optimize standards to enhance equipment interoperability and reliability， construct post-effect evaluation mechanisms to promote improvement， and actively address potential risks such as the black box nature and information security in the application of intelligent technology. This paper not only demonstrates the tremendous potential of digital technologies in improving the accuracy and clinical application efficiency of inspection but also provides new perspectives and ideas for the modernization of inspection in TCM， paving the way for the application of inspection in the global medical and health field.

OBJECTIVE To explore the construction of the physical identification model of twenty-five people of yin and yang by combining the hand diagnosis image analysis of machine learning,in order to enrich the input of physical identification features.METHODS Based on the theory of twenty-five people of yin and yang,the hand images of 542 patients with cardiovascular disease were collected by self-developed hand diagnosis acquisition equipment.The key points of the hand were extracted by the Mediapipe palm key point algorithm,and the palm area was segmented by geometry to obtain the length and color gamut characteristics of different parts.The physician with clinical license was used to determined the patient's yin and yang twenty-five constitution according to the e-lectronic medical record,and the patient's constitution was identified by comparing Random Forest,Logistic Regression,Xgboost algo-rithm and Light GBM.RESULTS This study successfully constructed a TCM constitution identification model based on hand charac-teristics,which can identify ten basic constitution types including gold wood,gold fire,gold water,gold soil,wood fire,wood water,wood soil,water fire,water soil and fire soil.After sample equalization,the Random Forest model performed best in physical identifi-cation,with an accuracy rate of 0.69,which was significantly better than other models.CONCLUSION The constitution identifica-tion model of TCM hand diagnosis based on hand characteristics can realize the constitution identification of the five elements of TCM.However,due to the use of only hand diagnosis data of TCM,the accuracy needs to be improved.Compared with the traditional body mass scale,it is more objective,convenient,highly stable and consistent.In the future,multimodal integration with face diagno-sis and whole body inspection can be carried out to promote the accuracy,intelligence and multi-dimensional evaluation ability of TCM constitution identification technology.