Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common postoperative complication of pelvic surgery for which there is currently no effective treatment. This study investigated the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived mitochondria (ADSCs-mito) transplantation in a rat model of bilateral cavernous nerve injury (CNI) ED. Materials and Methods: We isolated mitochondria from ADSCs and tested their quality. In vivo, twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group and CNI groups that received intracavernous injection of either phosphate buffer solution, ADSCs-mito or ADSCs. Two weeks after therapy, the erectile function of the rats was evaluated and the penile tissues were harvested for histologic analysis and western blotting. In vitro, the apoptosis rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria derived active oxygen (mtROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were detected in corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) after the incubation with ADSCs-mito. In addition, intercellular mitochondrial transfer was visualized by co-culture of ADSCs and CCSMCs. Results: The ADSCs, ADSCs-mito and CCSMCs were isolated and identified successfully. ADSCs-mito transplantation notably restored the erectile function and smooth muscle content of CNI ED rats. Moreover, the levels of ROS, mtROS and cleaved-caspase 3 were reduced and the levels of superoxide dismutase and ATP were increased after ADSCs-mito transplantation. In CNI ED rats, the mitochondrial structure of cells in penile tissues was destroyed. ADSCs could transfer its own mitochondria to CCSMCs. Pre-treatment with ADSCs-mito could significantly decrease apoptosis rate, ROS levels and mtROS levels as well as restore the ATP level in CCSMCs. Conclusions ADSCs-mito transplantation significantly ameliorated ED induced by CNI, with similar potency to ADSCs treatment. The ADSCs-mito might exert their effects via anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis and modulating energy metabolism of CCSMCs. Mitochondrial transplantation should be a promising therapeutic method for treating CNI ED in the future.

Objective:To analyze the clinical phynotypes of fetuses with 22q11.2 microduplications.Method:Eleven fetuses were diagnosed with 22q11.2 microduplications among 2 969 cases who underwent prenatal chromosomal microarray analysis from January 2016 to February 2020. The phenotypes, indications for invasive prenatal diagnosis, genetic results, pregnancy outcomes and postnatal clinical presentation were analyzed.Results:There were 6 cases diagnosed with classic 3.0 Mb microduplication (DiGeorge and velocardiofacial syndromes, DGS/VCFS) in the 22q11.2, 1 case with 1.5 Mb proximal microduplication and 4 cases with distal small segment microduplication (E-H). Out of 11 fetuses with 22q11.2 microduplications,7 cases were inherited, 2 cases was de novo and data were not available for 2 cases. Vicular septal defect and anencephalu were diagnosed by ultrasonography in 2 cases,fetal growth restriction was diagnosed in 2 cases,no any abnormalities were found in remaining 7 cases. Seven cases(3 cases of classic 3.0 Mb microduplication, 1 case of proximal microduplication and 3 cases of distal small segment microduplication) were delivered at full-term;and pregnancy was terminated in 4 cases. Seven infants were followed up after birth, 4 infants were normal, 3 showed abnormal phenotypes.Conclusion:The clinical phenotypes after birth of fetuses with 22q11.2 microduplication are diverse. Prenatal genetic counseling is necessary,so that pregnant women and their families can fully understand the possible clinical phenotypes and make informed choices.

Objective:To investigate the clinical symptoms and cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging characteristics of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) with chewing side preference (CSP).Methods:One hundred patients with TMJOA diagnosed in the Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of the Chinese PLA from January 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled, including 32 males and 68 females, with an median age of 27.5 years (16-71 years). According to the habit of CSP, 100 cases were divided into 71 cases of TMJOA with CSP group and 29 cases of TMJOA without CSP group. The clinical symptoms were observed, including pain, TMJ sounds, limited mouth opening as well as the radiograph imaging changes of condylar bone. When analyzing the radiograph imaging changes of condylar, the cases with bilateral TMJ symptoms were excluded and the remaining cases were divided into symptomatic sides and asymptomatic sides with CSP or without CSP according to the symptoms of the chief complaint. SPSS 25.0 was used to analyze the statistical data. Age data did not conform to normal distribution so that median and quartile spacing were used for description, and Mann-Whitney U test was used for nonparametric test. Qualitative data such as gender, clinical symptoms and condylar lesion types were described by composition ratio and chi-square test was performed. Results:There was no statistical significance in age and gender of TMJOA patients in the group with or without CSP ( P>0.05). The incidence of pain in CSP group [83.1% (59/71)] was marginally higher than that in non-CSP group [65.5% (19/29)] but without statistical difference (χ2 =3.71, P=0.054). There was also no significant difference in TMJ sounds and limitation of mandibular movement between the two groups (χ2 =0.11, P=0.742; χ2 =0.48, P=0.489). Among all of joints, the most common types of TMJOA were articular flattening and shortening and erosion. CBCT showed that erosion [65.0% (130/200)], flattening and shortening [73.0% (146/200)], subcortical sclerosis [42.0% (84/200)], osteophyte [30.5% (61/200)] and subcortical cystic [15.5% (31/200)]. According to the different groups of chief complaint sides, intra-group comparisons show that the proportion of erosion in symptomatic sides of CSP group [80.0% (40/50)] was significantly higher than that in asymptomatic sides of CSP group [50.0% (25/50)] (χ2=9.89, P=0.002). Inter-group comparisons show that the proportion of condyle flattening and shortening in symptomatic sides of CSP group [84.0% (42/50)] was significantly higher than that in bilateral joint of non-CSP group (8/15) (χ2=8.81, P=0.032). There was no significant difference in the proportion of subcortical sclerosis, osteophyte and subcortical cystic between the group with or without CSP ( P>0.05). Conclusions:TMJOA patients with CSP may be more prone to clinical symptoms of pain and CBCT imaging changes of condyle erosion as well as flattening and shortening. CSP may be a promoting factor for the development of TMJOA.

OBJECTIVE: To explore strategies of prenatal genetic testing for fetuses featuring abnormal skeletal development. METHODS: Clinical data of 17 fetuses with skeletal dysplasia was collected. The results of genetic testing and outcome of pregnancy were analyzed. RESULTS: For 12 fetuses, the femur-to-foot length ratio was less than 0.9. Thirteen fetuses had a positive finding by genetic testing. One fetus was diagnosed with chromosomal aneuploidy, three were diagnosed with microdeletion/microduplications, and nine were diagnosed with hereditary bone diseases due to pathological variants of FGFR3, COL1A2, GPX4 or ALPL genes. CONCLUSION For fetuses with skeletal dysplasia characterized by short femur, in addition to chromosomal karyotyping and microarray analysis, sequencing of FGFR3 and other bone disease-related genes can improve the diagnostic rate.
Bone Diseases, Developmental/genetics* ; Female ; Fetus/diagnostic imaging* ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/genetics* ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Objective:To compare the effect of the new anterior cervical spine memory compression fixation device (GYZ memory alloy plate) and traditional titanium plate on the range of motion (ROM) and stress of the adjacent segment after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.Methods:An adult male volunteer was recruited for a fee. After excluding cervical malformations, fractures, infections and other diseases, C 3-C 7 thin-layer CT scans were performed. Import the scanned data into the finite element modeling software to establish the finite element model of the physiological group and verify itseffectiveness. After C 5,6 discectomy, the intervertebral fusion device was inserted, and the anterior fixation was assisted by a conventional titanium plate or a new type of fixator. Thus, the finite element model of the traditional titanium plate group and the new fixer group was established. The three models were imported into the finite element analysis software ANSYS 16.0, and a vertical downward axial load of 73.6 N was loaded to simulate the head weight and the torque of 1.0 N·m to simulate the cervical spine flexion, extension, left lateral bending, right lateral bending, left rotation and right rotation.Compare the changes of intervertebral disc ROM and stress in adjacent segments of physiological group, traditional titanium plate group and new type fixator group. Results:The intervertebral disc ROM under six conditions was basically similar to the results of previous studies, and the model was effective. In the adjacent segment C 4,5, the three groups of activities in the flexion, extension, left lateral bending, right lateral bending, left rotation and right rotation conditions were: physiological group 3.9°, 4.2°, 3.7°, 3.7°, 2.2° and 2.2°, traditional titanium plate group 4.6°, 4.7°, 4.3°, 4.4°, 3.3° and 3.1°, and new fixture group 4.4°, 4.3°, 4.0°, 4.2°, 2.8° and 2.7°. The maximum stresses of the intervertebral discs under three different working conditions were: physiological group 1.81, 1.60, 3.99, 2.06, 3.63 and 3.41 MPa, traditional titanium plate group 1.86, 1.67, 4.21, 2.16, 3.82 and 3.63 MPa, and new fixture group 1.84, 1.64, 4.17, 2.14, 3.78 and 3.58 MPa. In the adjacent segment C 6,7, the activities of the three groups in six working conditions were: physiological group 3.1°, 3.2°, 2.5°, 2.5°, 1.2° and 1.3°, traditional titanium plate group 4.2°, 3.7°, 3.4°, 3.0°, 2.1° and 2.2°, and new fixture group 3.5°, 3.3°, 2.5°, 2.7°, 1.8° and 1.9°.The maximum stress of the intervertebral disc under three different working conditions was: physiological group 0.45, 0.66, 1.12, 0.85, 0.84 and 0.82 MPa, traditional titanium plate group 0.62, 0.93, 1.55, 1.24, 1.44 and 1.27 MPa, and new fixture group 0.61, 0.92, 1.54, 1.22, 1.07 and 1.24 MPa. The ROM and disc pressure of adjacent segments in the conventional titanium plate group were higher than those of the new fixator group. Conclusion:Compared with the traditional titanium plate, the new type of anterior cervical memory compression fixator has less effect on the ROM and stress of adjacent segments, which may slow down the process of adjacent segments degeneration to a certain extent.

Objective To evaluate the reporting item quality of randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods The terms including Chinese medicine, Chinese herbal medicine, randomized controlled trials, and non-small cell lung cancer were searched in Chinese and English databases by computer systems to collect relevant literatures. Based on the CONSORT 2010 (consolidated standards of reporting trials 2010), the reporting item quality of the abstracts and main text in eligible papers was evaluated. Results Ninety-five eligible studies were identified from 692 potential eligible articles. None reported all of abstract and main text items in CONSORT 2010. Only 4.12％could be identified as the randomized trial in the title. More than 40％of reports showed the scientific background or rationale in the abstract but not in the main text. Three (3.16％) eligible reports defined the primary or secondary outcome measures. None reported complete information of subjects throughout the clinical trial process. Results A total of 95 eligible papers were collected, of which 0 papers reported complete abstracts and text entries according to the CONSORT. The titles of 4.12％papers were identified as randomized trials. More than 40％of the papers only reported the study purpose or hypothesis in the abstract. 3.16％of the papers reported primary and secondary efficacy index entries, and 0 papers reported complete information of subjects from enrollment to included data analysis sets. Conclusion There is a serious problem of items shortage in the literatures of randomized controlled clinical trials on Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The randomized controlled clinical trials of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer should be reported based on the CONSORT to improve the quality of trials.

According to the related requirements of safety reevaluation of TCM injections,hospital centralized monitoring of the safety of TCM injection was consecutively pressed ahead.Centralized security monitoring was a large-scale real world research involving numerous data acquisition,transmission,verification and analysis.The quality of data acquisition and data verification directly affected the authenticity and reliability of research data and results.Therefore,data management played a significant role in the safety monitoring of TCM injections.Based on the analysis of previous researches,this paper discussed the implementation content,links and the frequent problems and corresponding solutions of data management during the safety monitoring of TCM injections,combining with the experience in the implementation of projects.

Safety is a critical link restricting the development of TCM injections.Hospital centralized monitoring is of importance in the safety evaluation of TCM injections.However,the results of centralized monitoring studies usually deviated from the actual situation because of problems in design and process quality.Our research team have completed several projects over centralized monitoring in recent years.Based on the previous research experience,this paper mainly discussed the current statuation,the significance and methods for standard process of hospital centralized monitoring in regard to TCM injections,in order to improve the quality of centralized monitoring studies and provide technique support for recognizing the safety of TCM injections.

The implementation process management plays a important role for the quality of centralized safety monitoring study of post-marketing Chinese medical injections.One of the critical link is hospital.Currently,there is no principle or specification for hospital choosing,number of monitoring points,data collection responsible part and forms of data collection as well.These issues caused uneven quality,huge differences in results and questioned conclusion.Based on the previous research experience,this paper focused on discussing the link of hospital where research data may be influenced,and proposed some suggestions.

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between dosage and curative effect of blood coagulation factor VIII in the prevention and treatment of haemophilia A in children and to determine the suitable dose for prevention of hemophilia in developing countries. METHODS: For different body weights of child patient, every time we used the same dosage of blood coagulation factor VIII (250 U each time, 3 times a week) and observed and recorded the number of hemorrhages in child patients. Then we compared the number of hemorrhages with children without treatment to determine the curative effect. According to the different body weights, we calculated the dosage of VIII factor of blood coagulation per kilogram (hereinafter referred to as the dose), and used Spearman correlation coefficient to study the correlation between dose and curative effect. RESULTS: The number of hemorrhages in 58 child patients before the treatment was 4.36 ± 1.78, while after the treatment was 2.22 ± 1.04 (t=7.91, P<0.001). The Spearman correlation coefficient of child patients of 5-10 U/kg was -0.421 (P=0.005); the Spearman correlation coefficient of child patients of 10-15 U/kg was -0.331 (P=0.030); the Spearman correlation coefficient of child patients over 15 U/kg was -0.16 (P=0.325). CONCLUSION Prevention and treatment can significantly reduce the times of hemorrhage in hemophilia patients.
Blood Coagulation ; Child ; Factor VIII ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hemophilia A ; therapy ; Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Humans